What have I learned in Articles X, XI and XII?

The following highly significant provisions are found in Article X:

1. the establishment of independent territories in the Cordillera and Muslim Mindanao.

2. granting LGUs the authority to impose taxes, fines, and charges as well as to generate its own sources
of income.

3. providing a fair portion of the national taxes that will be automatically released to local governments.

4. granting local governments a fair portion of the income generated by the use and development of the
nation's wealth in their respective regions.

5. providing for regional development councils or other comparable organizations made up of local
government officials, regional heads of departments and other government offices, and representatives
from NGOs within the region for the purpose of administrative decentralization to strengthen the
autonomy of the units thereon and to hasten the development and growth of the units in the region on
both the economic and social fronts.

In Article XI, I have leaned about the Accountability of the Public Officers.
Public Office is the right, authority, and duty created and conferred by law by which a given period either
fixed by law or enduring at the pleasure of the appointing power.

The nature of Public Office are Public Trust- means Public Office Position should be of rendering service
to the public.;Public Office is not a Property- the holder of the office should not claim that he as the full
right and he owns his position. and;Public Office is not a Contract- anyone being removed from the office
should not blame the government for any damages he sue after being removed.
Impeachment is the method of national inquest into the conduct of Public Men.

Officials to be removed by the Impeachment are President and Vice-President,Member of the Supreme
Court, Members of the Constitutional Commission and Ombudsman

The grounds for impeachment are: Culpable Violation of the Constitution- willing to violate the
constitution. Treason- giving alliances other than the Republic of the Philippines. Bribery- accepting gift
which has a certain exchange.Betrayal of the Public Trust- loss of the trust of the public .Other High
Crimes

The steps on an Impeachment Trial

1.    Filling of an Impeachment complain from the House of Representatives.
2.    A required vote f 1/3 of the Member of House.
3.    Impeachment Trial in the Senate.
4.    2/3 vote of the senators to decide the faith of the one being impeached.

Penalty in Impeachment Case

1.    Removal to the Office.
2.    Disqualification to hold any office in the Republic of the Philippines.

The Ombudsman (Office of the Special Prosecutor)

-known as the “Tanodbayan”  
-serves as the WATCHDOG of the Government Offices and Agencies.

The Power of the Ombudsman is to investigate and prosecute

Ombudsman Personnel Appointment and Term of Office are:

1.    A list of at least 6 candidate should be passed by the Judicial and Bar Council to the President.
Confirmation of the Commission on Appointment is not needed.
2.    Qualifications:
a.    Natural Born Citizen of the Philippines
b.    Must be 40 years old on the time of their appointment
c.    Must be member of Philippine Bar
d.    Must have a recognized probity and independence
3.    Term of Office – seven years without reappointment in the Ombudsman.

According to Article XII, the national economy is a country's whole economic infrastructure. The main
goal in this article is to achieve economic growth and development, and improvement of the material
welfare of the people. All public lands, waters, minerals, coal, petroleum, and other mineral oils, all
prospective energy sources, fisheries, forests, or lumber, wildlife, flora, and fauna, as well as other
natural resources are all considered to be part of the nation's patrimony. Equity, growth, and
productivity are the national economy's three main objectives. Its goals include fostering
industrialization and full employment, protecting Filipino businesses from unfair foreign competition,
and creating a self-sufficient, independent, and national economy that is efficiently managed by
Filipinos. All natural resources with the exception of agricultural lands shall not be alienated unless with
the ordered by the government. The State is not authorized to alienate, not even Filipino citizens, the
natural resources of the country. Only agricultural lands of public domain may be alienated and only to
Filipino citizens. The Congress shall determine specific limits of forest lands and national parks.
Conservation of forest lands and national parks and prohibition of logging in endangered forests and
watershed areas. This article also recognizes the legal existence and identify of indigenous cultural
communities and their rights with respect to their ancestral lands. National economies are linked to
the expanding global economy. Short-term benefits of economic growth seem obvious: The
more businesses and nations that profit, the more individuals have jobs and resources and the
higher their standards of living.