UNIDAD EDUCATIVA PARTICULAR “SAN JOSÉ DE CALASANZ”

Name:…………………………………………………… Date: ……….…………………………….

Grade: 2do bachillerato Subject: History and Social Sciences

PART V: WHAT HAPPENNED DURING THE FRENCH REVOLUTION?

At the end of XVIII, France was

governed by Luis XVI. Society was
divided among a few privileged
(nobility and the clergy) and the plain
people constituted by the non-
privileged (bourgeoisie and poor
people). In 1789, money problems
forced the king to call the 'Estates
General' - a kind of parliament. He wanted to raise taxes.
The Estates did not give him more money, but
instead presented thousands of lists of
complaints, known as 'cahiers'.
When the king tried to close down the Estates,
the members took the 'Tennis Court Oath' on
20 June 1789. They declared themselves to be
the 'National Assembly' and promised to keep
meeting until the government was reformed
and a new constitution was drawn up.
They were supported by the mob, which
stormed the Bastille prison on 14 July 1789.
The National Assembly adopted the Rights of Man, which states that:
"Men are born free and remain free and equal in rights". They also
abolished feudal rules and set up a parliament, called the 'the Convention'
similar to Britain's.
However, in 1792 Austria and Prussia invaded hoping to intervene on
behalf of Louis XVI. A few weeks later the monarchy in France was
abolished and Louis XVI was executed in 1793.
In 1793 there was a rebellion in the Vendée against the new government
that lasted until 1796.
The Convention decided to "make Terror the order of the day", and set up
the Committee of Public Safety, led by Maximilien Robespierre.
It passed the Law of Suspects, which gave the government the right to
execute anybody who seemed a danger to the Revolution.

This started 'The Terror' – 40,000 people were executed.

 UNIDAD EDUCATIVA PARTICULAR “SAN JOSÉ DE CALASANZ”
Name:…………………………………………………… Date: ……….…………………………….
Grade: 2do bachillerato Subject: History and Social Sciences

WHAT CAUSED THE WORLD WAR TWO?

When the Great War finished,
Germany remained
devastated. Unemployment
and the economic crisis
became a big problem for the
country.
Adolph Hitler was able to
convince the German people
to give him the power to
improve conditions in Germany
and restore the country’s strength and dignity. He vowed to tear up the
Treaty of Versailles.
Hitler began invading Austria and Czechoslovakia. He also built up the
German army and their weapons. On September 1, 1939, Germany
invaded Poland. When that happened, Britain and France declared war on
Germany.
Germany made treaties with Italy and Japan. The three became the Axis
powers. Leaders of the Axis powers were Adolf Hitler, Emperor Hirohito
and Benito Mussolini. The countries that made up the Allied powers
included Russia, France, British Empire, United States, Romania, Serbia,
Belgium, Greece, Portugal and Montenegro. Major Leaders of the Allies
were Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill.
The war covered territories in Europe, the Pacific, the Atlantic, South-East
Asia, China, Middle East, the Mediterranean and Africa.
On December 7, 1941, Japan bombed Pearl Harbor in the Hawaiian Island.
The United States entered the war.
The number of U.S. soldiers who served in World War II was 16,112,566,
and the number wounded was 671,846. Over 100,000 Allied bomber
crewmen were killed over Europe. Nearly 62
million people died during and leading up to the
war.
The Allies dropped 3.4 million tons of bombs,
averaging of about 27,700 tons of bombs each
month. On August 6, 1945, the United States
dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan. A
B29 super fortress bomber, called the ‘Enola Gay’
dropped the bomb. On August 9, 1945, another
atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, Japan.
Over 225,000 people were killed or later died
from radiation poisoning in both these attacks. These attacks virtually
ended the war with Japan.
Adolf Hitler committed suicide on April 30, 1945. Germany surrendered on
May 8, 1945. On August 14, 1945, Japan surrendered. World War II ended
on August 15, 1945. The war not officially over until President Harry
Truman issued a “proclamation of formal cessation of World War II
hostilities”. This occurred on December 31, 1946.