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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims

Reading Comprehension

Directions (1-7): In the passage given below pandemic. Specifically, they have cited the loss of
some of the sentences are given with blank mobility, impact on discretionary spent and
and bold words. You have to identify increase in unemployment as clear signs that
appropriate words from the options which demand is in the doldrums. Several high
need to be replaced and give complete frequency indicators for April have captured the
meaning to the sentences and the paragraph reversal in momentum. GST e way bills, an
as a whole. indicator of the health of domestic trade,
The RBI’s latest monthly bulletin has just lengthened 17.5% month on month, ____ (a)
rejected what many economists and anecdotal ______ automobile fuel consumption, commercial
evidence have been pointing to — a sharp vehicle sales and domestic air passenger traffic
backslide in the economic system. In an article all shrank from the preceding month. And the
on the State of the Economy, RBI officials previously relatively unscathed rural economy too
including Deputy Governor Michael Debabrata saw demand begin to dry up as new infections
Patra have flagged the ‘demand shock’ inflicted spread wider and deeper into the countryside, a
by the ferocious second wave of the COVID­19 trend reflected in a 33.5% contraction in the

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
dispatches of two wheelers and a palpable B. has spending
weakening in demand for tractors. Also, C. Spending
unemployment, which hit a four month high of 8% D. has spent
in April as per a survey by the Centre for E. No replacement required
Monitoring Indian Economy, was at 9.5% on May 4. Which of the following words will replace the
18 based on a 30­day moving average. Crucially, word lengthened?
rural unemployment captured by the moving A. Increased
average had risen to 8.6% and this at a time B. Shortened
when the pandemic’s grip and higher spending on C. Expanded
health are likely to be pushing up precarity among D. Contracted
households in the hinterland. E. No replacement required
1. Which of the following words will replace the 5. Which of the following words will be best
word rejected? suitable for the given blank ______ (a) ____?
A. Confirmed A. while
B. Repudiated B. when
C. Prompted C. which
D. Negated D. that
E. No replacement required E. No replacement required
2. Which of the following words will replace 6. Which of the following words will replace
the word system? the word reflected?
A. Impediment A. Executed
B. Momentum B. Performed
C. Deterrent C. Initiated
D. Activity D. Distorted
E. No replacement required E. No replacement required
3. Which of the following words will replace the 7. Which of the following words will replace the
word spent? word had risen?
A. have spent A. raised
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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
B. has risen can be found in facial expressions, body
C. have risen language, physiological responses, and at times
D. rises public acts of aggression. Facial expressions can
E. No replacement required range from inward angling of the eyebrows to a
Directions (8-14): Read the passage carefully full frown. While most of those who experience
and answer the questions given below it. anger explain its arousal as a result of "what has
Certain words/ phrases have been given in happened to them", psychologists point out that
bold to help you locate them while answering an angry person can very well be mistaken
some of the questions. because anger causes a loss in self-
Anger, also known as wrath or rage, is an monitoring capacity and objective observability.
intense emotional state involving a strong Modern psychologists view anger as a normal,
uncomfortable and non-cooperative response to a natural, and mature emotion experienced by
perceived provocation, hurt or threat. A person virtually all humans at times, and as something
experiencing anger will often experience physical that has functional value for survival.
effects, such as increased heart rate, elevated Uncontrolled anger can, however, negatively
blood pressure, and increased levels affect personal or social well-being and impact
of adrenaline and noradrenaline. Some view negatively on those around them. While many
anger as an emotion which triggers part of philosophers and writers have warned against
the fight or flight response. Anger becomes the the spontaneous and uncontrolled fits of
outside (a) feeling behaviorally, cognitively, and anger, there has been disagreement over the
physiologically when a person makes the _________value of anger. The issue of dealing
threatening(b) choice to take action to with anger has been written about since the
immediately stop the conscious (c) behavior of times of the earliest philosophers, but modern
another predominant (d) force. The English term psychologists, in contrast to earlier writers, have
originally comes from the term anger of Old also pointed out the possible harmful effects of
Norse language. suppressing anger.
Anger can have many physical and mental Three types of anger are recognized by
consequences. The external expression of anger psychologists: Hasty and sudden anger is

