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2022年1 4月单词填空新题(附:2021全年题库)
2022年1 4月单词填空新题(附:2021全年题库)
Some mitochondrial functions are performed only in specific types of cells. For exa----,
mitoch------ in li--- cell con---- enzymes th-- allow th-- to deto----- ammonia, a wa--- product t-
protein metab-----. A mutation in the genes regulating any of these functions can result in
mitochondrial diseases.
参考翻译
一些线粒体功能仅在特定类型的细胞中发挥。例如,肝细胞内的线粒体含有能使它们解毒氨的酶,氨是
蛋白质代谢的废物。调节这些功能的基因发生突变可导致线粒体疾病。
真题答案
waste of metabolism
A st-- , f-- example, will rad---- a spec---- with str--- or we-- absorption ba--- , wh--- are derter-----
by th-- quantities o- different ga--- on o-- surface. The science of recording and measuring
参考翻译
这种特定波段选择性吸收光的特性在天文学中很重要,因为它可以让天文学家确定一个遥远物体的化学
性质。例如,一颗恒星会辐射出具有强或弱吸收带的光谱,这是由其表面不同气体的数量决定的。记录
和测量这些线的科学叫做光谱学。
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真题答案
In United States law, a reversible error is an error of sufficient gravity to warrant reversal of a
judgment on appeal. It i- an er--- by t-- trier o- law(judge), o- the tr--- of fa-- (t-- jury,or t-- judge
i- it i- a be--- trial), o- malfeasance b- one o- the try--- attorneys, which res--- in a- unfair tr--- . it is
to be distinguished from harmless errors which do not rise to a level which brings the validity of
the judgment question and thus do not lead to a reversal upon appeal.
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参考翻译
在美国法律中,可逆转的错误是指严重程度足以使上诉判决被推翻的错误。这是法律审判官(法官)或事实
审判官(陪审团,如果是法官审判,则是法官)的失误,或审判律师之一的渎职行为,导致不公平审判。这
与无害的错误是不同的,无害的错误不会上升到使判决的有效性受到质疑的程度,因此不会在上诉时导
致撤销判决。
真题答案
or by of trying results an
trial
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As a nation we are immensely disturbed by the recent rise of amateur terrorist attacks. We
wholehe-------, condemn t-- tragedy i- Manchester, and of--- our symp---- to t-- citizens invo----.
We v-- to gi-- assistance i- every conce------ way. We shall not allow any further torment.
参考翻译
作为一个国家,我们对最近兴起的业余恐怖袭击深感不安。我们衷心谴责发生在曼彻斯特的悲剧,并向
相关公民表示同情。我们争相以一切可能的方式提供援助。我们不能再受任何折磨了。
真题答案
A distributed operating system manages a group of distinct computers and makes them
appear to be a single computer. The devel------ of netw----- computer th-- could b- linked a--
communicate wi-- each ot--- gave ri-- to distr----- computing. Distributed comput------ are
car---- out on-- more ta-- one mac----. when computers in a group work in cooperation. They
参考翻译
分布式操作系统管理着一组不同的计算机,使它们看起来像是一台计算机。可以相互连接和通信的网络
计算机的发展导致了分布式计算的出现。分布式计算在多台机器上进行。当一组计算机协同工作时,它
们就形成了一个分布式系统。
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真题答案
Alcuin was a proponent of education and wrote thought fully on Christian religion.Considered
t-- greatest sch---- of h-- day, he bec--- the king's confidant a-- adviser. He bro---- his inte---- in
linr----- to t-- king's co---. He was also a tutor to the king and his sons, teaching them liberal arts,
参考翻译
阿尔昆是教育的支持者,写过关于基督教的文章。他被认为是当时最伟大的学校,成为国王的知己和顾
问。他把自己对图书馆的兴趣带到了宫廷。他也是国王和他儿子的导师,教他们文科、神学和占星术。
真题答案
Software quality is very important, especially for commercial and system software like
Microsoft Office, Microsoft Windows and Linux. If soft----- is fau---(bu---),it c-- delete a person's
wo--,cr--- the comp---- and d- other unexp----- things. Faults a-- errors a-- called ‘bugs’ which
a-- often disco----- during al--- and be-- testing. Software is often also a victim to what is known
unseen bugs.
