Oceania

and
Antarctica
 Learning Objectives

• Describe the continents of Oceania and

Antarctica
• Name all the countries that belong to the
various regions of these continents
• Identify the touristic features of the
regions in the two continents
 AC
O F ERAI N
C IAA
• Is a region consisting of the island countries situated throughout of the
Pacific Ocean
• It includes the continent of Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific
island regions such as Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia
• The countries of this region are able to work together despite
geographical characteristics and differences culture
• They celebrate FESTPAC OR The Festival of Pacific Arts and Culture
every four years to revive and preserve their culture and traditional
arts of the Pacific and build awareness of their cultural richness
 AC
O F ERAI N
C IAA
• It has 14 countries
• Australia is its largest country
• Nauru is its smallest country
• The biggest island is Australia
• Longest River: Murray River, Australia
• Highest Mountain: Mount Wilhelm, Papua New Guinea
 O C EA
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A
• It is the smallest continent but the sixth largest country in the world
next to Brazil, USA, China, Canada, and Russia
• The name originated from the Latin word “Australis’ meaning
“southern land”
• It consists of two islands :
• Mainland Australia
• State Island Tasmania
• Famous for its wildlife animals such as echidna, dingo, kangaroo, koala,
platypus, Tasmanian devil, wallaby, and wombat
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SIX STATES AND THEIR CAPITAL
1. New South Wales – Sydney
• Largest city of Australia known for UNESCO World Heritage Site, the
SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE
• Other Attractions include:
• Bondi Beach –well known sandy beaches
• Hyde Park – oldest park in the country
• Sea Life Sydney Aquarium
• Royal Botanic Gardens
• Shopping Centers: Paddington Markets, Piit Street Mall, Surry Hills
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SIX STATES AND THEIR CAPITAL
2. Queensland – Brisbane
• Brisbane is the home to the Great Barrier Reef, the world’s greatest
coral reef (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
• Other Attractions:
• Mount Coot-tha Botanic Gardens
• City Botanic Gardens
• Queen Street Mall
• Queensland Maritime Museum
• The Brisbane Arts Theatre
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SIX STATES AND THEIR CAPITAL
3. Victoria - Melbourne
• Melbourne is the second largest state capital and known for having
various seasons in a day
• Attractions:
• Werribee Open Range Zoo
• Melbourne Zoo
• Royal Botanic Garden sof Victoria
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SIX STATES AND THEIR CAPITAL
4. South Australia – Adelaide
• Adelaide is one of the UNESCO creative cities in Australia recognized
as the City of Music.
• Other Cities are:
• City of Literature – Melbourne
• City of Film – Sydney
• City of Design – Geelong
• City of Craft and Folk Arts – Ballarat
• City of Gastronomy - Bendigo
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SIX STATES AND THEIR CAPITAL
5. Tasmania – Hobart
• Tasmania is an island state located in the southeast Coast of mainland
Australia
• It is known for its carnivorous marsupial, the Tasmanian Devil
• Attractions:
• Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery
• Salamanca Market – huge outdoor markets in Hobart’s waterfront
• Tasmanian Wilderness – UNESCO World Heritage Site
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SIX STATES AND THEIR CAPITAL
6. Western Australia – Perth
• It has plenty to offer to its visitors that include cultural sites,
architectural edifices, parks and gardens like King’s Park and Botanic
Garden, pubic spaces and arts like The Arch and The Mob Kangaroos
on Terrace, and street arts and murals
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TWO TERRITORIES AND THEIR CAPITAL
1. Australia Capital Territory - Canberra
• Attractions:
• The National Gallery of Australia
• Questacon – The national science and Technology Centre
• Parliament House
• National Library of Australia
• Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve and Namadgi National Park
• Canberra District Wine Region
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TWO TERRITORIES AND THEIR CAPITAL
2. Northern Territory - Darwin
• Attractions:
• Uluru or Ayers Rock
• Litchfield National Park
• Watarrka National Park
• Mary River National Park
• Aboriginal Fine Arts Gallery
• Provenance Arts
 A IFAR– INew
OCEAN C A Zealand
• New Zealand is an island nation found in the south Pacific composing
of two major islands, the North Island and the South Island
• “Aoteara” is the country’s Maori (indigenous people of New Zealand)
name
• New Zealanders are nicknamed “kiwi” also the name of the bird
endemic to this country
• Maori identified themselves by the tribe (iwi), subtribe (hapu),
mountain (maunga), and river (awa).