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
connected to the impulse for self-preservation. It intensity, it is neither a necessary nor a sufficient
is shared by human and other animals, and it condition for aggression.
occurs when the animal is tormented or trapped. People feel really angry when they sense that
This form of anger is episodic. Settled and they or someone they care about has been
deliberate anger is a reaction to offended, when they are certain about the nature
perceived deliberate harm or unfair treatment by and cause of the angering event, when they are
others. This form of anger is episodic. convinced someone else is responsible, and when
Dispositional anger is related more to character they feel they can still influence the situation
traits than to instincts or cognitions. Irritability, or cope with it. For instance, if a person's car is
sullenness, and churlishness are examples of the damaged, they will feel angry if someone else did
last form of anger. it (e.g. another driver rear-ended it), but will feel
Anger can potentially mobilize psychological sadness instead if it was caused by situational
resources and boost determination toward forces (e.g. a hailstorm) or guilt and shame if they
correction of wrong behaviors, promotion were personally responsible (e.g. he crashed into
of social justice, communication of negative a wall out of momentary carelessness).
sentiment, and redress of grievances. It can also Psychotherapist Michael C. Graham defines
facilitate patience. In contrast, anger can be anger in terms of our expectations and
destructive when it does not find its appropriate assumptions about the world. Graham states
outlet in expression. Anger, in its strong form, anger almost always results when we are caught
impairs one's ability to process information and to up “expecting the world to be different than it is".
exert cognitive control over one's behavior. An 8. Which of the following word is synonymous
angry person may lose their objectivity, empathy, for provocation according to the passage?
prudence or thoughtfulness and may cause harm A. Appeasement
to themselves or others. There is a sharp B. Perturbation
distinction between anger and aggression (verbal C. Palliation
or physical, direct or indirect) even though they D. Exoneration
mutually influence each other. While anger can E. None of the above
activate aggression or increase its probability or

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
9. Four words are given in bold. The sentence 11. Which of the following statements are not
is then followed by options with the correct true based on the passage given.
combination of words that should replace each I) Anger can potentially mobilize psychological
other in order to make the sentence resources and boost determination towards
grammatically and contextually correct. correction of wrong behaviors, promotion
Anger becomes the outside (a) feeling of social justice, communication of negative
behaviorally, cognitively, and physiologically when sentiment, and redress of grievances
a person makes the threatening(b) choice to II) Anger can be destructive when it finds its
take action to immediately stop appropriate outlet in expression.
the conscious (c) behavior of another III) Settled and deliberate anger is connected to
predominant (d) force the impulse for self-preservation. It is shared by
A. a-b human and other animals, and it occurs when the
B. b-c animal is tormented or trapped.
C. a-c, b-d A. Only III
D. a-d, b-c B. Both I & III
E. All of the above C. Both II & III
10. Which of the words in the following will fill D. Only II
the sentence? E. All of the above
While many philosophers and writers have 12. Which of the following is not an external
warned against the spontaneous and expression of anger according to the passage?
uncontrolled fits of anger, there has been A. Facial expressions
disagreement over the _________value of anger. B. Promotion of social justice
A. Intrinsic C. Body language
B. Volitional D. Physiological responses
C. Ancillary E. At times public acts of aggression
D. Allegiance
E. All of the above