参考翻译
Linux。如果软件有故障(bug),它可以删除一个人的工作,使计算机崩溃,并做其他意想不到的事情。
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真题答案
beta
The geological Record appears to show that ice ages start when the continents are in
positions which block or reduce the flow of warm water from the equator to the pole sand
thus allow ice sheets to form. The i-- sheets incr---- Earth's reflec------ and th-- reduce t--
absorption o- solar radi-----. with le-- radiation abso--- the atmos----- cools; the coo---- allows t--
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ice she--- the gr--, wh--- further incr----- reflectivity i- a posi---- feed back lo--. The ice age
continues until the reduction in weathering causes an increase in the green house effect.
参考翻译
地质记录似乎表明,当大陆的位置阻碍或减少了从赤道到两极的温暖水流,从而使冰盖形成时,冰河时
代就开始了。冰原增加了地球的反射率,从而减少了对太阳辐射的吸收。随着吸收的辐射减少,大气变
冷;降温使得冰盖扩大,这进一步增加了正反馈回路中的反射率。冰河时代一直持续,直到风化作用的减
少导致温室效应的增加。
真题答案
Alleged violations of the Charter can also be raised by states in the Security Council.The
Security Council co--- subsequently pa-- resolutions un--- chapter VI of t-- UN charter to
reco----- the``Pacific Resolution of Disp---,'' Such reso------ are n-- binding un--- international I--,
tho--- they usu---- are expre----- of t-- Council's convi------. In rare cases,the Security Council can
of the Peace and Acts of Aggression, "which are legally binding under international law,and
can be followed up withe conomic sanctions,military action,and similar uses of force through
参考翻译
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违反《宪章》的指控也可由安全理事会成员国提出。安理会随后可以根据《联合国宪章》第六章通过决
议,建议“和平解决争端”。“这些决议根据国际法是没有约束力的,虽然它们通常表达了安理会的信
念。在极少数情况下,安理会可以根据《联合国宪章》第七章通过有关“对和平的威胁、破坏和平和侵
略行为”的决议,在国际法下具有法律约束力,并可在联合国主持下采取经济制裁、军事行动和类似的
武力使用。
真题答案
convictions
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The values and institutions of the Revolution dominate French politics to this day.The Revolution resulted i- the
suppr------ of t-- feudal syst--,t-- emancipation o- the indivi---, t-- greater divi---- of lan-- property, the abol----- of
参考翻译
革命的价值观和制度至今仍主导着法国政治。革命的结果是封建制度的废除,个人的解放,土地产权的更大分割,贵族特权的废除和
平等的确立。法国大革命与其他革命的不同之处在于它不仅仅是一个国家的革命,它的目标是造福全人类。
题库真题一
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The Netherlands has introduced a new system of health care insurance based on risk equalization through a risk
equalization pool. In th-- way, a compu----- insurance pac---- is avai----- to a--- citizens a- affordable co-- without the
need f-- the ins---- to b- assessed f-- risk b- the insu----- company.Furthermore, health insurers are now willing to take on
high-risk individuals because they receive compensation for the higher risks.
题目分数值:120 分以上
参考翻译: 荷兰通过风险均衡池引进了一套基于风险均衡的新医疗保险制度。这样,所有公民都能以负担得起的成本获得强制性一揽
子保险,而不需要保险公司对被保险人进行风险评估。此外,健康保险公司现在愿意雇用高风险的个人,因为他们可以得到更高风险
的补偿。
题库真题二
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The Orphic religion, which taught reincarnation, about the 6th century BC, organized itself into mystery schools at Eleusis
and elsewhere, and produced a copious literature. Orpheus,its lege----- founder,is sa-- to ha-- taught th-- the immo----
soul asp---- to fre---- while t-- body ho--- it pris----. the wh--- of bi--- revolves, the so-- alternates bet---- freedom a-- captivity
ro--- the wi-- circle o- necessity, Orpheus proclaimed the need of the grace of the gods, Dionysus in particular, and of
self-purification until the soul has completed the spiral ascent of destiny to live for ever.
题目分数值:120 分以上
说中的俄耳甫斯是它的创始人,据说他曾教导人们不朽的灵魂渴望自由,而身体却囚禁着灵魂。生命之轮是转动的,灵魂在自由和囚
禁之间交替,围绕着广阔的必然圈。俄耳甫斯宣称需要诸神的恩典,尤其是酒神狄俄尼索斯,需要自我净化,直到灵魂完成了永生的
螺旋上升。
题库真题三
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Only female mosquitoes feed on blood; male mosquitoes feed on plant nectar and do not transmit the disease. The
fem--- of t-- Anopheles ge--- of mosq---- prefer t- feed a- night. They usu---- start sear----- foe a meal a- dusk a-- will cont----
throughout t-- night un--- taking a meal. Malaria parasites can also be transmitted by blood transfusions, although this is
rare.
