The Second world War

Prepared by :
RyanTolentino
Nathaniel Coloma Vicente
Alrielle Daine Galiza Rabi
Devorah Jehn Pedro
Christine Joy Dafun
Charish Sahagun
Cathleen Luis
Ezekiel Quilala
 World War II was the biggest and
deadliest war in history, involving
more than 30 countries. Sparked by
the 1939 Nazi invasion of Poland,
the war dragged on for six bloody
years until the Allies defeated Nazi
Germany and Japan in 1945.

World War II began 21 years after

the end of World War I, but many
historians believe that the two wars
were part of one vast global
conflict. And it lasted 6byears, from
1939-1945.
 Causes
1. Treaty of Versailles
of World War II
Following World War I, the victorious
Allied Powers met to decide Germany’s
future. Germany would be forced to sign the
Treaty of Versailles. Germany had to accept
guilt for the war and to pay reparations.
Germany lost territory and was prohibited
from having a large military.
 The treaty of versailles paved way to the second for war for some reason. First,

1. The treaty was lengthy, and ultimately did not satisfy any nation. the
treaty ended up as a lengthy and confusing document that satisfied no
one
2. Aside from affecting Germany, the Treaty of Versailles might have
caused the Great Depression
3. The Versailles Treaty made World War II possible, not inevitable.
2. Economic Depression
The whole world was hit by an
economic depression in the late
1920s. In a depression, economies
shrink, trade is reduced,
businesses close, prices fall, banks
fail, and unemployment rises.
3. Germany’s Militarism
Hitler immediately began
secretly building up
Germany’s army and weapons.
Although Britain and France
knew of Hitler’s actions, they
thought a stronger Germany
would stop the spread of
Communism from Russia.
4. Failure of Appeasement
Appeasement meant agreeing to the
demands of another nation in order
to avoid conflict. During the 1930s,
politicians in Britain and France
began to believe that the Treaty of
Versailles was unfair to Germany
and that Hitler’s actions were
understandable and justifiable.
5.Failure of the League of
Nations
The League of Nations was an
international organization set up
in 1919 to keep world peace. It
was intended that all countries
would be members and that if
there were disputes between
countries, they could be settled by
negotiation rather than by force.
6. Japan’s Militarism
In 1931, Japan was hit badly
by the economic depression.
Japanese people lost faith in
the government. They turned
to the army in order to find a
solution to their economic
problems.
7. Japan seizes the Manchuria
Conflict in Asia began well before the official
start of World War II. Seeking raw materials to
fuel its growing industries, Japan invaded the
Chinese province of Manchuria in 1931. By
1937 Japan controlled large sections of China,
and war crimes against the Chinese became
commonplace. In 1939, the armies of Japan
and the Soviet Union clashed in the area of the
Khalkin Gol river in Manchuria. This battle
lasted four months and resulted in a significant
defeat for the Japanese.
8. Germany left the League of Nations
In the years following the Great War, international relations were tense, and the world
began to feel increasingly different. To ensure that nothing as terrible as World War I
ever happened again, the Allied Powers created the Treaty of Versailles and then the
League of Nations in order to maintain peace. However, these did not work well, and
this in conjunction with the Great Depression caused Germany to become an aggressor.
Appeasement in Europe allowed it to continue until finally, Germany’s behavior could
no longer be tolerated. Therefore, the failure of the League of Nations was the primary
cause of World War II because it led to a series of events that triggered German
aggression, ultimately causing World War II.
9. Great Depression
Some have claimed that the Great
Depression was the primary cause of
World War II. This faulty line of
thinking followed that, “Depression
caused political unrest I Germany,
leading the German people to become
desperate and willing to listen to
anyone”.
10. Italy invaded Ethiopia
Italo-Ethiopian War, (1935–36), an armed
conflict that resulted in Ethiopia's
subjection to Italian rule. Often seen as
one of the episodes that prepared the way
for World War II, the war demonstrated
the ineffectiveness of the League of
Nations when League decisions were not
supported by the great powers.
11. Civil War in Spain
The Spanish Civil War helped contribute to
WWII because it was a playground for the
new army of Hitler. Francisco Franco was a
Spanish general who wanted to set up a fascist
government instead of a Democratic one. The
Americans were inclined to help Democracy,
but it couldn’t be due to the neutrality acts,
and because of that, Germany was able to help
Franco with his new army to test out its
strength, and it clearly violated the treaties it
had to keep peace.
11. The Invasion in Czechoslovakia
The German occupation of Czechoslovakia was the final concession of the policy
of appeasement. Hitler's pacts with Italy and the Soviet Union gave him the
confidence to invade Poland. This act led Britain to declare war.
But the invasion of Poland wasn’t the first time German forces had been put to
work for Hitler’s goal of European domination. Previously, however, the other
European powers had pursued a strategy of appeasement, giving Hitler what they
deemed reasonable concessions, in order to avoid all-out war. That strategy
reached its apex when the three parties signed the Munich Agreement on Sept. 30,
1938, giving Hitler the German-speaking part of Czechoslovakia, known as the
Sudetenland, on the condition that he would not invade any more territory. But six
months later, in March of 1939, Hitler violated the Munich Agreement by
absorbing all of Czechoslovakia.
12. Germany Invade Poland
After roughly 1.5 million German soldiers,
more than 2,000 airplanes and more than
2,500 tanks crossed the Polish border on Sept.
1, 1939, the British gave Nazi dictator Adolf
Hitler an ultimatum: pull out of Poland, or
else. Hitler ignored the demand, and two days
later, on Sept. 3, 1939, Britain and France
declared war. Thus, began World War II, and
this weekend Vice President Mike Pence will
travel to Poland to mark the anniversary of
that event.
The Outbreak of
the 2nd World
War
The War in Europe
August, 1939
The Russians and the Germans sign a non-aggression pact. Adolf Hitler and
Hoseph Stalin agree not to invade each other's borders. The two leaders
secretly plan to divide Poland and other parts of Eastern Europe between
them.
September, 1939: World War II Begins
Employing blitzkrieg (literally, "lightning war") tactics, Germany invades
Poland. Polish military forces are unprepared for the ferocity of Germany's
attack. When efforts to negotiate a withdrawal fail, Britain and France declare
war on Germany. World War II begins.
May, 1940
As Germany marches into Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands, Winston
Churchill replaces a disgraced Neville Chamberlain, the man responsible for the
appeasement of Hitler, as prime minister of Great Britain.