• Te Reo is the language of Maori
 A IFAR– INew
OCEAN C A Zealand
• Wellington is the capital of New Zealand located in the North Island
• It is also identified as the country’s culinary, film, amd coffee capital
• Attractions:
• Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (means container of
treasures)
• Zealandia ( a sanctuary that can be explored in the city)
• Wellington Cable Car
 A IFAR– INew
OCEAN C A Zealand
• New Zealand is also a famous film destination of many interntiona
movies like:
• Cathedral Cove – Chronicles of Narnia
• Hobbiton Movie Set, Waikato Region – The Lord of the Rings and
The Hobbit
• Mount Taranaki – The Last samurai
• Kaitoke Regional Park - The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit
• Karekare Beach – The Piano
• Lyall Bay – King Kong
 A IFAR– INew
OCEAN C A Zealand
• Auckland, New Zealand is dubbed as the “City of Sails”, the largest
city and is one of the most sought-after destinations of tourists.
• Some of the places of interests here include:
• Kelly Tarlton’s Antarctic Encounter
• Underwater World and The Waitomo Caves
• Te Puia
• Agrodome
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
• Pacific Islands are group of islands which is divided into three
subregions: Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia
a. MELANESIA (black islands)
• Is a region in the western Pacific Ocean and south of New Guinea
Island, the equator is its northern boundary
• It extends to the Arafura Sea
• The people have distinguished dark skin and frizzy hair
• Their languages are Papuan and Micronesian
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
MELANESIA (black islands)
• The area includes the island of Guinea; the Bismarck Archipelago;
four independent countries (Vanuatu, the Solomon Islands, Fiji, and
Papua New Guinea); and the French dependency of New Caledonia
• Many islands of Melanesia are of volcanic origin and belong to the
Pacific Ring of Fire
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
MELANESIA (black islands)
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
• New Guinea is the second largest island in the world after Greenland
• Capital: Port Moresby
• Airport: Port Moresby International Airport (Jacksons International
Airport)
• Attractions:
• Port Moresby Nature Park, Parliament House, National Museum
and Art Gallery, City Craft Markets, and National Football Stadium
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
MELANESIA (black islands)
VANUATU
• Vanuatu or Republic of Vanuatu was formerly known as New
Hebrides
• Capital : Port Vila (located in the island of Efate), the country’s main
commercial and tourism destination
• Gateway: The Bauerfield International Airport
• Flag Carrier: Air Vanuatu (NF)
• Attractions: Blue Cave, Eton Beach, Champagne Beach, Crystal Blue
Lagoon Beach
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
MELANESIA (black islands)
SOLOMON ISLANDS
• It is a country composed of nearly 1000 islands
• Capital : Honiara
• Offers activities like snorkeling and diving
• Lagoons to enjoy :
• Marovo
• Munda
• Roviana
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
MELANESIA (black islands)
FIJI
• Republic of Fiji
• Biggest Islands: Viti Levu, Vanua Levu
• Languages: English (official), Fijian, Hindustani
• Attractions:
• Bouma National Heritage Park
• Diving sites : Eel Reef, Great White Wall
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
MELANESIA (black islands)
NEW CALEDONIA (French Dependency)
• Home to the lagoons of New Caledonia
• Capital : Noumea (known for spectacular bays like Anse Vata, Baie de
Citrons, Promenade Pierre Vernier)
• Reef Diversity and Associated Ecosystems, a UNESCO World heritage
Site
• Language : French (official), Kanak
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
b. MICRONESIA
• Situated in the western part of the Pacific Ocean
• It includes:
• Federated States of Micronesia
• Palau
