NETWORKING AND

TELECOMMUNICATION
P R E S E N T E D B Y : M S . M A R I E L L E A N G E L A R . E U S E B I O
INTRODUCTION
Network is an interconnection of different devices using
wired or wireless media to exchange data and
information.

The transmission of data and information from one

place to another for the purpose of communication is
known as telecommunication.

The process of sending and receiving data and

information between two or more than two people is
known as communication.
DATA COMMUNICATION MODE

Data communication is the process of transferring data and

information between computers and other electronic devices.

TWO TYPES OF DATA COMMUNICATION:

Simplex Mode - data and information that takes place in only
one direction. It is a unidirectional mode of data transmission.

Duplex Mode - data and information flow in both directions. It is

bi-directional mode of data transmission.
DATA COMMUNICATION MODE

TWO TYPES OF DUPLEX MODE:

Half Duplex - data and information that

flows in both directions but only one
direction at a time.

Full Duplex - data and information flow

in both direction simultaneously on
the transmission path.
COMPONENTS OF DATA
COMMUNICATION
1. Data (message): Data is to be communicated between the
sender and receiver.
2. Sender: A sender is a device used to transfer data.
3. Medium: Medium is a channel through which sender and
receiver make communication.
4. Receiver: Receiver is a device used to receive data.
5. Protocol: Protocol is a set of rules followed by sender and
receiver.
COMPONENTS OF DATA
COMMUNICATION
COMMUNICATION MEDIA

A channel or path through which data and information are

transmitted between connected devices in a network
environment. Communication media is also called transmission
media.

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION MEDIA

Guided (Wired/bounded) communication media
Unguided (Wireless/unbounded) communication media
GUIDED (WIRED/BOUNDED)
COMMUNICATION MEDIA
The media which uses cable or wire to transfer data and
information among computers.

THREE TYPES OF WIRE OR CABLE

a. Twisted Pair Wire - is made of
copper and a pair of wires are
twisted together and insulated
with plastic.
GUIDED (WIRED/BOUNDED)
COMMUNICATION MEDIA

THREE TYPES OF WIRE OR CABLE

b. Co-Axial Cable - made of

copper or aluminum wire with
an inner conductor surrounded
by an insulating layer and again
surrounded by conducting
shield.
GUIDED (WIRED/BOUNDED)
COMMUNICATION MEDIA

THREE TYPES OF WIRE OR CABLE

c. Fiber Optic Cable - made of

plastic or glass fiber to
transmit data. It uses light wave
to carry data signal from one
end of the cable to other end.
UNGUIDED (WIRELESS/UNBOUNDED)
COMMUNICATION MEDIA
A communication channel in which data and information
transferred between two devices without using wire or cable.

THREE TYPES OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Radio Wave - is an electronic magnetic
wave. The data and information can be
changed into audio signals using high
frequency wave on the basis of frequency,
amplitude and phase modulation.
UNGUIDED (WIRELESS/BOUNDED)
COMMUNICATION MEDIA
THREE TYPES OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Microwave - is high frequency wave

which is used to transfer signals
through atmosphere. It is also called
line of sight communication.
UNGUIDED (WIRELESS/BOUNDED)
COMMUNICATION MEDIA
THREE TYPES OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Satellite Communication- used to

transfer information wirelessly
worldwide after 1965. It is an artificial
satellite placed in outer space for the
purpose of telecommunication,
radio, television, Internet, etc.
UNGUIDED (WIRELESS/BOUNDED)
COMMUNICATION MEDIA
Satellite Communication
COMPUTER NETWORK

Computer network is a group of two or more computers and

devices connected to each other through wired or wireless
media to exchange data and information and share hardware,
software and other resources.
BASIC ELEMENTS OF THE NETWORK

1. NIC Card - NIC stands for Network

Interface Card. It connects all
computers in network. It is placed on
expansion slot of the motherboard.
BASIC ELEMENTS OF THE NETWORK

2. Connectors - used to connect communication media with

network devices. It provides data communication through NIC card.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONNECTORS

RJ-45 connector for UTP cable
BNC connector for co-axial cable
ST connector for fiber optics cable
BASIC ELEMENTS OF THE NETWORK

3. Hub - a network connectivity device with

multiple ports for connecting different
computers on the network. It connects
computers in a star topology.

4. Switch - network connectivity device

which joins multiple computers together
to share information among them. It co-
ordinate file server and computers. It works
faster than hub.
BASIC ELEMENTS OF THE NETWORK

5. Bridge - a network connectivity device

that interconnects two computer
networks having similar protocol.

6. Router - network connectivity device

that joins multiple wired or wireless
networks together. It works on the
principle of IP (Internet Protocol) address.
BASIC ELEMENTS OF THE NETWORK
7. Gateway - network connectivity device that interconnects two
networks having dissimilar communication protocols. It is also
called protocol converters. It sends data in any network layer.
BASIC ELEMENTS OF THE NETWORK

8. Repeater - network connectivity device that accepts weak

signals and regenerates them and after that sends the message
on their way.
BASIC ELEMENTS OF THE NETWORK

9. MODEM - stands for

Modulator and Demodulator.
The MODEM receives analog
signals from phone line and
converts into digital signals for
the computer is called
demodulation phase. It can
convert analog signal to digital
signal and the vice versa.
THANK YOU