ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF ARMED BANDITRY ON

FARMING ACTIVITIES IN KATSINA STATE, (A STUDY OF

KANKARA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA).

BY

ABDULRASHEED BEKI
U2/18/PADM/0784

A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT

OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
FACULTY OF SOCIAL AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES,
UMARU MUSA YAR'ADUA UNIVERSITY, KATSINA

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR

THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (BS.C.) DEGREE IN
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

DECEMBER, 2022

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 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this project was written by me and it has not been presented anywhere for an

award of a bachelor degree or any certificate.

______________________ ______________________
Abdulrasheed Beki Date
U2/18/PADM/0784

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 APPROVAL PAGE

This is to certify research project, “Assessment of the effects of armed banditry On farming

activities in Kankara Local Government Area, Katsina state”. The project carried out by

Abdulrasheed Beki has been read and approved by the undersigned as meeting the requirement of

the Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Management Science, Umaru

Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina State for the award of B.Sc Degree in Public Administration.

______________________________ _____________________________
Dr. Lawal Baba Shani Date
(Project Supervisor)

_____________________________ ________________________________
Dr. Musa Lawal Batsari Date
(Project Coordinator)

______________________________ _____________________________
Dr. Musa Lawal Batsari Date
(Head of Department)

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 DEDICATION

I dedicate this project to Allah subuhanah watahala and my beloved mother Khadijat Sa'ad Beki,

and my beautiful wife Halimat Kolawole umm Aisha, and my gorgeous children Aisha and

Abdssalam, and my brother's mainly Rafiu Beki for his love, sacrifice, guide and contribution in

my life. Also my Late Father Alhaji Shuaib Beki had an inexperienced memory. May almighty

Allah grant him al- jannatul Firdaus (Ameen).

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Firstly I am grateful to almighty Allah, for assisting and guide me through the process. All praise

is to Allah for his subtance and mercy over me in the course of the completion of my research and

for enabling me to write this project. My profound goes to my mother Hajia Khadija saad oganija

for her love and kindness and understanding, may Allah reward her abundantly and my Late father

Alhaji Shuaib Beki may his soul relaxation in best peace (Amin). And I pray to Allah to let me be

able to repay my mother with her kindness. Also my lovely guardians and brother in individual

like Mr. Rafiu Beki, Malam Nasir Beki, Ustaz AbdulFatai Sarumi, Umm Abdussalam Beki, Mr.

Lukman Beki and my spouse Hajia kolawole Halimat as well as my youth Aisha Rasheed Beki

and Abdussalam jumuah Rosheed Beki. The challenge would no longer be profitable except for

Allah and the support, prayers, guidance and encouragement of all of you, may Allah reward you

all and let my parents to harvest the fruit of pleasure that they planted Ameen.

My profound gratitude go to my honourable supervisor Dr Lawal Baba Shani. who is a father

and my role model in educational arena, he encourage, criticized and patiently aid me in the course

of this lookup work. I would like to say a big thank you for making my dream come true and I

pray to Allah to be your guidance and your family at large and may additionally Allah count you

amongst of successful in this life and afterlife. However, I will in no way neglect my top notch

HOD Dr. Musa Lawal Batsari for your super tiredless effort to make this program easy for us and

additionally my profound gratitude goes to all lectures in department of public administration in

umar musa yaradua University katsina State for the expertise you imparted to me, in man or woman

like prof. Abubakar Usman, prof. Ibrahim Adam, prof. Alti Mukhtar, Dr. Lawal Saleh, Dr. Jafar

Umar, Dr. Aminu Dikkoh, Dr. Lawal Baba Shani, Dr. Ahmad Salisu Kabir, Dr. Mohammed Hassan

El-makki, Mr. Bello sirajo. May Allah be with everyone of you and guard you from evil doer's

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(Amin). I well known the guide and braveness received from my pals in school, mal. Abukar

Muhammad,mal. Shamsu Garuba, Class Rep, mal. Abubakar Rabiu, mal. Marwam Atitola, Mal.

Nurudeen yahaya and mal. Rokeeb thanks to you all and i will in no way overlook your kindness.

