NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL

POLICY, 2006
SUBMITTED BY:
ADITI NAGAR
DIPALI ODEDRA
JINAL PATEL
TANVI DAGAONKAR
INTRODUCTION
ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
It is the process of facilitating the decision making to carryout the land development with the emphasis given on natural environment, social,
political, economic and governance factors, so as to provide a holistic framework to achieve sustainable outcome.

WHAT?
The National Environmental Policy was first formulated in 2006, by Government of India, Ministry of Environment and Forest.
Environmental safety is the practice of policies and procedures that ensure that a surrounding environment, including work areas, laboratories or
facilities, is free of dangers that could cause harm to a person working in those areas.

WHY?
To apply the principles of good governance (transparency, rationality, accountability, reduction in time and costs, participation, and regulatory
independence) to the management and regulation of use of environmental resources.

HOW?
 OBJECTIVES OF NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY,2006

Conservation of Intra-generational Integration of

critical equity: livelihood Inter-generational environmental concerns
environmental security for the equity in economic and social
resources poor development

Efficiency in Enhancement of resources

environmental Environmental for environmental
resource use governance conservation
 PRINCIPLES OF NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY,2006

Human beings are at Environmental

the Centre of Protection is an
The right to
sustainable Integral part of the
development
development Development
concerns. Process

The precautionary Economic efficiency Entities with Equity.

approach polluters pay “incomparable”
values

Legal Liability Public Trust Doctrine Decentralization Integration

Environmental Perspective action Environmental

Standard Setting. Offsetting
 STRATEGIES AND ACTIONS OF NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
1. INTEGRATION IN DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES
2. INCLUSION IN SECTORAL POLICY
3. INSTITUTIONALISED MECHANISM FOR DUE DILIGENCE AT GOVERNMENT LEVEL
4. REGULATORY REFORMS
5. The then existing framework ( in 2006) was broadly designed under the umbrella of the following legal acts:
• Water(prevention and control of framework) Act, 1974
• Water(prevention and control of pollution)Cess Act,1977
• Air (prevention and control of pollution) Act ,1981
• Atomic Energy Act of 1982
• Motor Vehicles Act, 1988
• The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
• The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
• Environment (Protection) Act,1986(EPA)
• The National Environment Appellate Authority Act, 1977
• Public Liability Insurance Act (PLIA),1991
• National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995
 STRATEGIES AND ACTIONS OF NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
Regulatory Reforms

Process Related Reforms Substantive Reforms

1. Regulatory Reforms
• Revisiting the Policy and Legislative Framework
• Framework for legal action
• Review of regulations protecting the coastal areas, environmental and forest clearances
2. Enhancing and Conserving Environmental Resources
• Focus on -land degradation; desert ecosystems; forests& wildlife; Biodiversity, Traditional Knowledge, and Natural Heritage; freshwater
resources; mountain ecosystems; coastal resources; pollution abatement; climate change; Conservation of Manmade Heritage
3. PROCESS RELATED REFORMS
• Approach:
The objective is to reduce delays and levels of decision-making, realize decentralization of environmental functions, and ensure greater
transparency and accountability.
• Framework for legal Action:
a) In order to ensure faster decision making with greater transparency, and access to information, use of information technology based
tools will be promoted, together with necessary capacity-building, under all action plans.
b) In order to realize greater decentralization, State level agencies may be given greater responsibility for environmental regulation and
management. Such empowerment must, however, be premised on increased transparency, accountability, scientific and managerial
capacity, and independence in regulatory decision making and enforcement action. Accordingly, States would be encouraged to set up
Environment Protection Authorities on this basis.
c) Mechanisms and processes would be set up to identify entities of “Incomparable Value” in different regions. It would be ensured that all
regulatory mechanisms are legally empowered to follow the principles of good governance
 STRATEGIES AND ACTIONS OF NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

