The Great Gatsby

Theme

Superficiality versus Truth

Superficiality versus truth, or facade versus reality, permeates The Great Gatsby and is best
examined by looking at the characters of Jay Gatsby, Tom and Daisy Buchanan, and Jordan Baker.
Gatsby's entire existence personifies superficiality—from his pseudonym, to his fabricated past, to
the lavish parties he throws. Gatsby, in his pursuit of Daisy's love and the means he needs to secure
it, has become so focused and shallow that he struggles to be himself, which is clear in his
awkwardness when finally meeting Daisy at Nick's house. At his core, Gatsby is motivated by his love
for Daisy; he seeks power and money to be accepted among the wealthy and deserving of her love.
By the time this story begins, however, he is so entrenched in the lifestyle of the elite that he has
lost his way; he has given himself over to his goals and has lied for so long—even to himself—that he
is unable to recognize truth or achieve depth in his relationships. Nick discovers this early on when
Gatsby attempts to buy his friendship.

The Buchanans and Jordan Baker also lead superficial lives—directionless existences characterized
by luxury, wealth, power, and the never-ending pursuit for more.