I favor to thank my spouse and my teenagers Hajia kolawole Halimat, Aishat Rosheed Beki,

Abdussalam jumuah Rosheed Beki for your endeavors and guide through my program. Finally my

special profound gratitude goes to my brother AbdulRafiu Beki for his full guide, financial and

kindness for my educational pursuit. May Allah in his infinite mercy be with you all.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION........................................................................................................................................... ii
APPROVAL PAGE ...................................................................................................................................... iii
DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................................. iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENT............................................................................................................................... v
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................ vii
ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................................ vii
CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1 Background of the study ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2 Statement of problem ............................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3 Research Questions ............................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.4 Research Objectives ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.5 Research Hypotheses ........................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.6 Significant of the study ....................................................................................................................... 4
1.7 Scope of the study ................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.8 Definition of Terms ............................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.9 Arrangement of Chapters ...................................................................................................................7
CHAPTER TWO .......................................................................................................................................... 8
LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORITICAL FRAME WORK.............................................................. 8
2.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 8
2.1 Survey of related issues and concepts ................................................................................................. 8
2.2 Conceptual Framework .................................................................................................................... 20
2.2.1 Armed banditry .............................................................................................................................. 21
2.2.2 Agriculture ..................................................................................................................................... 22
2.3.3 Farmer ............................................................................................................................................ 23
2.2.4 Conflicts ......................................................................................................................................... 24
2.2.5 Criminal Activities of Banditry ...................................................................................................... 26
2.2.6 Effects of Banditry to Farmers ....................................................................................................... 27
2.3 Review of Empirical Studies........................................................................................................... 28
2.4 Theoretical Framework ..................................................................................................................... 33
CHAPTER THREE..................................................................................................................................... 40
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................ 40
3.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 40
3.2 Research Design................................................................................................................................ 40
3.3 Study of Population........................................................................................................................... 40
3.4 Types and Source of Data ................................................................................................................. 41
3.5 Sampling technique and Sample selection ........................................................................................ 41

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 3.6 Method of Data Collection............................................................................................................... 42
3.7 Method of Data Presentation and Analysis ....................................................................................... 42
3.8 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................ 42
CHAPTER FOUR....................................................................................................................................... 43
DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION ............................................................................................ 43
4.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 43
4.2 Data presentation .............................................................................................................................. 43
4.3 Test of Hypotheses ............................................................................................................................ 57
4.4 Summary of Findings ........................................................................................................................ 58
4.5 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................ 59
CHAPTER FIVE ........................................................................................................................................ 60
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION .............................................................. 60
5.1 Summary ......................................................................................................................................... 60
5.2 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................ 61
5.3 Recommendations ............................................................................................................................. 62
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................... 64
APPENDIX ................................................................................................................................................. 68

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 ABSTRACT

This research study examined on the effects of armed banditry on farming activities in Katsina
State, A case study of Kankara Local Government Area. Armed banditry is an act of social
decadence that involves the act of attacking people in their farms and even the raiding of villages.
These acts of armed banditry result in injury, loss of human lives, loss of property and disruptions
of farming activities. Basically, it resulted to fear of victimization and perpetuate violence among
the communities. Consequently, this act of social decadence has serious implications that do not
bode well for the collective wellbeing of the farmers and residents. Hence, the purpose of this study
is to find out the effects of armed banditry on farming activities in Kankara Local Government
Area. The research discovered that armed banditry has caused social and economic disruptions
and unprecedented loss of livelihoods of men, women, and children, loss of means of production,
destruction of properties, displacement of the people and as well as agricultural production.
However, solutions are provided to both rulers and government agencies in order to realize and
maintain peace and stability in Kankara Local Government Area. These includes the creation of
rural vigilante groups, reconciliation and negotiation, enlightenment through traditional rulers
and spiritual leaders, imprisonment and random killing of bandits, which will install fear anxiety
and bring stability and peace to the Area. The study employed both primary and secondary source
of data. Primary data in form of self-developed questioner, while the secondary data in form of
journals, articles, monographs, newspaper as well as internet sources.

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