Uyghur language

The Uyghur or Uighur language (/ˈwiːɡʊər, -ɡər/;[3] ‫ئۇيغۇر تىلى‬, Уйғур тили, Uyghur tili, Uyƣur tili,
IPA: [ujɣur tili] or ‫ئۇيغۇرچە‬, Уйғурчә, Uyghurche, Uyƣurqə, IPA: [ujɣurˈtʃɛ], CTA: Uyğurçä; formerly
known as Eastern Turki), is a Turkic language written in a Uyghur Perso-Arabic script with 8-11
million speakers,[1] spoken primarily by the Uyghur people in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous
Region of Western China. Significant communities of Uyghur speakers are located in
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan, and various other countries have Uyghur-speaking
expatriate communities. Uyghur is an official language of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous
Region; is widely used in both social and official spheres, as well as in print, television, and radio;
and is used as a common language by other ethnic minorities in Xinjiang.[4]
 Uyghur

Uighur

‫ئۇيغۇر تىلى‬, Уйғур тили, Uyghur tili,

Uyƣur tili, Uyğur tili

"Uyghur" written in Perso-Arabic script

Pronunciation [ʊjʁʊrˈtʃɛ], [ʊjˈʁʊr tili]

Native to China

Ethnicity Uyghurs

Native speakers 8-11 million[1] (2021)

Language family Turkic

Common Turkic
Karluk
Uyghur

Early forms Karakhanid

Chagatai
Eastern Turki

Dialects Central Uyghur

Khotan
Lopnor

Writing system Uyghur alphabets (Uyghur Perso-Arabic alphabet

(official), Uyghur Cyrillic alphabet, Uyghur Latin
alphabet, Uyghur New Script)

Official status

Official language in China[2]

Xinjiang

Regulated by Working Committee of Ethnic Language and

Writing of Xinjiang

Language codes

ISO 639-1 ug (https://www.loc.gov/standards/i

so639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?iso_6
 39_1=ug) Uighur, Uyghur

ISO 639-2 uig (https://www.loc.gov/standards/

iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?code
_ID=471) Uighur, Uyghur

ISO 639-3 uig Uighur, Uyghur

Glottolog uigh1240 (http://glottolog.org/reso

urce/languoid/id/uigh1240)   Uighur

Geographical extent of Uyghur Language in China (Xinjiang) and outskirts of Xinjiang.

0:03

Say "Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia" in Uyghur: ‫ ئوچۇق ئېنسىكلوپېدىيە‬، ‫ۋىكىپېدىيە‬

Uyghur belongs to the Karluk branch of the Turkic language family, which includes languages
such as Uzbek. Like many other Turkic languages, Uyghur displays vowel harmony and
agglutination, lacks noun classes or grammatical gender, and is a left-branching language with
subject–object–verb word order. More distinctly, Uyghur processes include vowel reduction and
umlauting, especially in northern dialects. In addition to other Turkic languages, Uyghur has
historically been strongly influenced by Arabic and Persian, and more recently by Russian and
Mandarin Chinese.

The modified Arabic-derived writing system is the most common and the only standard in
China,[5] although other writing systems are used for auxiliary and historical purposes. Unlike
most Arabic-derived scripts, the Uyghur Arabic alphabet has mandatory marking of all vowels
due to modifications to the original Perso-Arabic script made in the 20th century. Two Latin and
one Cyrillic alphabet are also used, though to a much lesser extent. The two Latin-based and the
Arabic-based Uyghur alphabets have 32 characters each; the Uyghur Cyrillic alphabet also uses
two iotified vowel letters (Ю and Я).

History

Classification

Status

Phonology

Orthography

Grammar

Lexicon

See also

References

Further reading

External links
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Last edited 5 days ago by Ogress