4. SUBSTANSTIVE REFORMS 6. Environmental Standards

• Environment and Forests Clearances • Environmental Management Systems (Ecolabelling)
• Coastal Areas • Clean Technologies and Innovation
• Living Modified Organisms (LMOs) • Environmental Awareness, Education, and Information
• Environmentally Sensitive Zones • Partnerships and Stakeholder Involvement
• Monitoring of Compliance • Capacity Building
• Use of Economic Principles in Environmental Decision-making • Research & Development
5. STRATEGIES USED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REFORMS • International Cooperation
• Land Degradation • Review of the Policy
• Forests • Review of Implementation
• Wildlife
• Bio diversity 7. Critique
• Wet-lands • It is recognized that maintaining a healthy environment is not
• Conservation of manmade Heritage the state's responsibility alone, but also that of every citizen. A
• Environmentally sensitive zones spirit of partnership should thus be realized throughout the
• Sustainable mountain development spectrum of environmental management in the country.
• Sustainable Coastal resources • While the state must galvanize its efforts, there should also be
• Conservation of fresh water resources recognition by each individual - natural or institutional, of its
• Pollution Abatement responsibility towards maintaining and enhancing the quality
• Climate change of the environment.
 LINKAGES BETWEEN OBJECTIVES, PRINCIPLES AND STRATEGIES
OBJECTIVES
Conservation of Critical
Environmental Resources
Livelihood Security for the
Poor
Inter-generational Equity
PRINCIPLES
• Sustainable Development
• The Precautionary Approach
• Entities with incomparable
values
• Environmental Standard
Setting
• Preventive Action
• Sustainable Development
• Entities with incomparable
values
• Public Trust Doctrine
• Sustainable Development
• Equity
• Public Trust Doctrine
STRATEGIES
• land degradation; desert ecosystems; forests& wildlife; Biodiversity,
Traditional Knowledge, and Natural Heritage; freshwater resources;
mountain ecosystems; coastal resources; pollution abatement; climate
change; Conservation of Manmade Heritage
• Environmental Standards & Management Systems (Ecolabelling)
• Clean Technologies and Innovation
• Environmental Awareness, Education, and Information
• Partnerships and Stakeholder Involvement
• Capacity Building
• land degradation; desert ecosystems; forests& wildlife; Biodiversity,
Traditional Knowledge, and Natural Heritage; freshwater resources;
mountain ecosystems; coastal resources; pollution abatement; climate
change; Conservation of Manmade Heritage
• Environmental Awareness, Education, and Information
• Partnerships and Stakeholder Involvement
• Capacity Building
• Environmental Awareness, Education, and Information
• Partnerships and Stakeholder Involvement
• Capacity Building
 LINKAGES BETWEEN OBJECTIVES, PRINCIPLES AND STRATEGIES
OBJECTIVES
Integration of Environmental
Concerns in Economic and
Social Development
Efficiency in Environmental
Resource Use
Environmental Governance
Enhancement of Resources
for Environmental
Conservation
PRINCIPLES
• Sustainable Development
• Economic efficiency
• Entities with incomparable
values
• Equity
• Legal Liability
• Public Trust Doctrine
• Integration
• Sustainable Development
• The Precautionary Approach
• Economic efficiency
• Environmental Standard Setting
• Environmental Offsetting
• Legal Liability
• Public Trust Doctrine
• Decentralization
• Integration
• Environmental Standard Setting
• Preventive Action
• Environmental Offsetting
• Sustainable Development
• Entities with incomparable
values
• Environmental Standard Setting
STRATEGIES
• Revisiting the Policy and Legislative Framework
• Environmental Awareness, Education, and Information
• Partnerships and Stakeholder Involvement
• Capacity Building
• Research & Development
• International Cooperation
• Environmental Standards & Management Systems (Ecolabelling)
• Clean Technologies and Innovation
• Regulatory Reforms
• Revisiting the Policy and Legislative Framework
• Framework for legal action
• Review of regulations protecting the coastal areas, environmental
and forest clearances
• Review of the Policy
• Review of Implementation
• Research & Development
• International Cooperation
• Capacity Building
• Partnerships and Stakeholder Involvement
CASE STUDY
Proposed Corridors of Pune Metro Rail Project Land Use Classification of the Proposed Project Corridors
 Negative Environmental Impacts
Environmental impacts could be positive or negative, direct or indirect, local, regional or global, reversible or irreversible.

❑ NEGATIVE IMPACTS:

• Impacts due to Project Location;

• Impacts due to Project Design;
• Impacts due to Construction; and
• Impacts due to Project Operation.

❑ ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS:

• This section identifies and appraises the negative impacts on various aspects of the environment likely to result from the proposed
development.
• The environmental aspects are:
• Land Environment
• Water Environment
• Air Environment
• Noise Environment
• Ecological Environment
• Socio-Economic Environment

The impacts on the above environmental components have been further assessed during various phases of project cycle namely project location,
project design, construction and operation.
❑ IMPACTS DUE TO PROJECT LOCATION
• Displacement and loss of livelihood of Project Affected People (PAPs)
• Change of Land use
• Impact on/loss of wildlife/trees/forest
• Utility/Drainage Problems
• Impact on Archaeological Monuments and Heritage Assets
➢ Change of Land Use
• Land will be required permanently for stations, and running sections.
• Both government and private land will be acquired for the project and the details are given in civil engineering in the DPR.
• No forest land is required for the proposed project corridors.
➢ Impact on/loss of wildlife/trees/forest
• The proposed corridors are in urban/city area. An inventory of trees along the project corridor was carried out.
• Number of trees likely to be lost due to the proposed project is about 1124.

