Grade 3A

Diagram
I. Basic knowledge

The word diagram simply means a drawing or a visual. In math, we use many types of
diagrams. Venn Diagrams, bar graphs, basic drawings, pie charts, and tape diagrams are
only a few of the diagrams used to solve problems. It is likely you have either used or seen
at least one of these diagrams.

Vocabulary
New word Meaning New word Meaning
Diagram Dart
Tally Mark
Record Land

Race

II. Examples:

EXAMPLE 1

(AMC_ 2010): The following tally was made by a Year 4 class about the pets they had at
home.

Which one of the following statements is correct?

(A) There were more birds than fish.
(B) There were more dogs than cats.
(C) The class had 30 pets altogether.
(D) The most popular pet was a cat.

EXAMPLE 2

(AMC - 2004):
 Grade 3A

How many students play tennis at the weekend?

(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 9 (E) 12

III. Exercises:

(AMC_2010): The number of cars in the family of each child in a class is recorded.

Which one of the following statements is

true?

(A) Two families have two cars each.

(B) Six families have at least two cars

each.

(C) Four families have exactly one car

each.

(D) Every family has at least one car.

(E) Three families have exactly two cars each.

 Grade 3A

(AMC_2015): Five swimmers were in a 50 m race in this graph. Who won the race?

(A) George
(B) Ethan
(C) Franco
(D) Henry
(E) Ivan

(AMC_2015): The graph below shows the number of pets owned by the students in a
Year 4 class.

How many pets does this class have altogether?

(A) 24 (B) 22 (C) 21 (D) 14 (E) 4
 Grade 3A

(AMC_2009): Given the roads and distances marked below, how far is it by road, in
kilometres, from Cobra to Kairo?

(A) 30 (B) 45 (C) 60 (D) 71 (E) 80

(AMC_2009): Some friends are playing darts. Their darts

land at the points (6,7), (2,3), (7,6), (3,5) and (1,6). Which
dart scored the highest?
(A) the dart at (6,7)
(B) the dart at (2,3)
(C) the dart at (7,6)
(D) the dart at (3,5)
(E) the dart at (1,6)

(AMC – 2010) 100 people were asked to name their favourite place to visit in Australia.
Their five favourite places were:
 Grade 3A

How many more people voted for Sydney Harbour Bridge than for Phillip Island?
(A) 40 (B) 20 (C) 10 (D) 5 (E) 7

(AMC - 2010) Use the diagram to find which of the boxes is the lightest.
 Grade 3A

Age problems
I. Basic knowledge
The difference of two people’s ages will remain the same.
The multiple of one’s age to another will change with time.

Vocabulary

New word Meaning New word Meaning

Ago
Later
In … years’ time

II. Examples:
EXAMPLE 1
Kevin is 8 years old. His father is 34 years old. In how many years’ time will his
father’s age be three times Kevin’s age?
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
ANS:

EXAMPLE 2
The sum of the ages of Andy and his parents is 72. In how many years’ time will the
sum of their ages be 90?
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
ANS:

III. Exercises:

Shane is 8 years old. His mother is 38 years old. How many years ago was his
mother’s age 6 times his age?

Laura is 13 years old. Her sister is 10 years old. How old will each of them be
when the sum of their ages is 63?
 Grade 3A

Colin is 10 years old. His granny is 62 years old. In how many years’ time will
his granny’s age be 5 times his age?

The sum of a father’s age and his son’s age is 60. Eight years ago, the father’s
age was 3 times that of his son. How old is each of them now?

Julie is 25 years younger than her mother. Her mother’s age is 6 times her age.
How old is each of them?

The sum of Geoff’s age and his sister’s age is 22. When will the sum of their
ages be 40?

The sum of Melvin’s age and his mother’s age is 58. His mother is 23 years
older than his brother. Melvin’s brother is 5 years older than him. How old is
each of them?

Ronnie is 9 years old. He asked his cousin about her age. His cousin replied,
“When you reach my age, I will be 33 years old”. How old is his cousin?

In three years’ time, the sum of Justin’s age and Stanley’s age will be 33.
Justin’s age is also the difference between his own age and Stanley’s age. How
old is Justin? How old is Stanley?
 Grade 3A

Lesson 23: Page-number problem

I. Basic knowledge

Categorize the page numbers as one-digit, two-digit, three-digit, etc.

For example: Page 1 to Page 9: 9 page numbers
Each page number requires: 1 digit
9 page numbers require 9 digits.
Page 10 to Page 99: 99-10+1=90 page numbers
Each page number requires: 2 digits
90 page numbers require: 902=180 digits
Page 100 to 999: 999-100+1=900 page numbers
Each page number requires 3 digits.

Vocabulary
New word Meaning New word Meaning
Digit Missing
Exactly Remaining

II. Examples:

EXAMPLE 1

Sharon bought a 140-page book. How many digits have been used for the page numbers
in the book?
Ans: …………………………………………………………………………………......................................
………………………………………………………………………………….................................................
………………………………………………………………………………….................................................
………………………………………………………………………………….................................................

