Destin 1

DESTINATION COMPETITIVENESS AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF
RESIDENTS IN SENATOR NINOY AQUINO,

SULTAN KUDARAT
A Research
Presented to the Faculty of
Tourism and Hospitality Management
STI College Tacurong
In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management
Janine Justine L. Moreno

Rochelle Joy E. Borjel
Shainna Hope B. Cerbas
Ronalyn M. Jeroso
January 2023
ENDORSEMENT FORM FOR FINAL DEFENSE
TITLE OF RESEARCH: Destination Competitiveness and Quality of Life

of Residents’ of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan
Kudarat
NAME OF RESEARCHERS: Janine Justine L. Moreno

Ronalyn M. Jeroso
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements

for the degree Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management
has been examined and is recommended for Final Defense.
ENDORSED BY:
Aimee Marie P. Tayson, MBA

Research Adviser
APPROVED FOR FINAL DEFENSE:
Mary Jubimille O. Casuyon

Research Coordinator
NOTED BY:

Program Head
December 2022
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APPROVAL SHEET
This research entitled: Destination Competitiveness and Quality of Life of Residents’
of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat prepared and submitted by Janine Justine
L. Moreno; Rochelle Joy E. Borjel; Shainna Hope B. Cerbas; and Ronalyn M.
Jeroso, in partial fulfillment of the Bachelor of Science degree requirements in Tourism
Management, has been examined and is recommended for acceptance and approval.

Research Adviser
Accepted and approved by the Research Panel

in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management
Noel G. Ramoga, MBA Michael M. Flores, MBA

Panel Member Panel Member
Jose T. Decena, DBA

Lead Panelist
NOTED BY:
Engr. Leila B. Guerrero, Ph. D.

Academic Head
December 2022
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The researchers would like to thank the following:
To the Research Coordinator, Ms. MARY JUBIMILLE O. CASUYON, this paper would
not have been completed without your assistance and dedicated involvement in every step
of the process, the researchers would like to extend their heartfelt appreciation for your
patience and understanding.
To the Research Adviser, Ms. Aimee Marie P. Tayson, MBA, thank you so much for
your utmost support and enthusiasm in teaching and guiding the research on how to
construct a better study. You’ve been an incredible adviser and this paper would be
nothing without your comparable pieces of advice.
To the Panelists, thank you so much for helping the researchers to fill in essential and
relevant information for their research. All of your feedbacks supports and improve their
research study.
To the researcher’s Parents and/ or Guardian, for giving moral and financial support and
for giving the researchers love, concern, words of wisdom and encouragement inspiring
them in doing their best for the completion of this tourism research.
To their Friends and inspirations, for giving the researchers an ideas and support that
contribute significantly to their research. All of your wisdom guided them to fulfill the
requirements in their study.
The researchers would like to thank the ALMIGHTY GOD who looks up, give strength,
guide and secure the safety and security of the researchers in accomplishing this study,
and for giving them the capability of thinking ideas and how they could express it
broadly.
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ABSTRACT
Title of research: Destination Competitiveness and Quality of Life of Residents’
of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat
Researchers: Janine Justine L. Moreno

Ronalyn M. Jeroso
Degree: Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management
Date of Completion: June 2023
The study examined whether increasing tourism competitiveness in destination leads to

increase of social welfare for the host communities, and explore how destination
competitiveness has affected the residents’ livelihoods in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan
Kudarat. The paper uses a framework of four factors of the tourism cluster to investigate
how destination competitiveness has affected the quality of life of the residents of
Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat. The study uses correlational research design and
quantitative data collection. Three hundred ninety-three (393) respondents were selected
randomly using stratified sampling as the researcher divides a more extensive population
into smaller groups to represent the entire population. The research findings show that
individuals’ life satisfaction is not guaranteed, although a destination may appear
successful. The research findings show that economic development achieved through
tourism competitiveness in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat does not always
translate to increased social welfare. The study concluded that there is a significant
relationship between destination competitiveness and the residents’ quality of life. Also,
the study found out that Senator Ninoy Aquino success has brought an improvement in
the quality of life of the residents’ but only to a limited extent.
Keywords: destination Competitiveness, quality of life, Philippines
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Title Page i
Endorsement Form for Final Defense ii
Approval Sheet iii
Acknowledgments iv
Abstract v
Table of Contents vi
List of Tables vii
List of Figures viii
List of Abbreviations ix
Chapter I: Introduction 1
Background of the Study 1
Research Questions 2
Significance of the Study 3
Scope and Limitations 4
Chapter II: Review of Related Literature 6
Chapter III: Conceptual Framework 10
Chapter IV: Research Methodology 13
Chapter V: Presentation and Discussion of Findings 20
Chapter VI: Conclusions and Recommendations 26
References 28
Appendices 35
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LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
1 Likert Scale for Quality of Life 15
2 Likert Scale for Destination Competitiveness 15
3 Correlation Analysis 19
4 The overall number and percentage of the respondents 20
5 Socio-demographic Profile of the Respondents in terms of Age 21
6 Socio-demographic Profile of Respondents in terms of Sex 21
7 Socio-demographic Profile of Respondents in terms of income level 21
8 Level of Destination Competitiveness 22
9 Level of Quality of Life 23
10 Correlation between destination competitiveness and quality of life 24
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
1 Conceptual Framework 10
2 Locale of the Study 14
3 Data Gathering Procedure 16
4 Percentage Formulation 17
5 Mean Formulation 18
6 Pearson Correlation Coefficient Formulation 18
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Definition of Terms
The following terms are explained conceptually and operationally as used in the study to
help you understand it better.
Term Definition
Destination It is a destination’s capacity of having competitive advantage over
Competitiveness the competitors. This competitiveness is supported by the
destination’s core resources and attractions, destination
management, demand conditions, and complementary conditions.
Core Resources This are the main resources and attractions of a destination that
and Attractions arouse the interest and curiosity of the tourist to visit the
destination. These are comprised of endowed resources such as
natural, heritage and cultural resources, and created resources such
as festivals, entertainment and tourist activities that bring
memorable experience.
Destination It is how a destination manage their resources. This also includes

Management the involvement of the government, organizations, and the
participation of the local people.
Demand Refers to the increasing demand for goods and services. It also
Conditions pertains the enough supply of those demands by a destination to
provide the needs of tourists and the local people.
Complementary These are the accommodation facilities, transportation facilities,

Conditions food services, general infrastructure, accessibility, regulation and
hospitality that adds value to the core resources of a destination.
Quality of Life It refers to a person’s view of their own life preferences and life
satisfaction based on their aspirations, standards, goals, and
concerns.
Material Living It is a person’s standard of living which focuses on their income,

Condition consumption, and material conditions such as money and
properties.
Productive It refers to a person’s quality of employment.

