Professional Documents
Culture Documents
REPORT
ON
“MODERN TECHNOLOGY IN LOGISTIC AND
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY”
Submitted by
SHUBHAM MAHESHWARI
Under the guidance of
Dr. KRISHNA KANT BHARTIY
(Assistant Professor)
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the
award of the Degree of
Of
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technological University
STEP-HBTI, KANPUR
UTTAR PRADESH
DECLARATION
Date- --------------------------------
SHUBHAM MAHESHWARI
STEP-HBTI, KANPUR
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the report titled ““MODERN
TECHNOLOGY IN LOGISTIC AND MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRY” being is a bonafide record of the project work done
and submitted by SHUBHAM MAHESHWARI in partial fulfilment of
the requirements for the award of the Degree of Master of Business
Administration SHUBHAM MAHESHWARI of STEP-HBTI KANPUR .
SHUBHAM MAHESHWARI
Originally, logistics played the vital role of moving military personnel, equipment and goods.
While logistics is as important as ever in the military, the term today is more commonly used in
the context of moving commercial goods within the supply chain.
Many companies specialize in logistics, providing the service to manufacturers, retailers and
other industries with a large need to transport goods. Some own the full gamut of infrastructure,
from jet planes to trucks, warehouses and software, while others specialize in one or two parts.
FedEx, UPS and DHL are well-known logistics providers.
Typically, large retailers or manufacturers own major parts of their logistics network. Most
companies, however, outsource the function to third-party logistics providers .
Functions of logistics
Transportation and warehousing are the two major functions of logistics.
Transportation management focuses on planning, optimizing and executing the use of vehicles
to move goods between warehouses, retail locations and customers. The transportation is
multimodal and can include ocean, air, rail and roads.
Not surprisingly, transportation management is a complex process that involves planning and
optimizing routes and shipment loads, order management, freight auditing and payment. It can
also extend to yard management, a process which oversees the movement of vehicles through
the yards outside manufacturing plants, warehouses and distribution facilities. Carrier
management is an important aspect since the price, availability and capacity of transportation
carriers can vary widely.
Logistics companies typically use transportation management system (TMS) software to help
meet the demands of transport-related logistics. There are also niche applications, such as yard
management systems.
Customs management, or global trade management, is often considered part of logistics since
the paperwork to show compliance with government regulations must often be processed where
goods cross national boarders or enter shipping ports.
Artificial intelligence (AI) and driverless vehicle technology will play important parts in how
logistics operates in the future. Some logistics providers already use AI to better track packages
and predict transport-related problems in the supply chain. Meanwhile, autonomous vehicles,
such as driverless forklifts, delivery trucks and drones, are likely to become more commonplace
in warehouses, in warehouse yards and on highways.
Suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and retailers have had to improve their logistics processes
to meet the demand for quicker, more convenient delivery of a wider variety of goods. They
also have had to better integrate their processes and systems to improve supply chain visibility.
Difference between logistics and Supply Chain Management
Logistics management is an important component of supply chain management (SCM). While
the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, logistics focuses on moving products and
materials as efficiently as possible. In contrast, SCM encompasses a much broader range of
supply chain planning (SCP) activities, such as demand planning and sales and operations
planning (S&OP), and supply chain execution (SCE), including strategic sourcing and
transportation management.
Disruptive forces are always at work, reshaping the way companies think about innovation,
operate a business, and make strategies about the future. Technology is breaking the boundaries
and changing how people do business globally. The introduction of technological advances in
business processes leads to significant developments in the logistics industry as well.
Logistics process automation leads to a significant increase in workflow flexibility and
performance. Newer technology has also improved supply chain efficiency by lowering costs
and reducing mistakes. To stay cutting-edge and competitive, logistics companies must
remain updated about the new and evolving developments, from new technologies to explore to
changing regulations that necessitate the latest strategies and tactics to ensure compliance.
Companies that combine the latest trends and apply them in a way that takes advantage of both
conventional and established technologies are making significant progress. This also results in a
significant impact on customer service and a major increase in customer loyalty.
Let us now find out what the latest technologies for the logistics industry are and how they help
grow business.
#2 Internet of Things
A network of devices that track and pass physical information on the Internet without human
interaction is known as the Internet of Things. IoT increases inventory management efficiency
at all stages of the supply chain by increasing visibility.
The integration of IoT in the logistics and supply chain industries increases efficiency, real-
time inventory visibility, & fleet management. This allows for more precise visibility of goods
while in transit and on-time delivery of goods. As a customer, you can save much time and
money because of this technology.
#3 Blockchain
Blockchain provides encryption by using a decentralized ledger framework and addressing
critical traceability and related issues. The whole logistics process becomes more transparent as
a result of this.
Furthermore, smart contracts based on blockchain technology allow faster acceptance and
clearance by reducing checkpoint processing time. Blockchain technology speeds up the
process from start to end and helps deliver the material quickly and efficiently.
#4 Robotics
Logistics robotics improves supply chain operations speed and accuracy and also reduces
human error. Robots have more uptime and improved efficiency compared to the human. On
the other hand, robots do not take on human jobs; they collaborate instead to enhance
productivity.
Physical robots such as co-bots and autonomous mobile robots are used to select and transport
goods in warehouses and storage. In addition, the software robots carry out repetitive and
worldly activities, giving people more time to do more important activities. This increased
efficiency of the whole operation results in more safe and secure delivery of the products.
#6 Cloud Computing
Pay-per-use models with a low capital investment are possible with cloud computing solutions
for logistics companies. This reduces the risk and expense of IT infrastructure maintenance.
Cloud-based logistics systems also eliminate connectivity barriers, allowing businesses to
collaborate and exchange data safely.