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
13. What is the term recognized by C. Both II & III
psychologists for dispositional anger in the D. Only IV
passage? E. All of the above
A. Connected to the impulse for self-preservation Directions (15-21): Given below is a passage
B. Shared by human and other animals and it followed by some questions. Read the passage
occurs when the animal is tormented or trapped carefully and answer the questions that follow.
C. Reaction to perceived deliberate harm or Changes in the law, more specifically, new digital
unfair treatment by others privacy laws are absolutely necessary moving
D. Related more to character traits than to forward in our technology-driven world. From
instincts or cognitions protecting an individual’s right to privacy across
E. None of the above all digital platforms from misusing consumer
14. What does Psychotherapist Michael C. information, to protect (A) an individual’s right to
Graham define about anger in the passage? privacy from government intrusion across digital
I) Anger in terms of our expectations and platforms, our current privacy laws and torts have
assumptions about the world no bearing on this new “location” – or lack
II) Anger can potentially mobilize psychological thereof. (B) As some states are beginning to
resources and boost determination towards enact digital privacy movement (1), there fails to
correction of wrong behaviors, promotion be a national laws (2) to provide consistency
of social justice, communication of negative across (3) the United States.
sentiment, and redress of grievances (C) In 2015, California passed a _________
III) Graham states anger almost always results “Electronic Communications Privacy Act” which
when we are caught up “expecting the world to ______ “any state law enforcement agency or
be different than it is. other investigative _________ from compelling a
IV) An angry person may lose their objectivity, business to turn over any metadata or digital
empathy, prudence or thoughtfulness and may communications – including emails, texts,
cause harm to themselves or others. documents stored in the cloud – without a
A. Both I & III warrant”. The American Civil Liberties Union
B. Both I & IV named California’s Act the “most comprehensive

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
in the country,”. (D) State Senator Mark Leno knows no geographic boundaries. Digital privacy
spoke of the ________ of the law as it relates to laws – constitutional amendments specifically
the digital landscape that now exists: “For too geared towards digital privacy – must address the
long, California’s digital privacy laws have been right to privacy as it relates to the Internet, social
stuck in the Dark Ages, leaving our personal media, and other relevant digital platforms. The
emails, text messages, photos and smartphones laws must weigh national security concerns with
increasingly _______ to warrantless searches”. an individual’s right to privacy, and these laws
(E)While this law is certainly a step in the right must specifically address the online environment
direction for digital privacy, it unfortunately that the Internet and social media have created.
fails to account for the disclosure of other 15. Which of the following best replace /
information beneath social media platforms, replaces (A) in the given passage to make it
like self-disclosed data. grammatically and contextually correct?
Law professor and privacy law expert, Daniel J. I. To protecting
Solove, confirmed that current privacy laws are II. To protect with
not sufficient for digital privacy, which he called a III. To protect from
“privacy self-management model,” where users A) Only III
are informed of their legal rights and consent to B) Only I and II
data collection without knowing what it really C) Only II
entails. Solove condemned the biggest weakness: D) Only I
“It is impossible at the time of data collection for E) No correction required
a person to make a sensible judgment about the 16. Which of the following options has the
future privacy implications”. Furthermore, he correct sequence of the three words
argued it is unfair an assumption to conclude that mentioned in (B)?
all users read the lengthy terms of service or A) 321
terms of use that are agreed upon, or that these B) 213
particular terms are even enforced. C) 231
Digital privacy laws are vital, and must be D) 132
consistent throughout the country, as the Internet E) No arrangement required

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
17. The sentence (C) is given with three across social media platforms, like self-disclosed
blanks. Identify the correct triplet of words data.
that fit in the sentence to make it III. While that law is certainly a step in the right
grammatically and contextually correct. direction for digital privacy, it unfortunately failed
A) Derogative, allows, unit to account for the disclosure of other information
B) landmark, prohibits, entity under social media platforms, like self-disclosed
C) Absurd, denies, entity data.
D) Pilot, prohibits, agency A) Only III
E) Nascent, allows, entity B) Only I
18. The sentence (D) is given with two blanks. C) Only II and III
Identify the correct pair of words that fit in the D) No correction required
sentence to make it grammatically and E) Only II
contextually correct. 20. Which of the following puts more light on,
A) alienation, exposed “Digital privacy laws are vital, and must be
B) significance, protected consistent throughout the country, as the
C) importance, vulnerable Internet knows no geographic boundaries.” as
D) disadvantage, open mentioned in the passage?
E) fidelity, close I) Digital privacy laws should be enacted
19. Which of the following should replace (E) to according to the geographical location.
make it grammatically or contextually correct? II) The Internet doesn’t understand space and
I. While this law is certainly a step in the right therefore privacy laws should not be consistent
direction for digital privacy, it unfortunately fails throughout the country.
to account for the disclosure of other information III) Privacy laws are not the same everywhere and
over social media platforms, like self-disclosed for the merit of those laws, they should be
data. consistent as the internet is not restricted to any
II. While this law is certainly a step in the right particular place.
direction for digital privacy, it unfortunately fails
to account for the disclosure of other information

