Curs neurostiinte clinice -

repere in anatomia creierului

Miralena I. Tomescu, PhD, sem I 2020
 Nucleus
(relatively compact

Brain overview arrangement of

nerve cell bodies
and their connections)

FIGURE 2.18 Organization of Grey matter

neurons in the CNS. (neurons arranged
In the CNS, neurons can be organized in layers forming a
in clumps called nuclei (top—not to be sheet of tissue)
confused with the nucleus inside each
neuron), which are most commonly
found in subcortical and spinal
structures, or sheets called layers White matter
(middle), (axons and glial cells
which are most commonly found in the forming tracts
cortex. The cell bodies of glial cells are interconnecting
located in the white matter (e.g., the brain.)
oligodendrocytes), and in the cortex.
Gazzaniga et al., 2014
Brain overview

Dorsal
(superior)

Rostral
(anterior)

Caudal
(posterior)

Ventral
(inferior)

Gazzaniga et al., 2014

Brain overview

Sagittal sections:
Midsagittal section
Coronal section Lateral sagittal section

Axial, transverse,
or horizontal section

Gazzaniga et al., 2014

 Brain overview
GazzaniIga et al., 2014

■ The limbic system includes

subcortical and cortical
structures
that are interconnected and
play a role in emotion.

■ The basal ganglia are

involved in a variety of crucial
brain functions, including
action selection, action
gating,
reward-based learning, motor
preparation, timing, task
switching, and more.
 Brain overview

The thalamus is the relay

station for almost all sensory
information.
■ The hypothalamus is
important for the autonomic
nervous system and
endocrine system. It controls
functions necessary for the
maintenance of homeostasis.
It is also involved in control of
the pituitary gland.
■ The pituitary gland
releases hormones into the
bloodstream
Subcortical regions
 The parietal lobe receives
Brain overview sensory input about touch, pain, temperature, and
limb position, and it is involved in coding space and
coordinating actions.

The frontal lobe is for

planning, cognitive The occipital lobe
control, and processes
execution of movements. visual information. The
limbic lobe (not really a
lobe)
is involved in emotional
processing, learning,
and
memory.
The temporal lobe contains auditory,
visual, and multimodal
processing areas.

Gazzaniga et al., 2014

Brain Overview

Gazzaniga et al., 2014

Brain Overview

Gazzaniga et al., 2014

 Brain Overview

Gazzaniga et al., 2014

Organizare
Somatotopica
a cortexului
motor
si a cortexului
somatosenzorial
Brain Overview
 Multumesc pentru atentie!!!