题目分数值:120 分以上
参考翻译: 只有雌蚊以血为食;雄性蚊子以植物花蜜为食,并不传播这种疾病。按蚊属的雌蚊喜欢在夜间进食。它们通常在黄昏时开始
寻找食物,并会持续整个晚上直到吃到一顿饭。疟疾寄生虫也可以通过输血传播,尽管这很罕见。
题库真题四
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After World War II ended, many people who participated in The Holocaust were captured and put on trial at the
Nuremberg Trials. However,the peo--- running t-- trials h-- to fig--- out h-- to de-- with t-- crimes th--- people h-- committed
dur--- the holocaust, At th-- time,courts co--- try people for w-- crimes. But the courts had never seen a case where a
题目分数值:120 分以上
参考翻译: 第二次世界大战结束后,许多参与大屠杀的人被捕,并在纽伦堡审判。然而,进行审判的人必须弄清楚如何处理这些人在
大屠杀期间犯下的罪行。那时,法庭可以审判犯战争罪的人。但法庭从未见过一个政府对本国公民犯下如此可怕的罪行。
题库真题五
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Most available weblog software can be divided into two categories, hosted software and independent software.hosted
soft---- resides o- the ser--- of t-- software prov---- and i- normally acce---- via a wed inte----- independent soft---- needs t-
be downl----- from t-- software prov---- and inst----- on yo-- own Web server. There are advantages and disadvantages to
each approach.
题目分数值:120 分以上
参考翻译: 大多数可用的博客软件可以分为两类,托管软件和独立软件。托管软件驻留在软件提供商的服务器上,通常通过网页界面
访问。需要从软件提供商下载独立软件,并将其安装在您自己的网页服务器上。每种方法都有优点和缺点。
题库真题六
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After the growth phase comes the maturity phase, or a period of time when growth levels off and a peak is reached. It i-
during th-- phase th-- the gover----- will typi----- correct fl--- in t-- make a-- promote n-- technologies. The fi-- can eit-- invest
i- new id--- or exp---- ideas i- an att---- to sp--- growth.The market will then play out in response to changes by the
government or firm.
题目分数值:120 分以上
参考翻译: 在成长阶段之后是成熟期,也就是一段增长平稳并达到顶峰的时期。在这一阶段,政府通常会纠正市场缺陷并推广新技术。
公司既可以投资新想法,也可以探索新想法以加速增长。然后市场会对政府或公司的变化做出反应。。
题库真题一
1. The tone of you text conveys an attitude. Whether i- is inten------ or uninte-------, yo-- attitude c-- be eas--- determined
b- the lang---- you u-- when adre----- your rea---. Never include anything in the text you would be embarrassed if a large
audience read.
题目分数值:105-115 分
题目翻译:文章的语气传达了一种态度。无论是有意的还是无意的,你的态度很容易由你在称呼读者时使用的语言决定。“永远不要
在文本中包含任何会让很多观众读到的东西”(安德森,261)。
题库真题二
2. In the ancient era, most land was held by the aristocracy. During t-- 7th cen--- BCE,demographic expa----- and t--
distribution o- successions cre--- tensions bet--- these lando----- and t-- peasants, in athens, t-- crisis w-- resolved b- Solon's
ref----, wh--- eliminated de-- bondage a-- protected t-- peasant cl--,Nonetheless, the Greek aristocrat’s domains
题目分数值:120 以上
题目翻译:
在古代,大部分土地都归贵族所有。在公元前 7 世纪,人口扩张和继承权的分配造成了土地所有者和农民之间的紧张关系。在雅典,
梭伦的改革消除了债务束缚,保护了农民阶级,从而解决了危机。尽管如此,与罗马大庄园相比,希腊贵族的领地仍然很小。
题库真题三
3. The way in which media attention works can be exploited to produce ignorance. Other fac---- that infl----- it a-- that
corpor------ or gover------- do n-- reveal cer--- facts. At ti---,th-- force th--- facts t- be rem---- if th-- have be-- revealed. The
methods they use include censorship, destroying documents, putting the weight of certain facts differently, or being
inattentive or forgetful.