With removal of these trees, the process for CO2 conversion will get affected and the
losses are reported below:
Total number of Trees : 190
Decrease in CO2 absorption @ 3 Kg/year/ tree : 498 kg/year
Decrease in Oxygen production @ 11 Kg/year/ tree : 1826 kg/year

Number of Trees along the Corridor/Depots

➢ Utility/Drainage Problems
The proposed Metro corridors are planned to run through the urban area above the ground (elevated) in less densely populated and
underground in populated and sensitive areas.
The alignment will cross drains, large number of sub-surface, surface and utility services, viz. sewer, water mains, storm water drains,telephone
cables, overhead electrical transmission lines, electric pipes, traffic signals etc.
❑ IMPACTS DUE TO PROJECT DESIGN.
➢ Impacts due to project design are seen in following ways:
• Consumption of energy and water at stations and noise impact of underground line in trade off with visual intrusion resulting from elevated
line.
• Measures relevant to both underground and elevated alignment.

❑ IMPACT DUE TO PROJECT CONSTRUCTION

• Negative environmental impacts are:
• Air pollution and Noise Pollution
• Vibration and risk to existing buildings
• Impact due to Muck disposal
• Impact due to construction/demolition waste
• Impact due to Hazardous waste
• Impact due to Pre-casting yards and Material stockpiling
• Increased water demand
• Impact on ground and surface water quality
• Soil erosion and land subsidence
• Impacts due to traffic diversions
• Impacts due to Labour Camp
• Welfare of labour on site
• Safety of labour
• Impacts due to supply of construction material
• Impacts on human health.

❑ IMPACTS DUE TO PROJECT OPERATION

➢ Along with many positive impacts the project may cause the following negative impacts during operation of the project:
• Noise pollution ,Vibration ,Energy Consumption at stations, Water supply and Sanitation at Stations ,Pedestrian and Traffic Congestion around
stations ,Impacts due to Depot.
 Positive Environmental Impacts
❑ Various positive impacts have been listed under the following headings
• Employment Opportunities
• Benefits to Economy
• Direct benefits to passengers
• Traffic Noise Reduction
• Reduction of Traffic on Road
• Less Fuel consumption and
• Reduced Air pollution.

➢ EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
• During construction local skilled and unskilled laborers will have an opportunity for employment directly or indirectly.
• Approximately 600 persons are likely to work at 2 labour camps during project construction.
• In operation phase of the project, about 35 persons per kilometer length of the corridor, ie about 1100 persons will be employed for
operation and maintenance of the proposed system.
• Thus, the project would provide substantial direct employment;more people would be indirectly employed in allied activities and trades.

➢ BENEFITS TO ECONOMY
• The project will facilitate movement of people from different parts of Pune City.
• These corridors will yield benefits in terms of growth in economic activity due to better accessibility; reduction in vehicle operating costs, cost
of road construction and maintenance, loss of productivity due to health disorders resulting from pollution and accidents, savings in travel
time and improvement in quality of life due to reduction in road travel.

• DIRECT BENEFITS TO PASSENGERS

• The project will result in direct benefits to users of Metro and other modes:
reduction in vehicle operating costs, savings in travel time, improvement in quality of life, reduction in loss of productivity due to health disorders
resulting from pollution and reduction in road accidents.
➢ TRAFFIC NOISE REDUCTION
• A 50% reduction of the traffic volume may result in a 3 dB reduction in noise levels, regardless of the absolute number of vehicles.
• Reduction in traffic volume of 10% & 50%reduces noise at the tune of 0.5 dB & 3.0 dB respectively.

➢ REDUCTION OF TRAFFIC ON ROAD

• The basis of reduction of vehicle is shift of ridership from road vehicle to the metro railway.
• The reduction in number of vehicles gives benefits to economy by reduction in Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC), Fuel Consumption, Pollution
Load, Accidents and Travel Time etc.
• On implementation of the project, the consumption of petrol, diesel and CNG will get reduced.

➢ LESS FUEL CONSUMPTION

• Reduced fuel consumption and emissions from passenger vehicles during operation of Metro were estimated using the following:
a) based on mode-wise yearly number of registered vehicles from year 2005 to 2016 estimate yearly number up to year 2020-21
b) retrial of pre-BS VI vehicles without addition starting 2020
c) presence of BS VI vehicles as in 2030
d) presence of electric vehicles as in 2030 as per RMI-Niti Aayog report of May 2017 : 40% of cars and 2 wheelers, all 3 wheelers and buses
will be electric.

➢ REDUCED AIR POLLUTION

• Human Health cost of total lifecycle PM2.5 emissions caused by production and consumption of gasoline and cost of capturing carbon in GHG
caused by production and consumption of gasoline was estimated by Hill et al (Climate change and health costs of air emissions from bio fuels
and gasoline, Jason Hill et al, PNAS, 2008).