Natural and This are the natural and living environment where the person lives.
Living
Environment
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Managing a destination's competitiveness has become a big part of the global tourism
industry. It is because more countries are competing for potential tourist markets now that
there are more emerging destinations. In general, the presence of tourists can generate
advantages or disadvantages for the local population, resulting in increases or decreases
in local well-being (Bimonte et al., 2019). The study considers whether growing tourism
competition leads to increased social welfare for host communities and then explores how
destination competitiveness has affected the residents’ livelihoods in Senator Ninoy
Aquino, Sultan Kudarat.
The study is structured in four factors of the tourism cluster from Kim and Wicks'
Tourism Cluster Development Model, which is briefly indicated before the research
methodology is presented. Determining the level of competitiveness of destinations is
integral in measuring the performance of a destination compared to its competitors
(Hanafiah, 2017). Examining a competitive destination's socioeconomic prosperity is
crucial since it indicates potential for growth in terms of wealth, education, the local
environment, and citizen wellbeing (Chin & Hampton, 2020). As a result, this may affect
income and wealth distribution changes, thus affecting the overall quality of life.
In recent years, tourism development and its relationship to enhancing people's quality of
life have received much attention. Studies have shown that locals are more likely to
support tourism and participate in tourism activities if there is a favorable benefit-cost
ratio (Chin & Hampton, 2020). It also gives credence to the fact that the long-term
success of tourism development is more likely when residents' perspectives are taken into
consideration during the development process (Woo et al., 2020). Stephens and Patridge
(2015) describe how the innovation of amenities or local leisure possibilities will likely
increase residents’ welfare. Competitiveness at a national level symbolizes an upgrade in
the standard of living, the creation of future job opportunities, and increased real income
for prospective people. There is a clear correlation between a destinations
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competitiveness influenced by tourism growth and the degree of its citizens' quality of
life, according to related study in the area. Every destination must choose how to ensure
the welfare and quality of life of its members as community development is a significant
component of tourism growth that is beneficial to boost locals’ welfare (Küçükaltan et
al., 2016).
Various study about destination competitiveness are mostly focused on its impact to the
tourist satisfaction. To bridge the gap, this study is an opportunity to investigate the
effects of destination competitiveness to the quality of life of the residents and explore if
this competitiveness will lead to increase of social welfare to the local people. The
research concludes that socioeconomic prosperity is not guaranteed, although a
destination may appear successful. The research findings show that economic prosperity
achieved through tourism competitiveness in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat,
does not always translate to increasing social welfare for the host communities.
Research Questions
This study aims to determine the influence of destination competitiveness on quality of
life of residents in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat.
Specifically, it seeks to find answers to the following questions:
1) What is the socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Age;
1.2 Sex; and
1.3 Income level?
2) What are the level of destination competitiveness in terms of:
2.1 Core resources and attractions;
2.2 Destination management;
2.3 Demand conditions; and
2.4 Complementary conditions?
3) What is the level of quality of life in terms of:
3.1 Material living conditions;
3.2 Productive; and

3.3 Natural and living environment?
4) Is there a significant relationship between destination competitiveness and quality of
life of residents’ in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat?
Hypothesis
The null hypothesis is tested at a 0.05 level of significance:
Ho : There is no significant relationship between destination competitiveness and
residents’ quality of life in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat.
Significance of the Study
This study seeks to determine the level of destination competitiveness and quality of life
of residents’ in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat. Thus, this study is beneficial for
the following:
To the community, this study will give research-based data about the effect of
destination competitiveness on the host community’s quality of life.
To the Local Government Unit, this study might give them relevant knowledge for they
can practice and apply in their field to attain sustainable development, a highly
competitive environment, increase gainful workers, and improvement of areas and
services to continually achieved tourists’ satisfaction.
To the researchers, this study could help them improve their skills in research by
analyzing facts and reliable data.
To future researchers, this study will serve as educational material to relate to future
research.
Research Objectives
This study aims to determine the influence of destination competitiveness on quality of
life of residents in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat.
Specifically, it seeks to find answers to the following questions:

1. To identify the socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 Age;

1.2 Sex; and
1.3 Income level.
2. To determine the level of destination competitiveness in terms of:
2.1 Core resources and attractions;
2.2 Destination management;
2.3 Demand conditions; and
2.4 Complementary conditions.
3. To determine the level of quality of life in terms of:
3.1 Material living conditions;
3.2 Productive; and
3.3 Natural and living environment.
4. To determine if there is a significant relationship between destination competitiveness
and quality of life of residents of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat.
Scope and Delimitations

The general intent of this study is to find out the level of destination competitiveness and
quality of life of residents in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat. This study will limit
its coverage only to the residents of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat. Its main
purpose is to determine the level of competitiveness of a tourism destination and its
prevalent effects on the residents’ quality of life. Respondents of this study will be the
residents of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat, with any social status, any sex, and
age ranging from 18 to 55. Furthermore, the study will no longer disclose any private
information regarding the respondents. Additionally, this study will be carried out from
September 2022 to January 2023.

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter will discuss the destination competitiveness and individuals’ views of the
quality of life and justify why the present study focused on the latter.
Destination Competitiveness
Competitiveness of the destination plays a vital role in the growth, performance, and
development of the destination (Abou-Shouk et al., 2022). Destination Competitiveness
boosts the capacity of a destination for tourism expenditure and visitor arrivals by
offering them enjoyable, lasting experiences while doing profitably and sustainably,
which will improve the quality of life for locals and protect the environment for future
generations (Wong, 2019). Destinations are vital building blocks for the tourism
experience and may be described in various ways. From a supply-side perspective, this
description highlights the organizations that operate within a destination and which,
through collaboration and competition, build and market a range of experiences offered
for sale or consumption by tourists (Prideaux et al., 2014). In the study of Zandivuta
(2021), entitled "The impact of perceived destination competitiveness on tourist-based
destination brand equity in emerging destinations," he noted that destinations have
resorted to the widespread use of the promotion. It is to raise awareness of the qualities
that set them apart from the competitors in an increasingly cutthroat global tourism
market. Consequently, their ultimate goal is to develop sustainable travel brands
(Streimikiene et al., 2020). Theoretical and practical insights demonstrate that locations
can only build long-lasting brands by providing travelers with travel experiences and
products that are functionally and experientially distinct from those of their competitors.
It highlights the significance of destination competitiveness in developing destination
brand equity dependent on traveler spending.
The core resources and attractions drives visitors to choose one location over another,
which should ultimately provide them with memorable experiences. Attraction is also a
core component of tourism as it prominently known as “tourist attractions” because they