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
A) Only I 1960, passing through TCP/IP technology, today
B) Only II there is a social media system which brings us
C) Only III close as if time and distance stand reduced
D) Only I and II almost to zero. Social media brought the world so
E) Only II and III close that political and geographical boundaries
21. What is the author trying to highlight are crumbling. Time may come when netizenship
through “The laws must weigh national may surpass citizenship. The more people-to-
security concerns with an individual’s right to people communication is, the more is
privacy”? strengthening of relationships. This is the basic
A) The author is not trying to state that an principle of the political concept of nation
individual’s right to privacy is important and building in an information society, bonds grew
therefore national security depends on it. stronger. We are now heading up a world-order of
B) The author is undermining ‘right to privacy’ Net-state or states. In between, an ominous
because it is not a matter of national security. development of misuse of social media has
C) The author is skeptical about national security cropped up.
as well as ;right to privacy’. A serious problem is that the spread of
D) The author is trying to highlight the fact that misinformation can severely impact the decision-
‘right to privacy’ is as important as ‘national making process. This is because we are closer in
security’. the virtual world but far away in the physical
E) None of these world. It was way back in 1993, a cartoon
Directions (22 - 29): Read the passage and appeared in the New Yorker with the caption, “On
answer the questions that follow. Some of the the internet, nobody knows you’re dog”. Digital
words highlighted to help you to answer the culture has become so widespread that whatever
following questions. appears on the Net is readily accepted. Cross-
When the internet was created, perhaps no one check is almost nil. It is a dangerous trend. The
was aware of its potential. It was just a children today believe more in the popular search
convenience for sharing of information across engine than anything else. That is why fake news
some computers. Starting from ARPANET in goes viral almost instantly through social media

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
forwards. It has a cascading effect. Not only is C) ICNN must improve its working
the problem of magnitude but also in not being D) Both 2 and 3
able to find its source also. There have been stray E) None of these
incidents of online crimes time to time. 24) The basic concept of nation-building
Presently, the internet and its allied subjects are states-
affiliated (A) by ICANN. It is an agency within the A) All the information must be widely available to
USA. There is a need for placing it in the hands of all the people
a broad-based agency like UNO or one of its B) Relationships are not affected by the people
regulated (B) bodies. A suggestion is in but the political concepts
circulation that the internet should be placed C) Relationships grow strong when there is more
under the apprehension(C) of the IMF but at communication between people.
same time, there is an supervision (D) that D) Both 1 and 3
distributing the status quo may result in E) None of these
fragmentation of the existing system. But 25) “Not only is the problem of magnitude but
misinformation warfare is more dangerous than also is not being able to find its source also.”
conventional warfare. It has the potential to Whose ‘magnitude’ is being referred to in this
create a slow-paced disaster. sentence?
22) What might happen if the supervision of A) Social media
the internet shifts to another agency? B) Cascading effect
A) A breakdown of the existing system C) Fake News
B) Conventional Warfare D) Both 1 and 3
C) Mishandling of information E) None of these
D) Both 1 and 2 26) A cartoon appeared in the New Yorker with
E) None of these the caption, “On the internet, nobody knows
23) What suggestion is being made to regulate you’re dog”.
the internet? The sentence above is a _____ statement
A) IMF should supervise the internet A) Figurative
B) US, China and EU should split B) Collateral

