THE SECOND WORLD WAR

1st September 1939 To 2nd september 1945

PRESENTED BY:
K.SATHVIK REDDY-22H51A6689
D.PRANAY-22H51A6677
MUKESH-22H51A6694
Causes of world war 2
 CAUSES OF
SECOND WW
 Dissatisfaction with Treaty of Versailles:
 After WWI, instead of solving the problem, Treaty of
Versailles created more problems.
 On the basis of revenge, Germany was asked to give away her
territories & colonies, pay heavy compensations. reduce
military & naval power and was humiliated and forced to sign
it.
 Germany was looking for an opportunity to get rid of this
Treaty and this was not possible without aggressive foreign
policy.
 So, the war was inevitable (unavoidable).
 CAUSES OF SECOND WW
 Rise of Fascism and Nazism: Rise of Dictatorship in
Italy and Germans was another important cause
which led to WWII.
 Mussolini opposed Treaty of Versailles and followed
aggressive foreign policy. LN couldn't stop Italy and
its Dictator: Mussolini.
 Similarly in Germany, Hitler opposed Treaty of
Versailles and even he followed rearmament and
aggressive foreign policy and had started acquiring
new territories,
 Hitler and Mussolini took the countries of the world
towards another World War.
 CAUSES OF SECOND WW
 Policy of Appeasement: Policy of Appeasement means accepting the
hostile demands of an aggressive nation to gain peace
 England & France believed that Germany & Italy had reason to tight and
so followed appeasement policy towards both the nation with the hope
that would stop them from going to war again. They also didn't want
Germany & Italy to join Russian Communists. So they allowed Germany
to get its territories back.
 If England and France would not have followed this policy, Fascism and
Nazism would not have taken other countries of the world towards War.
 CAUSES OF SECOND WW
 Japanese invasion of China : Japan's ambitions rose after WWI.
 LN opposed Japan not to enter Manchuria, Still Japan attacked
Manchuria.
 In 1931, Japan invaded China.
 China asked LN to help. But France & England did not pay any attention
to it.
 Japan joined Berlin & Rome and formed Berlin-Rome-Tokyo Axis. Japan
left LN and started acquiring British and American properties in China.
 England & France followed Policy of Appeasement and allowed Japan to
weaken China. Thus, the war was inevitable.
 CAUSES OF
SECOND WW
 Failure of League of Nations:
 LN was formed to avoid Wars,
 USA didn't join LN.
 Even the members who had joined LN weren't following the principles of
LN.
 LN could stop small nations. But bigger nations didn't pay attention to
LN.
 Countries like Italy & Germany weren't even considering LN's existence.
 LN failed to maintain world peace. LN members themselves entered into
military alliances and took the countries of the world towards the war.
 CAUSES OF SECOND WW
 Hitler‘ invasion of Poland:
 Hitler invaded Poland on 1 September 1939 for the following reasons
 Treaty of Versailles had divided Germany into two parts in order to give
Poland land route to Poland upto the sea. Port of Danzing was also given
to Poland.
 Through Danzing, Germany could get connected with East Prussia.
 Germany had accused Poland for being unjust with the Germans staying
there. Germany had signed non-aggression with Russia in August 1939.
And attacked Poland in September.
 AXIS POWERS/ALLIED
POWERS

 Germany + Italy + Japan

 Axis Powers
 Britain + France + USA
 =Allied Powers
 ENTRY OF USA INTO WARS
 USA was Strictly neutral during the war.
 However, later USA decided to help Britain and China in order to keep
itselt safe.
 Japan knew that USA, had a US Pacific Fleer based at Pearl Harbour in
Hawaii.
 On December 7, 1941 Japan launched a secret aerial attack on Pearl
Harbour. Battleships were sunk and airfields were destroyed. 3700 were
killed
 Japanese didn't destroy the ship repair workshops and didn't destroy US
carriers.
 As a results the damaged ships were repaired and back in action.
 AMERICANS REPLY TO JAPAN
 Americans attacked SW Pacific islands controlled by Japan.
 US destroyed fleet of Japan. Still Japan had strong control in China.
 Japanese in Philippines, young pilots formed KAMIKAZE (suicide air
corps) landing planes loaded with explosive weapons. Even civilians
where trained to use variety of weapons. This made it more challenging
 Long before attacking Japan, US had worked and successfully tested it
first atomic bomb. After debate, the decision of using the bomb was taken.
BOMBING HIROSHIMA
&NAGASAKI

 Before dropping the atomic bombs on Japan, they dropped leaflets

warning about the deadly weapon advising
 Japanese people and government to end the fighting, On August 6, 1945
the first atomic bomb was dropped at Hiroshima. It destroyed half of the
city Hiroshima killing thousands
 Inspite of that Japanese didn't surrender, so another bomb was dropped at
Nagasaki on August 9,1945.
 On September 2, 1945, Japan finally surrendered.
 After 6 long years, WWII ended.
 CONSEQUENCES OF WWII
 1. Defeat of Axis Powers: By 1942, the tide started flowing against Axis Powers
(Germany, Italy & Japan). Allied powers (Britain, France, Soviet Union, USA)
had recaptured many territories. Italy was defeated. Rhine was recaptured &
finally defeated Germany. Hitler committed suicide after defeat on April 30, 1945.
 Then it was japan turn. British liberated
 Myanmar ,Philippines. singapore and other countries japan was asked to surrender
but it did not do that so had to face the consequences in the form of bombing at
hiroshima and nagasaki
 CONSEQUENCES OF WWII
 After war Axis Powers had to face following consequences:
 1. Germany was divided into zones and each zone was under the army of
Allied Powers. (West Germany: Federal Republic Germany-FRG & East
Germany:
 German Democratic Republic- GDR) 2. Japan and Italy also became very
weak. Till 1952,
 American army controlled Japan. 3. Japan was forced to return all
territories acquired forcefully.
 CONSEQUENCES
OF WWII
 2. Formation of UN:
 After two wars and failure of LN, in 1945- Roosevelt (President of USA),
Churchill (PM of Britain) and Stalin (Premier of USSR) in a meeting
decided to form UN.
 They invited all nation at San Francisco conference and drew Charter of
the UN.
 'On October 24, 1945 UNO was established.
 CONSEQUENCES
OF WWII
 Cold War:
 During WWII, USSR and USA fought together. However, towards the
end the harmony between the two decreased.
 Extreme political tension was created due to two nations.
 The state of tension where one country strengthens itself and weaken
other with armed conflict is termed as Cold War.
 The world was divided into two power blocs:
 A) and Capitalist Bloc (Western Bloc) led by USA
 B) Communist Bloc (Eastern Bloc) led by USSR