tend to attract tourists. It is also the places, people, events, and things that make up the
objects of the tourist gaze and attract tourists to destinations (Benckendorff, 2015). The
four components of core resources are created resources which are natural resources,
cultural and heritage resources, and created resources which are the resources that allure
and increase tourists' satisfaction by encouraging diversity and individuality in the
tourism experience (Hanafiah, 2017). The two ideas of tourism and the natural
environment seem to have a close relationship as a result of the growing interest among
visitors in visiting the natural world (Hall & Page, 2014). Previous studies have shown
that culture and heritage, as represented by historical and archeological sites, artistic or
architectural elements, and cultural attractors, increase the attractiveness of tourism
destinations and constitute a significant motivational drive for potential visitors
(Hanafiah, 2017). Core resources and attractions promote destination competitiveness
and performance resulting in mass of tourist arrivals benefitting and boosting local’s
wellbeing (Mohammad et al., 2017). While supporting resources are hygiene factors that
reinforce core resources without necessarily having a direct impact on the destination's
image per se, one could argue that they serve as motivating factors for a favorable
destination image (Ndubisi et al., 2021).
The destination management factor "focuses on those activities that can strengthen the
appeal of the core resources (Chin & Hampton, 2020). Destination management directly
influence the technology, policy, people, community, context, and the natural
environment (Della Corte et al., 2017). It is also the process of developing, directing, and
modifying elements that take part in the development of a distinctive tourism product for
a location where people successfully achieve predetermined socioeconomic goals by
cooperating in groups (Bosnić et al., 2014). Particularly locals begin to see the income
that tourism can generate for their community, and it give local residents a voice in the
creation and management of tourism-related projects in their locality (World Travel and
Tourism Council, 2018). Therefore, destination management is indispensable in
balancing up pros and cons, boosting businesses and local residents’ livelihoods,
protecting the environment and balancing supply and demand (Revfine, 2021).

The demand conditions refer to home market demand for a specific good or service
(Porter, 2021). Thus, influencing product innovation and improvement refers to the size
and makeup of the consumer base for a certain good (James & Kvilhaug, 2022). It is also
describing as the type and scope of the domestic demand for the goods and services
provided by an industry (Academic Library, 2014). Moreover, it is also discovered that
demand conditions do have an impact on performance (Butt et al., 2019). These traits can
assist businesses in gaining a competitive edge, when sophisticated domestic consumers
put pressure on businesses to innovate more quickly and develop products that are more
advanced (Claessens, 2016).
The complementary conditions factor provides for adding value to core resources and its
main role is to support and improve the value of core resources and attractions. It
includes two categories: "tourism superstructure" and "supporting elements." The tourism
superstructure is comprised of accommodation facilities, transportation facilities, food
services, and other resources, which the masses view as a private sector component of the
tourism industry. It comprises general infrastructure, hospitality, market ties, and access
to a destination beyond physical facilities, such as rules and entry visas (Chin &
Hampton, 2020). The infrastructure of the destination is essential for drawing new
visitors and serving the growing number of tourists that are visiting the location which is
beneficial for the local people because of its advantages for their community (Hotelmize,
2015). The effective resource management has an impact on both private actors'
operations and the expansion and growth of local economies (Scuderi, 2018). Due to
substantial amount of ecotourism resources, the destination will develop quickly,
showing that protecting these resources may successfully encourage the sustainable
development of the place (Hengky, 2017). The local community will benefit
economically from the ecotourism sector, and potential for residents and business owners
to increase their revenue (Zhao, 2019).
Quality of Life

The World Health Organization (2019) defines the quality of life as "individuals'
perceptions of their place in life in relation to their aspirations, standards, goals, and
concerns." Personal preferences determine life quality. Quality of life refers to the well-
being of a population, both positive and negative aspects of their existence at a certain
period (Teoli & Bhardwaj, 2022). The phrase "quality of life" is frequently used in the
context of work to describe having the time and resources to pursue what people enjoy
(Kagan et al., 2022). A state's economic growth is closely related to the standard of living
that state provides for its residents (Burlacu et al., 2018). It also investigates how
residents' sentiments regarding further tourist development had impacted their quality of
life and residential status (Liang & Hui, 2016). Moreover, quality of life is a crucial
factor in many financial decisions. Depending on personal preferences, many factors
affect people's quality of life differently, but they frequently include financial stability,
job satisfaction, family life, health, and safety (Kagan et al., 2022).
Material living conditions are a person's standard of living, as shown by three different
things: income, consumption, and material conditions (Soltes & Novakova, 2016).
According to Eurostat (2022), income is a good way to determine how much buying
power a person has on average and how well they are doing materially. People's living
standards can be evaluated both in terms of the ability to determine whether people live
in poverty depends on both relative (how they feel about various aspects of their lives)
and absolute (how they feel about themselves) situations (Weziak-Bialowolska, 2014).
Sustainable development is an economic philosophy dedicated to bringing the
population's living conditions into line with the current state of human development. It is
a concept that addresses the requirements of humanity today (Malinowski, 2022).
Working is not just a source of income but also frequently delivers additional material
rewards like fringe benefits. Employees can more easily obtain specific products that
secure their level of living through their work, or they can use company-owned goods to
lower the costs associated with maintaining that standard of living (Wolf et al., 2022).
Work affects the quality of life because it brings in money, gives people a sense of who
they are, and gives them chances to meet new people (Eurostat, 2021). The quality of

employment primarily focused on the nature of the work task and work environment. It is
also the degree to which employees are able to satiate significant personal needs as a
result of their experiences (Fisic, 2022). It is important because it shows that companies
can give their employees a good place to work, and improving their lives at work (Horst
et al., 2014). In order to boost employees' motivation, which is increasingly crucial in the
context of the digital shift seen in highly trained and technologically sophisticated
nations, there is a need to further improve the quality of work life (Leitão, 2021).
Employment boosts economic growth because workers produce valued goods and
services in exchange for a pay that they can use to purchase the products they make. A
greater number of commodities can be produced when there is a high employment rate
(Capozzi, 2019).
The living environment is defined here as a collection of constructed and natural

environments made available to the locals, who engage in diverse social, cultural,
religious, economic, and political activities that give the living environment its unique
characteristics. As a result of the interaction of these activities, a "living environment" is
generated, which is constantly changing as these interconnected activities evolve through
time and space (Tiwari et al., 2022). One of the key factors affecting quality of life is the
environmental aspect (Stremikiene, 2015). Environmental protection could lead to the
creation of millions of new employment and a decrease in poverty (Soken-Huberty,
2021). Eorostat (2017) noted that over the past few decades, environmental protection
had taken a prominent place on the European agenda. In the most recent Eurobarometer,
about 94% of Europeans said that taking care of the environment was very important.
The availability of a natural environment and captivating views of nature within an
individual's living environment are essential contributors to physical activity (Calogiuri,
& Chroni, 2014).