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
C) Literal position, you have to interchange the words to
D) Figurine make the paragraph contextually and
E) None of these grammatically correct and if there is no
27) Why are the geographical boundaries interchange required mark ‘no interchange
crumbling? required’.
A) People excessively use social media Presently, the internet and its allied subjects are
B) People have become so close due to social affiliated (A) by ICANN. It is an agency within the
media USA. There is a need for placing it in the hands of
C) People have been misusing social media a broad-based agency like UNO or one of its
D) All of these regulated (B) bodies. A suggestion is in
E) Both 1 and 2 circulation that the internet should be placed
28) Which of these words is similar in meaning under the apprehension(C) of IMF but at same
to ‘surpass’? time, there is an supervision (D) that distributing
A) Exceed the status quo may result in fragmentation of the
B) Possible existing system.
C) False A) A-D & B-C
D) Visible B) A-B & C –D
E) Excellent C) A-C & B-D
29) In the below given paragraph the D) B-C
highlighted words in bold are given which may E) No interchange required
be correct or incorrect according to their

Answers and Explanations

Directions (1-7): RBI has accepted what other economists say.


1. Answer: A Hence option A is the answer.
The word would be replaced by an adjective Other word meanings:
which is confirmed. The sentence implies that Repudiated – refuse to accept, reject
Prompted – to cause something to happen
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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
Negated - make ineffective, nullify 7. Answer: B
2. Answer: B Here the word should be replaced by has risen.
The word would be replaced by a noun which is Hence option B is the answer.
momentum. The sentence implies a backslide in Directions (8-14):
economic momentum. Hence option B is answer. 8. Answer: B
Momentum – the ability to keep increasing or Perturbation – Agitation, provocation, commotion
developing Appeasement, Palliation – abatement, alleviation,
Other word meanings: succor
Impediment – something that makes it difficult Exoneration – acquittal, dispensation, remission
Deterrent - something that should stop you doing 9. Answer: D
something. Anger becomes the predominant (a) feeling
3. Answer: C behaviorally, cognitively, and physiologically when
The word would be replaced by the noun which is a person makes the conscious (b) choice to take
spending. The sentence implies that it had a loss action to immediately stop the threatening (c)
due to discretionary spending and unemployment behavior of another outside (d) force.
increases. Hence option C is answer 10. Answer: A
4. Answer: D Intrinsic – innate, inherent, congenital
The word would be replaced by a verb which is Ancillary - Extra, supplementary, additional
contracted. The sentence implies that something Volitional-Relating to the use of one’s will
is reduced month by month. Hence option D is Allegiance – devotion, fidelity, dedication
the answer. 11. Answer: C
5. Answer: A The correct form of the answer is
The blank should be filled by while. Hence option II) Anger can be destructive when it does not find
A is the answer. its appropriate outlet in expression.
6. Answer: E III) Settled and deliberate anger is a reaction to
Here the given word is correct. Hence no perceived deliberate harm or unfair treatment by
replacement is required. others. This form of anger is episodic
Option E is the answer.

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
12. Answer: B “To protecting” is correct and (D) is the correct
The external expression of anger can be found option.
in facial expressions, body language, 16. Answer: B
physiological responses, and at times public acts The whole passage talks about ‘privacy laws’ and
of aggression. therefore the best sequence is 213.
13. Answer: D 17. Answer: B
Dispositional anger is related more to character From reading the passage, we know that it is
traits than to instincts or cognitions. Irritability, talking about ‘Privacy laws’ and if California has
sullenness, and churlishness are examples of the passed an act that means it is towards protecting
last form of anger. privacy and also the blank needs an adjective.
14. Answer: A Therefore we need to select the option that has
Psychotherapist Michael C. Graham defines an adjective that appreciates the act and
anger in terms of our expectations and therefore ‘landmark’ is correct. Accordingly, (B) is
assumptions about the world. Graham states the correct option because other options have
anger almost always results when we are caught adjectives opposite in meaning. Again, The act is
up “expecting the world to be different than it is". passed so that it will protect user’s data and
Directions (15-21): make it inaccessible to someone who wants it for
15. Answer: D misuse. Therefore ‘prohibits’ is correct for the
English section of any competitive exam should second blank. The third blank contains “entity”.
not be a selection exercise, rather it should be an 18. Answer: C
elimination exercise. We should always try to The sentence before the sentence in question
eliminate options. That helps a great deal in the mentions that the union called the act
exam. ‘comprehensive’ which means we can infer that
Now, we might get confused with (A) being an the context is favoring the act. Therefore the
infinitive as ‘to’ is already there. But, if we read blank will also contain a positive adjective and
the sentence from start carefully, we will get to therefore option (C) is correct. (B) also contains a
know that the ‘to’ is a preposition for ‘from’ like similar adjective for the first blank but the second
for example ‘from India to America’. Therefore blank cannot fit with protected because the

