UNITAR INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

CSZB3143 CHILDREN‟S TOY AND PLAY

GROUP ASSIGNMENT

PREPARED BY:

NAME MATRIC NUMBER

SYAZA NABILAH BINTI MAHADZIR AS210113146
NUR FASIHAH BINTI MOHAMAD NAZRI AS210113147
NURUL NATASYA BINTI ROSMAN AS210915192
THARANI CHANDRAN AS210915210
TARANI A/P RAJALINGAM AS210113222

PREPARED FOR:

MOHAMMAD ZAWAWEE BIN MD HUSIN

SUBMISSION DATE:

24. JULY. 2022

1.0 INTRODUCTION

THEME: VEHICLE

AIM OR PURPOSE OF THE PLAY SPACE:

- Play is an important activity in child development and critical for a child to reach their full
potential. Play is also in children's nature and is important for children's development because
it contributes to their cognitive, physical, social and emotional health. Through playing
teachers or parents have the opportunity to participate in children's activities. Playing is a
natural activity and a necessity for every child. They can learn and explore the environment
through play activities because of their high imagination. It is also an activity that gives joy
and satisfaction to children.

Among the purposes of creating products for this play space is to develop self-regulation
skills and children's social skills such as waiting for their turn, collaboration, obeying rules
and communicating. Examples of activities are like cooking in the kitchen, patients and
doctors or driving a car on the road. It is where they can understand the atmosphere that is
happening with more than they just need to see. It can also help and give children the
opportunity to bring out the talent that is in them.

Besides that, Children can interact and communicate with friends more friendly. It is
because in this playroom, children will be asked to play together with other friends to carry
out an activity. So it will to some extent help children in achieving effective communication.

Apart from that, children can act out a story based on their experiences with the materials or
items provided. It is also to help children to feel themselves and adapt to the atmosphere that
often happens around them. Last but not least, it is to cultivate good values in children. It is
where, in an activity, there must be values of cooperation, tolerance, respect for friends'
opinions, courage, independence and so on. So, it can teach children to be a better person in
the future.
2.0 MATERIALS & STEPS

MATERIALS:

Scissor Knife Paper colour

Manila card Cardboard Glue

Water colour Brush Tape Polystyrene

STEPS:

Step 1
- Firstly, prepare material needed to create vehicles such as car and bus and cut the box
following the template and child aged size.

Step 2
- Wrap the bus and car box with colour paper by using uhu glue and tape or salotape.

Step 3
- After that, decorate the other items such as window, number plate of bus and car and
others.
Step 4
- Make the tyre for bus and car by paper plate. And decorate the tire rim using black
tape

Step 5
- Make a steering for bus and car.

Step 6
- After that, prepare road for car and bus by using cardboard, black manila card and
white A4 paper to make lines.
Step 7
- Then, make traffic light using shoe box. Wrap the box using black card manila.

Step 8
- For the traffic light, use three colored papers, namely red, yellow and green. Then, cut
a round shape on each color paper. And finally stick the circle on the black box that
has been completed
Step 9
Arrange the bus and car on the road with traffic light.
3.0 SAFETY REQUIREMENT

THE MATERIAL USED:

 SCISSCOR/KNIFE

- Discourage from walking with scissors hands but must make sure hold them correctly:
grasp them by the closed blades with the blades towards the floor.When using any
sharp objects, be aware of movements.Don‟t try and do several things at once when
handling sharp objects and focus on the task at hand.Needless to say, never play or
joke with scissors in your hand as even the slightest slip or misguided movement can
cause severe injury for the person holding the scissors or for anyone near them.Before
using any tools such as shears or scissors, always make sure you inspect the item for
any damages. This could mean looking out for cracked, bent or loose handles
especially. If you are not sure how to use a tool, always ask someone who knows.
Never attempt to learn „on the job‟ as this could prove dangerous.
 MANILA KAD/COLOUR PAPERS

- Based on the pictures, sharp edges or potential for hazardous exposure must be
avoided. Additional, safety guidance for use of the pictures in arts & crafts projects.
Health professionals caution against using recycled toilet paper tubes for arts and
crafts projects because of potential fecal contamination.