CHAPTER III
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
This chapter presents the conceptual framework of the study that is used to explain the
key concepts or variables that need to be investigated. Additionally, it organizes ideas to
achieve the research’s purpose and explanation.
Independent Variable Dependent Variable
Destination Competitiveness Quality of Life
 Core Resources and  Material Living

Attractions Condition
 Destination Management  Productive
 Demand Conditions  Natural and Living
 Complementary Environment
Conditions
Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study
Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework of the study that emphasizes the key concept.
It evaluates how destination competitiveness (independent) impacts the quality of life of
residents (dependent) in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat, in terms of the core
resources and attractions, destination management, demand conditions, and
complementary conditions. It also assesses how destination competitiveness impacts the
quality of life of the residents in terms of material living conditions, productive, and
natural and living environment. Furthermore, this evaluates the effect of destination
competitiveness on various variables. This framework will, in turn, add value to how
much competitiveness has contributed to or affected the lifestyle of the host communities
(Chin & Hampton, 2020).

The four factors of the tourism cluster are the core resources and attractions, destination
management, complementary conditions, and demand conditions, which support the
competitiveness of a tourism destination. The core resources and attractions are what
drive visitors to choose one location over another, which should ultimately provide them
with memorable experiences. The four components are core resources are created
resources, natural resources, cultural and heritage resources (Hanafiah, 2017). The
destination management factor "focuses on those activities that can strengthen the appeal
of the core resources (Chin & Hampton, 2020). Destination management directly
influence the technology, policy, people, community, context, and the natural
environment (Della Corte et al., 2017). The demand conditions refer to home market
demand for a specific good or service (Porter, 2021). Thus, influencing product
innovation and improvement refers to the size and makeup of the consumer base for a
certain good (James & Kvilhaug, 2022). The complementary conditions factor provides
for adding value to core resources and includes two categories: "tourism superstructure,"
which is comprised of accommodation facilities, transportation facilities, food services,
and other resources that the masses view as a private sector component of the tourism
industry, and "supporting elements," which are divided from the tourism superstructure
depending on their degree of contribution and pertinence to tourism. It is made up of
general infrastructure, hospitality, market ties, and access to a destination beyond
physical facilities, such as rules and entry visas (Chin & Hampton, 2020).
Material living conditions are a person's standard of living, as shown by three different
things: income, consumption, and material conditions (Soltes & Novakova, 2016).
According to Eurostat (2022), income is a good way to determine how much buying
power a person has on average and how well they are doing materially. The quality of
employment primarily focused on the nature of the work task and work environment. It is
also the degree to which employees are able to satiate significant personal needs as a
result of their experiences (Fisic, 2022). It is important because it shows that companies
can give their employees a good place to work, improving their lives at work (Horst et
al., 2014). The term "living environment" refers to a group of man-made and natural
environments accessible to locals who participate in various social, cultural, religious,

economic, and political activities that give the living environment its distinctive features.
Gainful employment is productive, and work impacts the quality of life not just because
of the money it brings in but also because it helps people feel like they have an identity
and access to social opportunities (Eurostat, 2021).
The framework shows indicators that serve as a measure of the quality of life, which are
material living conditions, productive, and a natural and living environment that specifies
the essentials for this study. According to Eurostat (2021), several significant projects
have resulted from discussions on how to properly gauge society's development, well-
being, and quality of life in the future. The report emphasized how important it is for the
European Statistical System to make indicators for monitoring sustainability and use a
whole-person approach when trying to define and measure the quality of life.
This paper discussed whether increasing tourism competitiveness will contribute to a

destination's socioeconomic prosperity and investigate how it has affected residents'
livelihoods in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat. Chin and Hampton (2020) noted
that it is equally indispensable to examine the socioeconomic prosperity of a competitive
destination as this signifies changes in wealth, lifestyle, education, the local environment,
and citizens' welfare as a destination develops. It may affect income and wealth
distribution changes, thereby influencing the overall quality of life.

CHAPTER IV
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This section will discuss the research design, research locale, research respondents,
sampling procedure, research instrument, research gathering procedures, and statistical
analysis.
Research Design
The correlational research determined the relationship between destination
competitiveness and quality of life of residents of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat.
Correlational research is non-experimental research, employing data derived from pre-
existing variables. Researchers used two or more variables to investigate the extent to
which the variables are related. There is no manipulation of the variables in this type of
research. Besides, correlational research is useful in various studies (Asamoah, 2014).
Correlational study looks to see if and how two variables are related (Saini, 2022).
Moreover, a statistical test such as a correlational statistic can determine the relationship
objectively (Seeram, 2019).
Research Locale
This study was conducted in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat. This destination was
selected to determine the destination's competitiveness and quality of life of the residents.
Senator Ninoy Aquino is a landlocked municipality with 20 barangays in the coastal
province of Sultan Kudarat. It has a total population of 47,374. The land area of the
municipality is 391.43 square kilometers, or 151.13 square miles, which is 7.30% of the
total land area of Sultan Kudarat.

Source: www.openstreetmap.org
Figure 2. Locale of the Study
Research Respondents
Three hundred ninety-three (393) total respondents are selected randomly and answered
the research instrument. The respondents are the residents of Senator Ninoy Aquino,
Sultan Kudarat, with ages ranging from 18 years old up to 55 years old. Respondents are
young adults (ages 18-25) and mature adults (ages from 26-55). In the society, it is the
range of ages where people move from their own home, marry, have children, and
purchase a home. It is also the age where individuals establish a career which sets their
aspirations, standards, goals, and concerns (Journey Support, 2017).
Sampling Procedure
The researchers used the stratified random sampling technique, a probability sampling
that involves a method where the researcher divides a more extensive population into
smaller groups that usually do not overlap but represent the entire population (Thomas,
2020).
Research Instruments
This study used self-made survey questionnaire to gather data from respondents. A
questionnaire is a type of research tool that asks pertinent questions of respondents to
gather information (Cint, 2022). According to Cleave (2021), the questionnaire helps any

research to have more structure compared to other research methods like the interview,
which can help maximize the success of whatever the researchers are seeking to
investigate and answer. Upon constructing the questionnaire, the researchers first
constructed its content based on the findings of related studies. The survey is consisting
of different parts: socio-demographic information, quality of life, and destination
competitiveness. The first section shows the profile of residents, like their age, sex, and
income level.
MEAN INTERVAL INTERPRETATION

4.21 – 5.00 Severe
3.41 – 4.20 Major
2.61 – 3.40 Moderate
1.81 – 2.60 Minor
1.00 - 1.80 Insignificant
Table 1. Five-Point Likert Scale for Destination Competitiveness
The table that is referred above is a Five-point Likert Scale interpretation adopted from
Alireza Valipour, Nordin Yahaya, Rosli Mohamad Zin, and Norhazilan Md Noor (2014).
The scale range mean interval is adopted from Eva N. Nyutu, William W. Cobern,
Brandy A-S. Pleasant (2020). The means were interpreted as follows: Insignificant in the
point range of 1.00 - 1.80, Minor in the point range of 1.81 – 2.60, Moderate in the point
range of 2.61 – 3.40, Major in the point range of 3.41 – 4.20, and Severe in the point
range of 4.21 – 5.00
MEAN INTERVAL INTERPRETATION