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
second blank is in part where we are talking 23) Answer: A
about what happened before the act. It is mentioned that “A suggestion is in circulation
19. Answer: E that the internet should be placed under the
The correct tense for ‘fail’ and the preposition supervision of the IMF but at the same time…”
after ‘disclosure of other information……’is the Clearly, only option A is correct.
key to the answer. 24) Answer: C
20. Answer: C It is mentioned that “The more people-to-people
(C) is correct because (I) says privacy laws communication is, the more is the strengthening
should be different for every region which is of relationships. This is the basic principle of the
opposite to what the passage says and the same political concept of nation-building”.
way (II) also gets eliminated. The most appropriate answer is option C.
21. Answer: D 25) Answer: C
(D) is correct because the author has mentioned The following is stated in the passage. “That is
in the passage that laws must weight national why fake news goes viral almost instantly through
security with an individual’s right which is social media forwards. It has a cascading effect.
explained correctly in (D). Not only is the problem of magnitude but also in
Directions (22-29): not being able to find its source also.”
22) Answer: A The sentence clearly states that the magnitude
It is mentioned that “A suggestion is in circulation as well as the source cannot be recognized which
that the internet should be placed under the is a big problem. It refers to the magnitude of the
supervision of the IMF but at the same time, spread of fake news. No other option is correct.
there is an apprehension that distributing the 26) Answer: A
status quo may result in fragmentation of the Figurative Statement is a statement which uses
existing system. The USA, EU and China may figures of speech to explain your thoughts.
split apart. When speech or writing is not literal, it is
Clearly, only option A is correct. figurative.

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
Eg: I have a ton of homework (this doesn’t mean C) False means not according with truth or fact,
that the speaker actually has a ton/907 kg of incorrect.
homework to do). D) Visible means able to be seen.
Other options are rejected because: E) Excellent means extremely good, outstanding.
1. Collateral: is something pledged as security Clearly, ‘exceed’ is the correct word.
for repayment of a loan, to be forfeited in the 29) Answer: B
event of a default. The correct sentence is:
2. Literal: means taking words in their usual or Presently, the internet and its allied subjects are
most basic sense without metaphor or regulated by ICANN. It is an agency within the
exaggeration. USA. There is a need for placing it in the hands of
3. Figurine: is a statuette, especially one of a broad-based agency like UNO or one of its
human form. affiliated bodies.
The given statement is using figures of speech to Affiliated bodies: Affiliated Body means "Any
show how people accept everything on the Club, Society, Association or other body officially
internet without knowing the reality. Obviously recognised by the Association”
the given statement is not to be taken literally. So to make the sentence grammatically and
Hence, it is figurative. contextually correct we need to interchange the
27) Answer: B position of A and B.
The correct answer is option B. It is mentioned Another correct sentence:
that “Social media brought the world so close A suggestion is in circulation that the internet
that political and geographical boundaries are should be placed under the supervision of IMF
crumbling”. No other option gives the reason. but at same time, there is an apprehension that
28) Answer: A distributing the status quo may result in
Let’s look at the meanings of the given words- fragmentation of the existing system
A) Exceed means be greater in number or size Here in the second line of another paragraph an
than (a quantity, number, or other measurable ‘supervision’ is incorrect as it requires vowel
thing). sound also.
B) Possible means able to be done or achieved.

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Reading Comprehension for SBI Clerk Prelims
Apprehension (n): anxiety or fear that something need to interchange the position of C and D. So
bad or unpleasant will happen. option B is the right answer.
So to make sentence contextually correct we
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