 CARDBOXES/SHOE BOX

- Sharp Edges boxes intended for children under eight years of age should be free of
sharp edges and metal edges. With use, however, older toys may break, exposing
cutting edges. project involves recycled materials, any item that has sharp edges or
potential for hazardous exposure must be avoided. Additional safety guidance for use
of recycled materials in arts & crafts projects.Recycled cardboard boxes should be
paper towel tubes, gift-wrap tubes, or long cardboard tubes that can be cut to any
length. Health professionals caution against using recycled toilet paper tubes for arts
crafts projects because of potential fecal contamination.
 GLUE

- Read the product label When possible choose the safest materials available those with
few or no cautionary or warning labels. Cyanoacrylate found in instant glue may
cause adhesion of mucous membranes such as eyelids, skin. Solvent-based glues such
as rubber cement and some epoxies may be toxic by ingestion and inhalation, be
flammable, cause skin and eye irritation and cause allergies. Wear appropriate
protection such as gloves, goggles. Ensure appropriate ventilation for this activity,
particularly when using solvent-based products. Avoid smoking, open flames, and
other ignition sources when using glues with flammable components.

 WATERCOLOUR

- Water colours in dry cake form contain pigments, preservatives and binders. Water,
glycerin and glucose are also included in liquid water colour formulations. Gouache
contains pigments, gums, preservatives, glycerin, and pacifiers. Some pigments may
be toxic by inhalation and avoid inhaling powders. Gum arabic and gum tragacanth
may cause skin irritation and allergies. Some paints may contain small amounts of
formaldehyde or para formaldehyde as preservatives. If sensitive to these 19
chemicals, contact the manufacturer of the paints you intend to use to determine if
they contain preservatives.
 BRUSH

- Provide forced ventilation in painting areas where there is no through draught.Use

disposable brushes.We should avoid creating paint mists and work upwind of freshly
painted surfaces of boxes.

 POLYSTYRENE

- Many minute substances can be carried into the body through the respiratory tract,
and are then absorbed into the lungs and virtually every organ of the body. Some of
the symptoms are immediate, such as sneezing, coughing, burning, dizziness or
headache, while other symptoms take longer to surface, depending on the nature of
the substance. Smoking while working can intensify the rate and the effects of
inhalation.
  TAPE

- Solvent-based glues such as rubber cement and some epoxies may be toxic by
ingestion and inhalation, be flammable,cause skin and eye irritation and cause
allergies. Wear appropriate protection such as gloves, goggles. Ensure appropriate
ventilation for this activity, particularly when using solvent-based products.

THE DESIGN PRODUCED:

- We create the traffic light by shoe cardboard, wrapped with manila card and colour
papers. We prepare the materials to children safety that they did not get any
dangerous from the things.
- We are using big cardboard boxes to create a car and bus which is no sharp edges and
the wrapped with rolling paper which is not any chemical that children cannot inhale
the colours smell.

- The tyre of the car and bus are completely safe and do not any sharps and we focus on
children safety when they touch it well.

- We create the road by using cardboard, paper and manila card. We cut off the four
side off edges not sharply but we are cut them according to the safety. Children did
not injured by the craft road.
4.0 BENEFITS FOR YOUNG CHILDREN

4.1 HOW COULD THE PLAY SPACE ENCOURAGE CHILDREN TO PARTICIPATE

ACTIVELY IN THEIR PLAY?

1. Children can learn about many type of vehicles

Generally, children really fascinated about vehicles around them. There are many types of
vehicles which are cars, boats, trucks and airplanes that can be teach for the children.
Through the play space that we had created, we focus on two types of vehicles that the
children can learn namely a bus and a car. Both of the vehicles are very interesting for
children to learn more about it as they usually see in everyday life. They can learn about the
differences between bus and car. For example, they can know that bus are usually big and can
accommodate a large number of passengers than the car. In addition, the teacher can teach
them about the use of both of the vehicles. The teacher can told them that school bus is used
to pick up students from school and bring them home while a car is used by people to go to
any destination. This shows that this vehicle play space can help children to develop
understanding and gain more knowledge about a bus and a car.

2. Children can take part in dramatic play

Dramatic play is a form of symbolic play where a child pretends to take on a role of someone
else, imitating action and so on. It is very essential for the child development as it promotes
creativity, imagination and helps them learn to solve problems in imaginative ways. Children
naturally have active imagination and participation when it comes to wheeled toys namely
vehicles. So, through our vehicle play space that we had created, they had an opportunity to
create their own stories and recreate scenes from their favorite cartoons or what they had seen
in their daily life. For example, they can pretend to be a bus driver, bus conductor or
passengers of the bus. They can also act out to pick up students from the school. Besides that,
they can imagine themselves driving a car or become the passengers of the car. This
imaginative play can help children to understand how the real-life people and situations
works through imitation. In addition, it can enhance their cognitive development as they need
think of dialogue to act out the roles and sharing ideas or thoughts based on the situation with
each other. Overall, this vehicle play space give children the opportunity to explore real-
world scenarios in a safe and fun environment.