4.21 – 5.00 Considerably Improving
3.41 – 4.20 Improving
2.61 – 3.40 No Change
1.81 – 2.60 Decreasing
1.00 - 1.80 Considerably Decreasing
Table 2. Five-Point Likert Scale for Quality of Life

The table that is referred above is a Five-point Likert Scale interpretation adopted from
Kardiochir (2018). The scale range mean interval is adopted from Eva N. Nyutu, William
W. Cobern, Brandy A-S. Pleasant (2020). The means were interpreted as follows:
Considerably decreasing in the point range of 1.00 - 1.80, Decreasing in the point range
of 1.81 – 2.60, No change in the point range of 2.61 – 3.40, Improving in the point range
of 3.41 – 4.20, and Considerably improving in the point range of 4.21 – 5.00.
Data Gathering Procedures

The researchers created a self-made survey questionnaire related to the study. Pilot
testing was done to verify the validity of the questionnaire. Once the experts validated the
questionnaires, they were finalized. The researchers then created a permission letter that
was verified and approved by the research specialists. The permission letter was sent to
Senator Ninoy Aquino’s tourism office for approval for the survey. Once approved, the
letter was presented to the respondents to introduce the study. Then the questionnaires
were distributed to the random respondents, and they were given enough time and
assistance to answer the items in the questionnaire. After that, the questionnaires are
collected, and the results are tallied, analyzed, and interpreted.
Construction of Survey Questionnaire
Pilot Testing
Checking and validation of survey questionnaire
Construction of letters
Checking and approval of letters
Sending of letter of permission to the Municipal Mayor of

Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat
Presentation of consent letter to the respondents for data

Gathering

Actual conduct of survey/
gathering of data from the respondents
Retrieval of survey questionnaire from the respondents
Tabulation, analyzation, and interpretation of result
Figure 3. Data Gathering Procedure
Statistical Treatment
The data are analyzed and interpreted in the following ways:
Research Question No.1: The percentage distribution was used to determine the
respondents' socio-demographic profile.
Research Question No.2: The result was analyzed using the mean to determine the level
of destination competitiveness in terms of core resources and attractions, destination
management, demand conditions, and complementary conditions.
Research Question No.3: The result was analyzed using the mean to determine the level
of quality of life of the residents in terms of material living conditions, productive, and
natural and living environment.
Research Question No.4: The result was analyzed using the correlational to determine
whether there is or is no significant relationship between the variables.
Statistical Method
The percentage were used in interpreting the socio-demographic profile of residents in
Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat. The percentage distribution was solved using the
formula below.
f
%= X 100
N
Figure 4. Percentage Formulation
Where,

% = percentage distribution
f = frequency distribution
N= number of respondents
Weighted Mean Formula

The weighted mean formula was used to determine the level of destination
competitiveness and the level of quality of life of the residents of Senator Ninoy Aquino,
Sultan Kudarat. It was solved through mean formulation.
f 1 x 1 +f 2 x 2+ f 3 x 3 + f 4 x4
X=
X1
Figure 5. Mean Formulation
Where,
X= weighted mean
f = weight given to each response
x = number of respondents
x 1= total number of respondents
Pearson Correlation Coefficient Formula

Pearson correlation coefficient, also known as Pearson R statistical test, measures the
strength between the different variables and their relationships. The Pearson correlation
coefficient value were calculated using the mean of the level of destination
competitiveness and the level of quality of life indicators examined in this study to know
how strong the relationship between the two variables. It was solved by the formula
below:
r =n ¿ ¿
Figure 6. Pearson Correlation Coefficient Formulation

Where,
r = Pearson Coefficient
n = number of the pairs of the stock
∑ xy = sum of products of the paired stocks
∑ x = sum of the x scores
∑ y = sum of the y scores
∑ x 2 = sum of the squared x scores
∑ y2 = sum of the squared y scores
Table 3. Correlation Analysis

Size of Correlation Interpretation
.90 to 1.00 (-.90 to -100) Very high positive (negative)
correlation
.70 to .90 (-.70 to -.90) High positive (negative) correlation
.50 to .70 (-.50 to -.70) Moderate positive (negative)
correlation
.30 to .50 (-.30 to -.50) Low positive (negative) correlation
.00 to .30 (.00 to -.30) Negligible correlation
The Table referred above is the correlation analysis which shows the degree of
relationship between the two variables. The correlation result between .00 to .30 (.00 to
-.30) shows a negligible correlation between the two variables. .30 to .50 (-.30 to -.50)
shows low positive (negative) correlation between the two variables. .50 to .70 (-.50 to
-.70) shows moderate positive (negative) correlation between the two variables. .70 to .90
(-.70 to -.90) shows high positive (negative) correlation between the two variables.
And .90 to 1.00 (-.90 to -100) shows very high positive (negative) correlation between
the two variables.

CHAPTER V
PRESENTATION AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
Data Analysis
The findings revealed the socio-demographic profile of the respondents according to age,
sex, and income level. The frequency count was used as a basis for the interpretation. The
findings also revealed the level of destination competitiveness to the quality of life of the
residents in terms of the core resources and attractions, destination management, demand
conditions, and complementary conditions, and the level of quality of life of the
residents’ in terms of their material living condition, productive, and natural and living
environment.
Socio-demographic Profile of Respondents
The findings revealed that according to age, there were 136 respondents that ages 18-28,
121 respondents that ages 29-39, and 136 respondents that ages 40-55. There were 136
males and 257 females among the respondents according to their gender. In terms of
income level 301 respondents are below 10,000, 64 respondents have an income level of
10,001 to 20,000, 20 respondents belong in 20,001 to 30,000, 4 respondents for 30,001 to
50,000, and 4 respondents with the income level of more than 50,001.
Table 4. The overall number and percentage of the respondents
Categories No. of Respondents Percentage (%)

Entire Group 393 100%
The table that is referred above presents the entire group of the respondents which are
393 and their total percentage is 100%.

Table 5. Socio-demographic Profile of the Respondents in terms of Age
Categories No. of Respondents Percentage

Age
Between 18 and 28 136 34.6%
Between 29 and 39 121 30.8%
Between 40 and 55 136 34.6%
Table 5 presents the socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of age. The
results show that 136 respondents are ages between 18 and 28 which is 34.6% of the
overall number of respondents, 121 number of respondents are ages between 29 and 39
which is 30.8% of the overall number of respondents, and 136 respondents are ages
between 40 and 55 which is 34.6% of the overall number of respondents.
Table 6. Socio-demographic Profile of Respondents in terms of Sex

Sex
Male 136 34.6%
Female 257 65.4%
Table 6 presents the socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of sex. In the
category of male, there are 136 respondents which is 34.6% of the overall number of
respondents, and the category of female has 257 respondents which is 65.4% of the
overall number of respondents.
Table 7. Socio-demographic Profile of Respondents in terms of income level

Income Level
Below 10,000 301 76.6%
10,001 to 20,000 64 16.3%
20,001 to 30,000 20 5.1%
30,001 to 50,000 4 1.0%
More than 50,001 4 1.0%
Table 7 presents the socio-demographic profile of respondents in terms of income level.