题目分数值:120 以上
题目翻译:人们可以利用媒体关注的方式来制造无知。影响它的其他因素是公司或政府没有揭示某些事实。有时,如果这些事实已经
被揭露,他们会强制将其删除。他们使用的方法包括审查、销毁文件、以不同的方式衡量某些事实的重要性,或疏忽或健忘。
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题库真题四
4. The pancreas, liver, and gallbladder are essential for digestion. The pan--- produces enz---- that he-- digest prot----,
fa--,a-- carbohydrates, the li--- produces bi-- that he--- the bo-- absorb f--,a-- the gallb------ stores t-- bile un--- it i-
needed.The enzymes and bile travel through special channels called ducts and into the small intestine where they help
题目分数值:120 以上
题目翻译:胰脏、肝脏和胆囊是消化所必需的。胰腺产生酶帮助消化蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物,肝脏产生胆汁帮助身体吸收脂肪,
胆囊储存胆汁直到需要时。酶和胆汁通过特殊的管道进入小肠,帮助分解食物。
题库真题五
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5. Today, scientists know what foods have phenylalanine in them, and have created a special diet for people with PKU.
People wi-- PUK can’t eat fo--- that ha-- a lot o- phenylalanine, li-- eggs, me-- and mi--. An artif----- sweetener cal---
aspartame i- also a sou--- of phenyl-------. people with PKU take a lot of vitamins to make up for the foods they can't eat,
题目分数值:120 以上
的食物,比如鸡蛋、肉和牛奶。一种叫做阿斯巴甜的人造甜味剂也是苯丙氨酸的来源。PKU 患者服用大量维生素来弥补他们不能吃的
食物,特别是维生素 B6 和 B12。
题库真题六
6. The Reich President in reply said firmly that he must answer this demand with a clear, unyielding No. He co--- not jus----
before GOD, bef--- his consc-----,o- before t-- Fatherland t-- transfer o- the wh--- authority o- government t- a sin-- party,
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especially t- a pa--- that w-- biased aga---- people w-- had diff----- views fr-- their o--.There were a number of other
reasons against it, upon which he did not wish to enlarge in detail, such as fear of increased unrest, the effect on foreign
countries, etc.
题目分数值:120 以上
题目翻译:德意志总统坚决地回答说,他必须以明确、坚决的“不”来回答这个要求。他不能当着上帝的面,当着自己的良心的面,
或当着祖国的面,为把整个政府权力移交给一个政党辩护,特别是移交给一个对与自己意见不同的人有偏见的政党。反对它的理由还
有许多,他不愿详细说明,如担心动乱加剧、对外国的影响等。
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题库真题一
1. Cthulhu is one of the great old ones, a group of powerful being from another place that now inhabit Earth,waiting to
rise up(when the stars are right) and destroy the human race s o they can rule the planet. The old
do n--- hate hum---, th-- just d- nor ca-- about th--. They th--- of hum--- as i- they co--- be an--.Also, their appearance is so
unlike anything of this world, that it is said that any human who so much as gazes upon one of them will go insane.
题目分数值:120 分以上
题目翻译:
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克苏鲁是古老的伟大生物之一,他们是一群来自另一个地方的强大生物,现在居住在地球上,等待着崛起当恒星是正确的)并摧毁人类,以
便他们可以统治这个星球旧旧的既不善良也不邪恶,这意味着它们不憎恨人类,只是不关心人类。他们认为人类就像蚂蚁一样。而且,它
们的外表与这个世界上的任何东西都不一样,据说任何一个人只要看到它们之一,就会发疯。
题库真题二
2. Mr smith’s office was very small, it h--- a b-- window, but n--- a l--- of li--- came thr---- because i- was di---.
his books------ were fu-- of bo--- and fi---, a--- his de-- was me----, there was a pretty rug on the floor, but it was covered in
dirt.
题目分数值:105-115 分
题目翻译:
史密斯先生的办公室很小。它有一个很大的窗户,但是没有太多的光线射进来,因为它很脏。他的书架上堆满了书和文件,他的桌子也很
乱。地板上有一块很漂亮的地毯,但上面全是泥土。。
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题库真题三
3. As the Earth spins, it appears to us that the celestial sphere is spinning. It sp--- about t-- Earth’
s po--, s- that t--- celestial po--- appear stati----- and t-- stars a--- planets se-- to mo-- in cir---- around t-- pole . stars move
at 15 deg an hour.