June, 1940
Germany captures Paris, and France surrenders to the Nazis. Exacting revenge for his
nation's defeat in the first World War, Hitler forces French officials to sign surrender
papers in the same railroad car in which Germans signed the armistice of 1918.

July 10, 1940

The Battle of Britain begins. A three-month battle fought in the skies over Britain will
include destructive bombing raids on London and other cities, but by the end of October
the British will hand Hitler his first defeat
 The Outbreak of the 2nd World War
The War in United States and Pacific
- The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, was the impetus for the United States’
entrance into World War II.

- The United States declared war on Japan the following day, December 8. On December 11, Nazi Germany,
Japan’s Axis ally, declared war on the United States. This forced the United States to enter a two-front war.

- In the first months after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japan had great military success. A turning point
came in June 1942 at the Battle of Midway. It was the first time that Allied forces were able to make
headway in the Pacific.

- In August 1945, the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki. As a result, approximately 120,000 civilians died. Japan formally surrendered in September 1945.
The End of the 2nd World War
and the Changes it brought
The fall of Germany
- The Allied landed at Normandy on June 6, 1944, and opened a second front in
Europe, and Germany’s abortive offensive at the Ardennes marked the Third
Reich’s final push in the west.
- Soviet forces were closing in from the east, invading Poland and East Prussia.
- The Red Army had entered Austria, and both fronts quickly approached Berlin.
- In April, Allied forces pushed through the German defensive line in Italy.
- Adolf Hitler committed suicide on April 30.
- World War II ended with the unconditional surrender of Germany in May 1945.
The Victory in the Pacific
October 20, 1944
General Douglas MacArthur as the head of the largest US fleet of transport and
warships, and accompanied by Commonwealth President Sergio Osmeña and Gen.
Carlos P. Romulo, landed on Palo, Leyte to reclaim the Philippines from the
Japanese together they liberated the Philippines from the clutches of the Japanese
invaders.

August 6, 1945
an American B-29 bomber dropped the world’s first deployed atomic bomb over
the Japanese city of Hiroshima. The explosion immediately killed an estimated
80,000 people; tens of thousands more would later die of radiation exposure.
August 8, 1945
the Soviet Union declared war on Japan and invaded Manchuria and Sakhalin Island.

August 9, 1945
second atom bomb is dropped on Japan by the United States, at Nagasaki, resulting
finally in Japan's unconditional surrender.

August 15, 1945

Victory over Japan (VJ) Day,Japanese Emperor Hirohito broadcast the surrender to the
Japanese people on Radio Tokyo.

September 2, 1945
This day marked the formal signing of the Instrument of Surrender aboard the
battleship USS Missouri in Japan’s Tokyo Bay.
Consequences and Effects of World War II

1. Heavy Loss of Lives

2. Loss of Property
3. Division of World Into Two Blocks and Beginning of the Cold War
4. Wave of Democratic Changes in the World
5. End of Colonialism
6. Truman's Declaration of Faith
7. The Marshall Plan
8. The Molotov Plan (COMECON)
9. Establishment of United Nations Organization (UNO)
The United Nations
 United
Click to edit Master Nations
title style
The United Nations is an international
organization founded in 1945 after the Second
World War by 51 countries committed to
maintaining international peace and security,
developing friendly relations among nations and
promoting social progress, better living
standards and human rights.
MAJOR
Click toCONTRIBUTIONS OF UN
edit Master title style
- promoted and strengthened democratic institutions and practices around the
world, including by helping people in many countries to participate in free and
fair elections

- maintained international peace and security, developing friendly relations

among nations and promoting social progress, better living standards and
human rights.

- served as the codification of humanitarian and especially human rights law.

Function
Click toofedit
United Nations
Master title style
The U.N. is not a government and does not have the authority to establish
binding laws. It rather employs the power of influence.

Every member votes at the General Assembly, thus the United Nations' choices
represent the majority of its members' values and goals.
How does United Nations is Organized?
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The primary components of the U.N. The General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and
Social Council, International Court of Justice, and Secretariat comprise the Organization.

The General Assembly is made up of representatives from all member countries. It develops
the mandates that drive the day-to-day operations of the boards and councils that report to it.

The Security Council is the most powerful United Nations body. unit. Its mission is to
maintain peace.

All U.N. Members must follow Security Council decisions, and when necessary, the Council
authorizes peacekeeping forces to restore order.
The Economic and Social Council conducts research, establishes worldwide standards, and
Click to edit Master title style
pushes for advancement in areas such as sustainable development, humanitarian aid, and
financial development.

The International Court of Justice is based in the Dutch city of The Hague. It settles
international legal problems.

The Secretariat is in charge of the organization's day-to-day operations. It is divided into

various departments and offices, each with its own set of tasks. The Secretary-General is
appointed by the Security Council.

The Trusteeship Council, which used to oversee the Trust Territories, decided to close in
1994 after the final remaining United Nations. Palau's trust territory gained independence.
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