There are 301 respondents who have monthly income level of below 10,000 which is
76.6% of the overall number of respondents. 64 respondents have a monthly income level

of 10,001 to 20,000 which is 16.3% of the overall number of respondents. 20 respondents
have a monthly income level of 20,001 to 30,000 which is 5.1% of the overall number of
respondents. 4 respondents have a monthly income of 30,001 to 50,000 which is 1.0% of
the overall number of respondents. And 4 respondents have a monthly income of more
than 50,001 which is 1.0% of the overall number of respondents.
Table 8. Likert Scale for the Level of Destination Competitiveness
Indicators Mean Description

Core Resources and 3.69 Major
Attractions
Destination Management 3.58 Major
Demand Conditions 3.70 Major
Complementary Conditions 3.71 Major
Total 3.67 Major
The result showed the mean and descriptive analysis on the level of destination
competitiveness to the quality of life of the residents of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan
Kudarat. The result implies that core resources and attractions has a major effect to the
quality of life of the residents with a mean of (x̄ =3.69). According to Mohammad et al.
(2007), core resources and attractions promote destination competitiveness and
performance resulting in mass of tourist arrivals benefitting and boosting local’s
wellbeing.
In terms of destination management, the result implies that destination management has a
major effect to the quality of life of the residents with a mean of (x̄ =3.58). Locals begin
to see the income that tourism can generate for their community, and it give local
residents a voice in the creation and management of tourism-related projects in their
locality (World Travel and Tourism Council, 2018).
In addition, the result from demand conditions implies a major effect to the quality of life
of the residents with a mean of (x̄ =3.70). It is discovered that demand conditions do have
an impact on performance (Butt et al., 2019). These traits can assist businesses in gaining
a competitive edge, when sophisticated domestic consumers put pressure on businesses to
innovate more quickly and develop products that are more advanced (Claessens, 2016).

Furthermore, in terms of complementary conditions, the result implies a major effect to
the quality of life of the residents with a mean of (x̄ =3.71). The effective resource
management has an impact on both private actors' operations and the expansion and
growth of local economies (Scuderi, 2018). The local community will benefit
economically from the ecotourism sector, and potential for residents and business owners
to increase their revenue (Zhao, 2019).
The weighted mean is (x̄ =3.67) or “Major” implies the level of destination
competitiveness to the quality of life of the residents of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan
Kudarat in terms of core resources and attraction, destination management, demand
conditions, and complementary conditions.
Table 9. Likert Scale for the level of Quality of Life

Material Living Condition 4.04 Improving
Productive 4.02 Improving
Natural and Living 4.04 Improving
Environment
Total 4.03 Improving
The result showed the mean and descriptive analysis on the level of quality of life of the
residents of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat. In terms of material living condition,
the result implies that the quality of life of the residents is improving with a mean of (x̄
=4.04). According to Soltes & Novakova, (2016), material living conditions are a
person's standard of living, as shown by three different things: income, consumption, and
material conditions.
In terms of productive, the result implies that the quality of life of the residents is
improving with a mean of (x̄ =4.02). It corresponds to the findings of Eurostat (2021),
that work affects the quality of life because it brings in money, gives people a sense of
who they are, and gives them chances to meet new people. Employment boosts economic
growth because workers produce valued goods and services in exchange for a pay that
they can use to purchase the products they make (Capozzi, 2019).

In addition, the result from natural and living environment implies that the quality of life
of the residents is improving with a mean of (x̄ =4.04). One of the key factors affecting
quality of life is the environmental aspect (Stremikiene, 2015). Environmental protection
could lead to the creation of millions of new employment and a decrease in poverty
(Soken-Huberty, 2021).
The weighted mean is (x̄ =4.03) or “Improving” implies the level of quality of life of the
residents of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat in terms of material living conditions,
productive, and natural and living environment.
The phrase "quality of life" is frequently used in the context of work to describe having
the time and resources to pursue what people enjoy (Kagan et al., 2022). A state's
economic growth is closely related to the standard of living that state provides for its
residents (Burlacu et al., 2018). Moreover, quality of life is a crucial factor in many
financial decisions. Depending on personal preferences, many factors affect people's
quality of life differently, but they frequently include financial stability, job satisfaction,
family life, health, and safety (Kagan et al., 2022).
Table 10. Correlation between Level of Destination competitiveness and the quality of
life of the residents
r Interpretation Level of Significance α p-value

Moderate positive
0.520 0.00 0.000
correlation
The result found that the destination competitiveness and quality of life of the residents
has significant relationship since the p-value is less than probability level at 0.05
(p<0.05); null hypothesis is rejected. Moreover, the Pearson r is 0.520, denoting moderate
positive correlation. Based on the study of Jose Francisco et al. (2019), the literature on
the competitiveness of tourist destinations establishes as its ultimate objective the well-
being of the resident population.

In addition, examining a competitive destination's socioeconomic prosperity is crucial
since it indicates potential for growth in terms of wealth, education, the local
environment, and citizen wellbeing. As a result, this may affect income and wealth
distribution changes, thus affecting the overall quality of life (Chin & Hampton, 2020).
Moreover, there is a clear correlation between a destinations competitiveness influenced

by tourism growth and the degree of its citizens' quality of life, according to related study
in the area. Every destination must choose how to ensure the welfare and quality of life of
its members as community development is a significant component of tourism growth
that is beneficial to boost locals’ welfare (Küçükaltan et al., 2016).

CHAPTER VI
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Conclusions
Based on the result of the study, the following conclusions has been made:
 Majority of the respondents are women ages 18-29 and 40-55, in which implies
that women in the community are the most active in voicing their concerns on the
development and wellbeing of the area and the community. While men on the
other hand, chose to participate less in voicing out their concerns of the area.
Since majority of the men in the community spend their time at work and women
is left to rear the children. Thus, the women were more aware of the state of the
areas than men. Furthermore, majority of the respondents has a monthly income
level of below 10,000 which shows that their income isn’t just the only factor for
their life satisfaction.
 In this study, destination competitiveness does provide benefits for the quality of
life of the residents, especially for the businesses around the area. Employment
generates income that sustains the residents' household consumption, assets, and
properties. However, the study concludes that destination competitiveness does
not affect all of the residents in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat. The
population residing in the said area farthest away from the municipality's center
clearly expressed that Senator Ninoy Aquino was a competitive destination for
them, and some did not reach at all. The study also concludes that individuals’ life
satisfaction is not guaranteed, although a destination may appear successful. The
research findings show that economic development achieved through tourism
competitiveness in Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat does not always
translate to increased social welfare.
 Based on the research findings, there is an involvement of tourism to the