3. Children can learn about road safety

Road safety is a great subject that can engage children to participate in our vehicle play
space. It is important for the children to learn about road safety lesson from early years. This
is because it can help to develop children‟s understanding towards road safety and give them
the best chance of keeping safe as they get older. Through our vehicle play space, they can
learn about traffic lights. Generally, traffic light has three types of different colors namely
red, yellow and green. Indirectly, they can learn about colors and its used on the road. For
example, red means “Stop”, yellow means “Caution” which lets people know that the light is
about to turn red while for green means “Go”. Even though they cannot move around with
the bus and car that we have created, at least they know what is traffic light and the use of
each colors which is really important in the real situation. Besides that, it also teach children
to look both ways which are left and right before crossing the road. This is because to ensure
that there is no oncoming traffic on the road. Overall, road safety is really vital for children‟s
knowledge as it can ensure their own safety, prevent accidents and injuries in the real
situation.
4.2 HOW DOES PRETEND PLAY ( THROUGH THE PLAY SPACE ) DEVELOP
CHILDREN

a) LANGUAGE:

Pretend play is a type of dramatic play that is crucial for the growth of spoken language.
In comparison to the language, they use in everyday situations, children who participate in
pretend play activities are able to use higher-order language. They all act like adults and play
the part of someone else. The most sophisticated grammatical and pragmatic forms of
language initially develop in play activities, according to psychologist Jerome Bruner. This is
due to the fact that pretend situation encourages language development in child. For example,
a child who become and orderly bus drivers his passengers and will instruct the passengers to
sit safely so as not to fall in the bas. The language they use is more formal than the language
in ordinary situations.

Next, pretend play also allow children to learn literacy skills that arise during play, in
particular learning about different situations where reading and acting about different
situations where reading and acting may be required. For example, while playing carrying a
vehicle on the road, children learn that in order to drive they need to be driven carefully, they
must be able to drive safely while learning about road conditions in a pretend play. Stated on
the contributor while driving the bus to be in good condition while the driver driving the bus
helped other children in that regard.

Lastly, pretend play provides genuine motivation for children to learn the ins and outs of
road use while learning the function of each road traffic light for a purpose appropriate to
their language development. It will be more relevant to write a “STOP” sign if they pretend
to get on the bus or meet the bus, the children who drive the bus will stop at a special reserve
for the bus to stop dropping off or picking up passengers around the stop. The “fun” elements
of road learning are essential to unlocking a child‟s intrinsic learning motivation.
b) SOCIO-EMOTIONAL:

Pretend play helps child develop empathy. By adopting a different persona, individuals
may move in accordance with other people‟s situation, get new insights, and learn how to
support those who are experiencing various emotions. children learn to cooperate, agree on
roles, and negotiate rules and game scenarios as they play roles together. All of this calls on
other people‟s cooperation, collaboration, and understanding. Children discover that people
have varied thoughts and viewpoints through role-playing games and creativity. For example,
some children are confused with 3 types of traffic lights, other children will answer according
to the knowledge they know, then give the opinion of the answer to the teachers as the answer
true or not. They are aware of opposite perspectives and different ways of interpreting
emotions.

Pretend play is a great way for children to navigate their feelings in children‟s social
emotions. Young children will imitate the emotions they see in others and act out different
roles. For example, in a play of pretending to drive a vehicle on the road, children show their
attitude of driving carefully, when arriving at a red-light traffic light, they will state “STOP”.
This type of play allows children to understand the meaning of these emotions and the way
they fit into different social emotions and the way they fit into different social scenarios.
From infancy to the age of two, children build a foundation for emotional intelligence. By the
ages of three and four, children begin to be aware of their emotions and how their actions
affect the people around them. By age five and six, many children can understand other
people‟s emotions and relate to other people‟s feelings.

Lastly, playful pretend plays, such as driving a vehicle on the road, allow children to
immerse themselves fully in their imagination. Children are able to experiment with a variety
of social and emotional roles in life. They can pretend to drive a car, be a traffic policeman
who looks after a traffic light, drive a bus carrying passengers, and so on. It is a great way for
them to learn manners, responsibility and to see their parents while driving on the road. They
also feel how many things need to be obeyed when their parents driving a car.
5.0 APPENDIX