Natural Resource and

Environmental Management
AGRI 206 (3 units)
Lecture 4
 •Administrative functions that expound,
execute, and observe the environmental
guidelines and procedures of a firm in an
attempt to manage impact on the
environment to protect and conserve
natural resources.
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
•Environmental management centers on
the development of human welfare for
existing and future generations.

•It also involves People, Process, and

Discipline

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 WHY STUDY
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT?
1. To discover, understand, and be trained on how to utilize techniques for
evaluating and supervising the environmental consequences of both public and
private sector organizations.

2. To expand individual, specialized and research expertise on how to contribute

to the development of our environment.

3. To implement certain management tools and methodology that can be applied

in relevance to perspective business in accordance to the rules and laws set forth
by the government in all levels (local, regional, national, and global).

4. To understand that environmental management is a conscientious effort of all

concerned in bringing together in harmony all efforts to tackle environmental
crises that affect the entire planet.

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CURRENT CONDITION
OF OUR
ENVIRONMENT

Change is inevitable 5
Conservation and
Preservation of Environmental Status
Resources Evaluation

Environmental
Management

Environmental Environmental
Planning Legislation and
Administration
 • A decision making process aimed to carry
out development in consideration to the
natural environment, in general. Its goal is to
ENVIRONMENTAL
create sustainable outcomes while protecting
PLANNING
and conserving natural resources.

• Conservation and Preservation of Resources

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CONSERVATION AND PRESENTATION OF
RESOURCES

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 Preservation Conservation

Attempt to prevent the use Attempt to use a natural

CONCEPTS OF NATURAL of a natural resources resource in a way minimize
its exploitation
RESOURCES
Aim of preservation is to Aim is to maintain the
“preserve” or keep it intact resource in as good
as it is was condition as possible
 • Also known as environmental assessment.

• Process of estimating and calculating

significant short term and long term
outcomes and consequences of any
implemented undertakings with respect to its
ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS
impact on the environment.
EVALUATION
• After thorough evaluation, certain steps
must now be considered to reduce or
alleviate such effects to somehow
compensate for whatever damages incurred.

• Impact Assessment is based on

Environmental Assessment.
 What is an EIA?

An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is commonly

described as an assessment of the impact of planned activities
on the environment, including impacts on biodiversity,
vegetation and ecology, water, and air.
Environmental Impact
• Any change in the environment that is caused by an activity or a factor. The
change may be physical, biological, social, economic or political.

• The change may be caused directly by the activity (direct or primary impact) or
may result indirectly from an activity (indirect or secondary impact).
 PURPOSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT

• AN AID TO DECISION-MAKING
EIA provides systematic examination of the environmental implications of a
proposed action. It helps to clarify some of the trade-offs associated with a
proposed development action, thus making decision more rational.

• AN AID TO THE FORMULATION OF DEVELOPMENT ACTIONS

• AN INSTRUMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
• CHANGING PERSPECTIVES ON EIA ROLES FROM BEING REGULATORY
MEASURE TO ONE AS TOOLS FOR PLANNING.
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 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION AND
ADMINISTRATION

• The environmental administration is defined by its

legal content.

• The heart of environmental law management is

directed toward dealing with environmental pollution.

• The environmental policy centers on problems evolving

from the blows created by humans who triggered
negative impact not only on the environment, but more
importantly on our health.
 ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
(EMS)

"The part of the overall

management system that includes
organizational structure, planning
activities, responsibilities,
practices, procedures, processes
and resources for developing,
implementing achieving and
reviewing the environmental
policy." ISO14001

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An Environmental Management System objective is an
overall goal arising from the environmental policy
statement set by the organization.

Objective: Target: Improve roads and

bridges within five years

Reduce transportation
congestion
Target: Replace old vehicles
running for at least 10
years

Target: Invest in public

transportation like LRT,
MRT

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 WHAT
THEREFORE IS
THE OBJECTIVE
OF EMS?

• To reduce environmental
impacts.
• Increased environmental
concerns have created a
need for environmental
friendly practices i.e.
waste management

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 REDUCE

• Reduction means to make

something smaller
• Reducing waste
• Conservation
• Donating surplus and
unwanted stuff to reduce
junk

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 REUSE

• Use an item again more

than once.
• It may be reused for the
same purpose
(conventional reuse) or to
perform a different
function (creative reuse).
 RECYCLE

• to transform or convert
materials/waste into
reusable items. It subjects
objects through a process
or treatment that permits
them to be used again,
usually for a different
purpose.
EMS MODEL
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 PLAN

• Identifying environmental aspects, and impacts from facility

activities, products and services.
• Target/objective/goal setting.
• Implementation plan creation.
• Review legal requirements.
• Rule creation.
• Establish formal EMS program.
PLANNING THE EMS MUST INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

• Environmental aspects
• Legal & other requirements
• Objectives, targets & programs
 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

• Identify environmental aspects.

• Determine aspects with significant environmental
impact.
• Document and maintain in an aspects register.
• Ensure that significant environmental aspects are
the focus of the rest of the EMS.
PLANNING THE EMS MUST INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

• Environmental aspects
• Legal & other requirements
• Objectives, targets & programs
Legal and other requirements

•Identify environmental legal requirements applicable to the operations of the organization.

•Identify other environmental requirements to which the agency subscribes.
•Show how legal and other requirements apply to environmental aspects.
•Keep these up-to-date and incorporate them into other elements of the EMS.
 PLANNING THE EMS MUST INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

• Environmental aspects
• Legal & other requirements
• Objectives, targets & programs
Objectives, Targets, and Programs

• Objective: overall goal consistent with environmental policy that the agency wants to achieve.
• Target: detailed performance requirement to achieve objective
• Environmental program/action plan: To achieve objectives and targets includes responsibility, means
and time frame
 OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS

• Reduction of wastes and improvement of recycling rate

• Promotion of energy and resource conservation
• Proper control of chemical substances
• Development of environmentally benign products

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 DO

• Realization of policy/activities for the achievement of targets.

• Implementation of plans.
• Includes training and operational controls
• Observance of rules and legal systems.
 IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION

• Define roles and responsibilities.

• Provide EMS training.
• Establish internal and external communication mechanisms.
• Establish document control system.
• Establish operational controls.
• Integrate with or establish emergency preparedness procedures.

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 CHECK

• Check of target achievement status.

• Check of implementation plan.
• Check of state of observance of rules and legal systems.
• Includes monitoring and corrective action.

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 CHECK

• Conduct periodic monitoring of environmental performance.

• Identify root causes of findings and conduct corrective and
preventive actions.
• Maintain environmental records.
• Conduct periodic EMS audit.

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 ACT

• Initial response.
• Prevention/recurrence prevention.
• Implementation of evaluation.
• Includes progress reviews and acting to make needed
changes.

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 ACT

• Benefits of an Environmental Management System

• Helps maintain compliance.
• Reduce operating costs.
• Integrate environmental programs into mission.
• Increase employee involvement.
• Reduce environmental impacts.
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 BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION

• Lack of management support and commitment

• Inadequate resources
• Lack of support from staff
• Inadequate awareness and culture within the organization
• Lack of clear responsibilities and authorities
• EMS too complex for the organization
• Organizational politics & culture within functional areas
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