residents’ quality of life in the present. The improvement of Senator Ninoy

Aquino from just a municipality made its gradual transition to a tourist destination
for prospective tourists which is beneficial for the wellbeing of the local people.
 The study concluded that there is a significant relationship between destination

competitiveness and the residents’ quality of life. Also, the study found that
Senator Ninoy Aquino success has brought an improvement in the quality of life
of the residents’ but only to a limited extent. A successful and competitive
tourism destination does not always mean better welfare for its residents.
Recommendations
Based on the result of the study and the conclusion, the following are recommended:
 The researchers recommend for the Local Government Unit of Senator Ninoy
Aquino to implement more tourism infrastructures that requires the
involvement of the local people to provide them employment opportunities
and economic benefits for the community.
 Also to promote sustainable tourism, the LGU may manage their destination
with its potential for incoming businesses. The LGU may assure that the
tourism businesses soon to be establish in the area are required to practice and
execute sustainable development to protect the living environment of the
residents.
 Furthermore, the LGU may plan a grand festival that provides tourists,
travelers, and local people an opportunity to experience the beauty of tourism
to promote their municipality. This will also benefit the residents with their
businesses as it can generate high income from mass of tourist arrivals.
 For the future researchers, there is need to further investigate if the host
communities are benefitting from the development itself.

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0

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A. GANTT CHART
Task Name September October 2022 November 2022 December

2022 2022
Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week
3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2
Title Planning
Title Defense
Chapter 1
Formulation &
Consultation
Chapter 2
Formulation &
Consultation
Chapter 3
Formulation &
Consultation
Chapter 4
Formulation &
Consultation
Research
Conduct
Chapter 5
Formulation &
Consultation
Chapter 6
Formulation &
Consultation
Final Papers
Checking and
Endorsement
for Final
Defense
Final Defense

APPENDIX B. ACTUAL RESEARCH EXPENSES
Quantity Specifics Approximate Cost Actual Cost

1 Grammarian Fee (Chapter 1-4) 500 500
1 Validator Fee 800 200
1 Validator /Statistician Fee 2000 2000
4 Travel Fee 3,400 3,400
4 Bond Paper and Plastic Folder 650 650
4 Defense Fee 2,320 2,320
3 Inn Fee 700 700
Overall Total 9,770
Expenses
Prepared by:
Janine Justine L. Moreno Rochelle Joy E. Borjel
Shainna Hope B. Cerbas Ronalyn M. Jeroso
Noted by:
Shirly Moreno Tecilda E. Borjel
Nelia B. Cerbas Margelyn M. Jeroso
Approved by:
Mary Jubimille O. Casuyon Aimee Marie P. Tayson, MBA

APPENDIX C. PERMISSION LETTER

APPENDIX D. LETTER OF CERTIFICATION

APPENDIX E. SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
DESTINATION COMPETITIVENESS AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF

RESIDENTS’ OF SENATOR NINOY AQUINO, SULTAN KUDARAT
Survey Questionnaire
Dear Respondents,
Greetings! We are the fourth year Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management (BSTM)
students of STI College Tacurong. Presently, our group is conducting a research study
entitled “Destination Competitiveness and Quality of Life of Residents of Senator Ninoy
Aquino, Sultan Kudarat”, as part of our academic requirement. In this regard, we would
like to ask for your cooperation to be one of our respondents. With this, your time and
effort are requested to answer our survey questionnaires honestly and completely, as your
responses are considered essential for the completion of this study. Rest assured that all
data gathered from you will be treated with confidentiality. Your positive response
regarding this request will be highly appreciated. Thank you and God Bless.
Name (Optional):
Kindly provide the necessary information needed by checking () the appropriate
box.
Part I. Demographic Profile

1. Age
 Between 18 and 28
2. Sex
 Male
 Female
3. Income Level
 Below 10,000
 10,001 to 20,000
 20,001 to 30,000
 30,001 to 50,000
 More than 50,001

Part II. Please respond to all questions by placing a () in the appropriate column.
Severe Major Moderate Minor Insignificant

(5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
Prevalent effects of destination competitiveness on the resident’s quality of life in

Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat.
Core Resources and Attractions 5 4 3 2 1

1. The natural attractions present in this area have benefitted the
local people in this municipality.
2. The local’s culture empowers you as a member of this
community.
3. The tourist attractions present in this municipality contributes
significantly to your community (as it generates income and
employment).
Destination Management 5 4 3 2 1
1. You feel part/involved in the decision making process (in terms of
votes and participation) when it comes to tourism development.
2. The tourism activities present in Senator Ninoy Aquino provide
you benefits.
3. As Senator Ninoy Aquino become more popular, it has effect on
your day-to-day life.
Demand Conditions 5 4 3 2 1
1. Getting a job in the tourism industry is beneficial for you.
2. The tourists’ income or behavior (perhaps their existence) has
affected the lives of the locals.
3. The domestic customer needs and local resources plays an
important role in contributing towards Senator Ninoy Aquino
being such a popular destination.
Complementary Conditions 5 4 3 2 1
1. The accommodation facilities, food services, transportation
facilities and other resources present in Senator Ninoy Aquino
provides your demands.
2. Senator Ninoy Aquino being a tourist destination empowers you
as a resident.
3. Considering your quality of life right now, there will be a
difference in your life if there is no tourism.

Part III. Please respond to all questions by placing a () in the appropriate column.
Considerably Improving No Change Decreasing Considerably

Improving Decreasing
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
Quality of life of the residents of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat.
Material Living Condition 5 4 3 2 1

1. The tourism has benefitted the local people in this municipality in
terms of their living conditions.
2. The tourism helps your household consumption.
3. The tourism improves your employment conditions and work
expectation.
Productive 5 4 3 2 1
1. Your children, the younger generations, and you have more
employment opportunities now and in the future compared to the
past.
terms of the quality of their employment.
3. The prominence of Senator Ninoy Aquino as a tourist destination
helps in increasing your salary/income.
Natural and Living Environment 5 4 3 2 1
terms of preserving the natural environment.
2. The destination competitiveness will create environmental issues
for your municipality.
3. Senator Ninoy Aquino as a popular destination will improve your
living environment.
Thank you and God Bless. 