EXAMPLE 2

Exactly 195 digits have been used to number the pages in a book. How many pages does
the book have?
Ans: …………………………………………………………………………………......................................
………………………………………………………………………………….................................................
 Grade 3A

………………………………………………………………………………….................................................
………………………………………………………………………………….................................................

III. Exercises:

How many digits are used for printing the page numbers of a book that has 185 pages?

A book uses 390 digits altogether for its page numbers. How many pages does the book
have?
How many digits are there from numbers 1 to 200?

How many digits are used for the page numbers in a book that has 325 pages?

The book has 88 pages. How many times is the digit ‘4’ used for the book numbering?

There are 200 pages in a storybook. How many times does the digit ‘5’ appear in the
page number?

A book uses 519 digits for printing its page numbers. How many pages has the book?

A page was missing from a 72-page book. When Cindy added up the remaining page
numbers, the sum was 2521. Which page was missing?
 Grade 3A

Lesson 24: IKMC problems

I. Basic knowledge
International Mathematical Kangaroo is an international mathematical competition where
over 50 countries are represented. There are twelve levels of participation, ranging from
grade 1 to grade 12. The competition is held annually on the third Thursday of March.
The competition is a multiple choice test that runs for 75 minutes. It consists of 24
questions for students up to 4th grade, and 30 questions for other students. The sections
for 3 point, 4 point, and 5 point questions are equally divided. The minimum score is 0. The
maximum score is 96 points for students up to 4th grade, and 120 points for other
students. There is a penalty for an incorrect answer, and no penalty for skipping a question.

Vocabulary
New word Meaning New word Meaning
Identically Afterwards
Calculation Decorate
Distinct Raisin

Statement Nut

II. Examples:

EXAMPLE 1

(Q1 – IKMC 2012) Basil wants to write the word MATHEMATICS on a sheet of paper. He
wants different letters to be coloured differently, and the same letters to be coloured
identically. How many colours will he need?
(A) 7 (B) 8 (C) 9 (D) 10 (E) 13
Ans: …………………………………………………………………………………......................................
………………………………………………………………………………….................................................
………………………………………………………………………………….................................................
………………………………………………………………………………….................................................

EXAMPLE 2
 Grade 3A

(Q5 – IKMC 2012) 13 children are playing hide and seek. One of them is the “seeker” and
the others hide. After a while 9 children have been found. How many children are still
hiding?
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 9 (E) 22
Ans: …………………………………………………………………………………......................................
………………………………………………………………………………….................................................
………………………………………………………………………………….................................................
………………………………………………………………………………….................................................

III. Exercises:

(Q2 – IKMC 2013) Aline writes a correct calculation. Then she covers two digits which
are the same with a sticker:

Which digit is under the stickers?

(Q8 – IKMC 2013) About the number 325, five boys said:
Andrei: ”This is a 3-digit number”
Boris: ”All digits are distinct”
Vitya: ”The sum of the digits is 10”
Grisha: ”The units digit is 5”
Danya: ”All digits are odd”
Which of the boys was wrong?
(A) Andrei (B) Boris (C) Vitya (D) Grisha (E) Danya
 Grade 3A

(Q10 – IKMC 2013) When Pinocchio lies, his nose gets 6 cm longer. When he tells the
truth, his nose gets 2 cm shorter. When his nose was 9 cm long, he told three lies and
made two true statements. How long was Pinocchio’s nose afterwards?
(A) 14 cm (B) 15 cm (C) 19 cm (D) 23 cm (E) 31 cm

(Q8 – IKMC 2015) My umbrella has KANGAROO written on top. It

is shown in the picture on the right.

Which of the following pictures also shows my umbrella?

(Q13 – IKMC 2012) Among Nikolay’s classmates there are twice as many girls as boys.
Which of the following numbers can be equal to the number of all children in this class?
(A) 30 (B) 20 (C) 24 (D) 25 (E) 29

(Q10 – IKMC 2012) Three balloons cost 12 cents more than one balloon. How much
does one balloon cost?
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 10 (E) 12

(Q11 – IKMC 2012) Grandmother made 20 gingerbread biscuits for her grandchildren.
She decorated them with raisins and nuts. First she decorated 15 cakes with raisins and
then 15 cakes with nuts.
At least how many cakes were decorated both with raisins and nuts?
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 8 (E) 10

(Q24 – IKMC 2015) Anna, Berta, Charlie, David and Elisa were baking cookies during
the weekend. Over the whole weekend Anna made 24 cookies, Berta 25, Charlie 26,
 Grade 3A

David 27 and Elisa 28. After the whole weekend one of them had twice as many cookies
as after Saturday, one 3 times, one 4 times, one 5 times and one 6 times as many. Who
baked the most cookies on Saturday?
(A) Anna (B) Berta (C) Charlie (D) David (E) Elisa