题目分数值:105-115 分
题目翻译:
当地球自转的时候,在我们看来天球也在自转。它绕着地球的极点旋转,所以天极看起来是静止的,而恒星和行星似乎是绕着地极绕圈运
动。恒星每小时移动 15 度。
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题库真题四 4. Sadly, Jane’s cat died this Tuesday. The c-- had be-- suffering f-- some ti--,a-- after Jane
ceased ,medic----- he qui---- passed aw--. I wo--- like t- drop b- soon t- comfort h-- if i haveti--. A sympathetic friend is
题目分数值: 105-115 分
题目翻译:
她。在这些时候,一个富有同情心的朋友总是让人感激的。
题库真题五 5. Guest were horrified to learn that the meal that had been served for dinner was in fact contaminated by
bad seafood.
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Before t-- long i- theeve---, peo--- whoh-- dined o-- the me--- began t-feel sh--- stomach pa---, a-- had t- consult wi--ther
题目分数值: 105-115 分
题目翻译:
客人们惊恐地得知,这顿晚餐实际上被变质的海鲜污染了。没过多久,吃了菜单上的菜的人就开始感到剧烈的胃痛,不得不去看住院医生。
许多客人愤怒地要求退款。
2021 年 2 月 1 日-2021 年 2 月 23 日
题库真题一 1. Artificial life is the simulation of any aspect of life, as through computers, robotics or biochemistry.
The st---of arif------ life imit---- traditional bio---- by recre----- some asp--- of biol----- phenomena.
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Scientists st--- the lo--- of liv--- systems b- creating artif----- environment-seeking t- understand t-- complex infor------ proce
ssing th-- defines su-- system, While life is, by definition alive, artificial life is generally referred to as data confined to a
题目分数值:120 分以上
题目翻译:
人工生命是对生命的任何方面的模拟,比如通过计算机、机器人或生物化学。人工生命的研究是模仿传统生物学,通过重现生物现象的某
些方面。科学家通过创造人工环境来研究生命系统的逻辑—试图理解定义这类系统的复杂信息处理过程,根据定义,生命是有生命的,
但人工生命通常是指局限于数字环境和存在的数据。
题库真题二 2. The official language in Slovenia is Slovene, which is a member of South Slavic language group. In 2002,
Slovene w-- the nat--- language o- around 88% o- Slovenia’s population acco----- to t-- census, wi-- more th-- 92%
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of t-- Slovenian population speaking i- in th--- home envir------. This statistic ranks Slovenia among the most homogeneous
题目分数值:105-115 分
题目翻译:
超过 92%的斯洛文尼亚人在家里说斯洛文尼亚语。根据主要母语使用者的比例,这一统计数据将斯洛文尼亚列为欧盟中最同质的国家之
一。
题库真题三 3. Simulates an induct-or. The cir---- exploits t-- fact th-- the cur----
flowing thr---- a capa----- behave thr---- time a- the vol---- across a- induct-or. The capacitor used in this circuit is smaller
the induct-or it simulates and its capacitance is less subject to changes in value due to environmental changes.
题目分数值:120 分以上
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题目翻译:
模拟一个电感器。该电路利用了这样一个事实流过电容器的电流在时间上的表现就像流过电感器的电压一样。该电路中使用的电容比
它所模拟的电感小,其电容受环境变化值的影响较小。
theater,Many o- my fri---- are act---,a-- they inv---- me to- help wi-- the pl--,I a-certainly n-- an ac---! But I going to help
题目分数值: 105-115 分
题目翻译:
今年夏天,我将在镇剧院帮忙演一出戏。我的很多朋友都是演员,他们邀请我帮忙演这部戏。我当然不是演员但我要帮忙处理灯光和声音。
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题库真题五 5. After command byte 7, each time a character is sent to the display, the cursor remains is the same physical
position and all the displayed characters move left by one place, Another w-- to s--it i- that the
16x2 phys---- display mo--- one pl--- to t-- right o- the vir---- display s- that, for exa----, i- it w-- displaying col---- 1-16,
it th-- displays col---- 2-17, To see the next you print, you would first have to move the cursor to the right side of the display,
otherwise everything you display would immediately by shifted off the left edge of the display, and would only re-appear
on the right edge when you had printed another 24 characters(24 because the virtual display is 40 characters wide and
题目翻译:
在命令字节 7 之后,每次一个字符被发送到显示时,光标保持在相同的物理位置,所有显示的字符向左移动一位。另一种看待它的方式
4 个字符宽宽物理 16)
答案:
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