• The Marshall Islands
• Mariana Islands
• Western Portion of the Kiribati Archipelago
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
b. MICRONESIA
FEDERATED STATE OF MICRONESIA
• Composed of 600 small islands
• It has four main states:
• Yap State; Pohnpei State, Chuuk State, and Kosrae
• Official Language: English
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
b. MICRONESIA
PALAU
• Republic of Palau
• Capital : Ngerulmud
• Former Capital: Koror
• Activities to enjoy: Snorkeling, bird watching, kayaking, diving and
sports fishing
• Attractions: Ngermeskang Bird Sanctuary; Chandelier Cave; Blue
Corner; Palau’s Rock Island and Southern Lagoon (UNESCO Heritage
Site)
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
b. MICRONESIA
MARSHALL ISLANDS
• Republic of Marshall Islands
• Capital : Majuro
• Airport: Marshall Islands International Airport
• Languages: Marshallese and English
• Currency: Dollar
• Attractions:
• Bikini Atoll; Arno Atoll; Jaluit Island; Ratak Chain
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
b. MICRONESIA
KIRIBATI
• Republic of Kiribati
• An archipelago that lies in the Western, Eastern, Northern and
Southern Hemisphere
• Capital : Tawara
• Languages: I-Kiribati, English (official)
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
b. MICRONESIA
NORTHERN MARIANAS ISLANDS
• Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands
• It is a self-governing territory of USA
• Capital : Saipan
• People living in the area: Filipino (largest group); Chinese; Korean;
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islanders
• Indigenous People: “Chamorro”
• Languages: Chamorro, English (official), and Filipino
• Gateway: Saipan International Airport (SPN)
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
c. POLYNESIA
• It Is composed of :
• Cook Islands
• Hawaii
• French Polynesia
• New Zealand
• The Marquesas Islands
• Samoa
 O C E A NAI FA R I C A Islands
– Pacific
c. POLYNESIA
Mancini (2011) identified the following islands as the most sought-
after tourist destinations:
• Tahitian Islands
• Tonga
• American Samoa
• Samoa
• Cook Islands
 ANTARCTICA
AFRICA
• Known as the southernmost continent
• Known as the coldest, driest and windiest
• It is the fifth largest continent on Earth
• It is covered with ice
• It is a desert but holds 70% of the world’s freshwater
• It remains to be uninhabited
• Animals: penguins, whales, seals, nematodes, tardigrades and
mites
• Plants: moss and algae
 ANTARCTICA
AFRICA
• Antarctica can be reach by boat or plane
• It takes 48 hours to sail to the Drake Passage from the tip of South
America to the Antarctic Peninsula
• Options in clude flying from Ushuaia, Argentina; flying by charter
plane from Punta arenas, Chile; sailing from South Islands, New
Zealand, or flying to the South Pole
• No visa is required to visit Antarctica since it is a none sovereign
nation one must have vis eligibility for Argentina and Chile since
they are the take off points to get to Antarctica
ATTRACTIONS: ANTARCTICA
AFRICA
• Vinson Massif – the highest point standing at 4892 meters
• Antarctic Ice Sheet – among Earth’s two polar ice caps; it is the
Earth highest single ice mass
• Mount Erebus – most active volcano on Earth on the south
• Wenddel Sea
• Ross Ice shelf - Antarctica’s largest ice shelf
• Lake Vostok – largest subglacial lake
• Beardmore Glacier – measures 200 km long and 40 km high
• Vestfold Hills – free from snow, known as Antarctic Oasis
• Bay of Whales – natural ice port or ice harbor
• Bently Subglacial Trench-one of the lowest points on Earth (by ice)
 ANTARCTICA
AFRICA
ACTIVITES:
• Observing peruse penguins and colossal penguin colonies
• Kayaking around Antarctic sea Ice or scuba diving under it
• Cruising (and riding a helicopter to) the spectacular Ross Sea
• Observing the Antarctic whales on a whale-watching cruise
• Cruising (and riding a helicopter to) the wondrous Weddell Sea
THANK YOU