Jobsheet 5

PRESSURE VESSEL

5.1 Competence
After completing the practicum, students can:
• Understand how Finite Element Method and Computer Aided Engineering work.
• Understand basic concept of pressure vessel.
• Perform convergence test, validation, and simulation using software correctly.
• Perform stress analysis and deformation pressure vessel.
• Analyse and evaluate stress and deformation on pressure vessel.

5.2 Geometry, Boundary, and Loading Conditions

Figure 5-1 Cylindrical Pressure Vessel

A cylindrical pressure vessel has an inner diameter ID mm and a thickness of t mm. The vessel
is subjected to an internal pressure of P MPa. The parameter of the dimension is shown in
Table 5-1.
Table 5-1 The Parameter of Cylindrical Pressure Vessel

No L H ID t P
1 4000 2000 3000 15 0.10
2 4000 2000 2000 15 0.20
3 4000 2000 2000 20 0.20
4 4000 2000 2000 25 0.20

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 No L H ID t P
5 4000 2000 2500 15 0.25
6 4000 2000 2500 20 0.25
7 4000 2000 2500 25 0.25
8 4000 2000 3000 15 0.30
9 4000 2000 3000 20 0.30
10 4000 2000 3000 25 0.30

5.3 Material Model

The materials of cylindrical pressure vessel are stainless steel for case 1, titanium for case 2,
and aluminium alloy for case 3.

5.4 Pressure Vessel

Cylindrical or spherical pressure vessels are commonly used in industry to serve as boilers or
storage tanks. The stresses acting in the wall of these vessels can be analyzed in a simple
manner provided it has a thin wall, that is, the inner-radius-to-wall-thickness ratio is 10 or more
𝑟
( ≥ 10).
𝑡

Figure 5-2 Pressure Vessel Nomenclature

Hoop Stress Longitudinal Stress

𝑃𝑟 𝑃𝑟
𝜎1 = 𝜎ℎ = 𝜎2 = 𝜎𝑙 =
𝑡 2𝑡
Where:
𝜎1 , 𝜎2 = the normal stress in the hoop and longitudinal directions, respectively. Each is
assumed to be constant throughout the wall of the cylinder, and each subjects the material to
tension; 𝑃 = the internal gage pressure developed by the contained gas; 𝑟 = the inner radius
𝑟
of the cylinder; and 𝑡 = the thickness of the wall ( ≥ 10).
𝑡

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5.5 Results and Evaluation
Explain the result of simulation with picture and explanation.
1. Convergence Test/Mesh Independency Test
2. Validation
3. Cylindrical Pressure Vessel (Solid Model)
a. What is the hoop stress of the model?
b. What is the longitudinal stress of the model?
c. What is the total maximum deformation and its location?
d. What is the maximum von-Mises Stress and its location?
e. What is the maximum strain and its location?
f. What is the safety factor of model?
4. Load Case for different material of pressure vessel.
5. If you model the pressure vessel using shell/surface element, what will happen? Compare
the solid model and shell/surface model. Give the response of it.

5.6 Report and Data Collection

1. All models are written in a report.
2. The report must write by individual person.
3. The report format:
a. Collect in a .pdf file (file name: Name_Student ID_Jobsheet 5_Data Number).
b. Paper is A4.
c. Maximum page is 8.
d. Figure and Table must use name of figure and name of table.
e. The minimum outline of report:
i. Introduction
Introduction contains Problem Statement, Objective, Scope of Analysis, etc.
ii. Data, Assumptions, and Finite Element Model
Data, Assumptions, and Finite Element Model contains Geometry Model,
Material Data and Model, Boundary and Loading Conditions, Load Case,
Meshing/Element Type Selection etc.
iii. Result and Analysis
Result and Analysis contains Convergence Test/Mesh Independency, Validation
(Plate), Result and Evaluation of Simulation, Discussion, etc.
iv. Conclusion

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