APPENDIX F. SURVEY RESULTS
Quality of Life
Level of Quality of Life of the Residents of Senator Ninoy Aquino, Sultan Kudarat in
terms of their Material Living Condition
1. The tourism has benefitted the local people in this 4.10 Improving
municipality in terms of their living conditions.
2. The tourism helps your household consumption. 4.00 Improving
3. The tourism improves your employment conditions 4.01 Improving
and work expectations.
Total Mean 4.04 Improving
terms of their Productive
1. Your children, the younger generations, and you 4.02 Improving

have more employment opportunities now and in the
future compared to the past.
2. The tourism has benefitted the local people in this 4.10 Improving
municipality in terms of the quality of their
employment.
3. The prominence of Senator Ninoy Aquino as a tourist 3.94 Improving
destination helps in increasing your salary/income.
terms of their Natural and Living Environment
1 The tourism has benefitted the local people in this 4.09 Improving
municipality in terms of preserving the natural
environment.
2 The destination competitiveness will create 3.79 Improving
environmental issues for your municipality.

3 Senator Ninoy Aquino as a popular destination will 4.25 Considerably
improve your living environment. Improving
Destination Competitiveness
terms of Core Resources and Attractions
1 The natural attractions present in this area have 3.69 Major

benefitted the local people in this municipality.
2 The local’s culture empowers you as a member of 3.70 Major
this community.
3 The tourist attractions present in this municipality 3.68 Major
contributes significantly to your community (as it
generates income and employment).
Total Mean 3.69 Major
terms of Destination Management

1 You feel part/involved in the decision making 3.52 Major
process (in terms of votes and participation) when it
comes to tourism development.
2 The tourism activities present in Senator Ninoy 3.52 Major
Aquino provide you benefits.
3 As Senator Ninoy Aquino become more popular, it 3.69 Major
has effect on your day-to-day life.

terms of Demand Conditions
1 Getting a job in the tourism industry is beneficial for 3.75 Major

you.
2 The tourists’ income or behavior (perhaps their 3.61 Major
existence) has affected the lives of the locals.
3 The domestic customer needs and local resources 3.73 Major
plays an important role in contributing towards
Senator Ninoy Aquino being such a popular
destination.
terms of Complementary Conditions
1 The accommodation facilities, food services, 3.60 Major

transportation facilities and other resources present in
Senator Ninoy Aquino provides your demands.
2 Senator Ninoy Aquino being a tourist destination 3.77 Major
empowers you as a resident.
3 Considering your quality of life right now, there will 3.76 Major
be a difference in your life if there is no tourism.

APPENDIX G. RESEARCHERS BIODATA
Name: Janine Justine L. Moreno

Address: Purok Daisy, New Isabela, Tacurong City
Email: morenojanine74@gmail.com
Mobile Number: 09610356698
Personal data
Nick name : Nine
Age : 21
Sex : Female
Height : 5’3
Weight : 50
Date of Birth : June 22, 2001
Birthplace : Tacurong City, Sultan Kudarat
Citizenship : Filipino
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management – Tertiary 2023
Tacurong City, Sultan Kudarat, Philippines
General Academic Strand – Senior High School 2019
Tacurong Siloam ABC Learning Center Inc.
Junior High School 2016
Tacurong Siloam ABC Learning Center Inc.
Elementary 2013
New Isabela Central Elementary School

Name: Shainna Hope B. Cerbas
Address: Purok. Bagong Sikat, Bambad Isulan, Sultan Kudarat
Email: shainnacerbas@gmail.com
Personal data
Nick name : Shine
Age : 23
Sex : Female
Height : 5’6
Weight : 45
Date of Birth : October 2, 1999
Birthplace : Bambad, Isulan, Sultan Kudarat
Technical Vocational Livelihood – Senior High School 2019

Bambad National High School
Isulan, Sultan Kudarat, Philippines

Bambad National High School
Elementary 2013
Bambad Central Elemetary School

Name: Rochelle Joy E. Borjel
Address: Sitio Lower Alas-as, Masiag, Bagumbayan, Sultan Kudarat
Email: Rochellejoyborjel18@gmail.com
Personal data
Nick name : Chelle
Age : 25
Sex : Female
Height : 5’3
Weight : 53
Date of Birth : December 9, 1997
Birthplace : Tacuron g City, Sultan Kudarat

Masiag National High School
Masiag, Bagumbayan, Sultan Kudarat, Philippines
Elementary 2010
Masiag Central Elementary School
Masiag, Bagumbayan, Sultan Kudarat, Philippines

Name: Ronalyn M. Jeroso
Address: Sumilil, Bagumbayan, Sultan Kudarat
Email: ronalynjeroso28@gmail.com
Personal data
Nick name : Lyn
Age : 22
Sex : Femal
Height : 5’3
Weight : 50
Date of Birth : December 22, 1999
Birthplace : Sumilil, Bagumbayan, Sultan Kudarat
Religion : Seventh Day Adventist
Technical Vocational Livelihood – Senior High School 2019

Isulan National High School

Sumilil National High School
Sumilil, Bagumbayan, Sultan Kudarat, Philippines
Elementary 2013
Sumilil Elementary School
Sumilil, Bagumbayan, Sultan Kudarat, Philippines

APPENDIX G. RESEARCH DOCUMENTATIONS


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DESTINATION COMPETITIVENESS AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF

RESIDENTS IN SENATOR NINOY AQUINO,

Janine Justine L. Moreno

TITLE OF RESEARCH: Destination Competitiveness and Quality of Life

NAME OF RESEARCHERS: Janine Justine L. Moreno

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements

Aimee Marie P. Tayson, MBA

APPROVED FOR FINAL DEFENSE:

Mary Jubimille O. Casuyon

Aimee Marie P. Tayson, MBA

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong ii

Aimee Marie P. Tayson, MBA

Accepted and approved by the Research Panel

Noel G. Ramoga, MBA Michael M. Flores, MBA

Jose T. Decena, DBA

Engr. Leila B. Guerrero, Ph. D.

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong iii

The researchers would like to thank the following:

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong iv

Researchers: Janine Justine L. Moreno

Degree: Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management

Date of Completion: June 2023

The study examined whether increasing tourism competitiveness in destination leads to

Keywords: destination Competitiveness, quality of life, Philippines

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong v

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong vi

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong vii

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong viii

help you understand it better.

Destination It is how a destination manage their resources. This also includes

Complementary These are the accommodation facilities, transportation facilities,

Material Living It is a person’s standard of living which focuses on their income,

Productive It refers to a person’s quality of employment.

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong ix

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 1

Specifically, it seeks to find answers to the following questions:

1) What is the socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 2

Specifically, it seeks to find answers to the following questions:

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 3

Scope and Delimitations

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 4

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 5

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 6

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 7

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 8

The living environment is defined here as a collection of constructed and natural

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 9

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Destination Competitiveness Quality of Life

 Core Resources and  Material Living

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 10

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 11

This paper discussed whether increasing tourism competitiveness will contribute to a

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 12

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 13

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 14

MEAN INTERVAL INTERPRETATION

Table 1. Five-Point Likert Scale for Destination Competitiveness

MEAN INTERVAL INTERPRETATION

Table 2. Five-Point Likert Scale for Quality of Life

FT-CRD-113-00 | STI College Tacurong 15