In addition, cloud integration enables data from management systems to be collected and
analyzed to understand overall logistic processes better. Finally, cloud-integrated logistics can
be accessed from anywhere and is not limited by physical space. This technology impacts the
overall cost of the operations and reduces the transportation cost. As a result, you can transport
the material at a far lesser price.
#7 Warehouse Automation
Warehouses need an efficient mix of automation technologies to manage their operations. The
reduction of human interaction enhances performance, speed, and productivity in warehouse
automation.
Automated guided cars & robot picking are examples that can minimize the number of errors
and enhance warehouse productivity resulting in better handling of the materials.
#8 Autonomous Vehicles
Autonomous vehicles reduce human errors, boost vehicle safety, and transport products safely.
They improve first- and last-mile delivery quality because they are built to operate 24 hours a
day, 7 days a week.
Furthermore, autonomous vehicles increase fuel efficiency for long-haul routes by using
innovative strategies, reducing traffic delays, and optimizing travel routes with AI-enhanced
technology. This results in fast, secure, and cost-effective delivery of the product.
#9 Elastic Logistics
Elastic logistics addresses supply chain companies' issues, such as vessel underutilization,
warehousing restrictions, and overstocking. Companies can perform supply chain operations
more efficiently with elastic logistics during times of fluctuating demand.
It enables supply chain operations to be scaled up or down as required, depending on market
demand, thereby providing more cost-effective solutions to the end customers.
#10 Last-Mile Delivery
The final phase of the supply chain, from the production or completion center through to the
consumer, is often ineffective and represents a substantial proportion of the total cost of the
movement of goods. As a matter of fact, the most important aspect of logistics is last-mile
distribution, as customer loyalty is connected directly with it. The combination of several
integrated and modern technologies leads to efficient last-mile delivery of the products.
THE EMERGENCE OF SMART FACTORIES AND
INDUSTRY 4.0
Industry 4.0 is driven by massive digital transformation in the manufacturing industry powered
by the Internet of Things (IoT). Manufacturers are augmenting factories and machines with a
network of sensors and intelligent devices collecting data to drive artificial intelligence (AI)-
enabled insights, visibility, and predictive analytics. The global study, Emerging Technologies:
The competitive edge for Finance and Operations, surveyed 700 finance and operations leaders
across 13 countries and found that emerging technologies (AI, IoT, blockchain, digital
assistants and more) have passed the adoption tipping point. These technologies are exceeding
expectations and creating significant competitive advantage for adopters. The survey found that
respondents who incorporated IoT data into their supply chain systems and workflows
shortened their time to produce and fulfill orders by an average of more than six business days.
They also reduced downtime by 26% and increased productivity by 76%. Oracle’s IoT
Intelligent Applications Cloud offering includes a suite of applications, Asset Monitoring,
Production Monitoring, Fleet Monitoring, and Connected Worker, that help customers maintain
business continuity, improve efficiencies, achieve digital transformation, and enable complete
IoT solutions across industries including healthcare, utilities, logistics, oil & gas, and
manufacturing
The Challenges
Before implementing Oracle IoT Intelligent Application Cloud’s Production Monitoring application,
Titan International faced two major challenges:
1. Low visibility into shop floor operations , causing shipment delays and backlogs
2. Inaccurate inventory details due to human error
3. Lack of real time data about the movement of wheels through the conveyors, because of this, the
shipping department could not accurately estimate completion time for customer pickups. This led
to long wait times for trucks, bottlenecks, extra labor costs, and shipping delays.
Unplanned Maintenance
2. Lack of visibility into machine health led to manual maintenance schedules as opposed to
automated schedules.
3. Inability to run predictive analysis to predict machine breakdown.
In addition to these challenges, Titan had disparate software solutions for scheduling, production
completion, label printing, and time and attendance management - all of which hindered their ability
to optimize production.
The business needed the maintenance team to focus on shop floor automation, with the ability to
monitor machine health, preform analysis, predict failure, and optimize preventive maintenance
schedules.
Titan International worked with their system integrator partner, Deloitte, to implement Production
Monitoring in three phases:
Phase 1 — Plan Pilot and Go Live
The first phase achieved the following objectives:
1.Production Monitoring went live on a single production line: the paint line for
shop floor automation
2. Titan achieved immediate and automatic completion of work orders
With the positive outcomes from Phase 1, Titan felt confident to proceed with their vision for the
smart factory. They decided to expand the Oracle’s IoT solution into additional production lines at
the Quincy, IL plant.
2.Titan averaged three go-lives and six production lines every two months, along with process
and technology standardization
3.The integrated solution provided real-time reporting of scrap and rejections, automated
and flexible product label printing, on-line communication between production lines, and
accurate ETA data for the shipping team to schedule customer deliveries
Standardizing technology and processes helped Titan monitor all production lines with standardized
metrics, helping them improve on-time customer deliveries.
2. Pilot go-lives with selected device monitoring, such as paint line, oven temperatures,
and drive motors
3. Achieve exception-based management, diagnose the root causes for unplanned
downtime, and use predictive analytics for better maintenance management
Titan International sees Industry 4.0 as a continuous journey to maintain their competitive position.
They’re seeking to continuously identify opportunities to meet critical business needs, explore
technology solutions, deploy them in a phased approach, and help enhance their factory staff’s
experience and production levels. Oracle’s long-term commitment to investing in, and continuously
updating cloud technologies was one of the key reasons that Titan International selected Oracle as
its technology partner.
Over the past few years, logistics operations have become increasingly complex
owing to supplier relationships networked across geographies, multipart customer
orders, and numerous milestones to manage in supply chains. Consumers’ growing
preference for online shopping, too, has increased the number of shipments
handled each day.
While businesses expect their logistics partners to help them with quick and
efficient order fulfilment, the service providers face their own challenges. Some of
these concern -
Managing fuel costs – While logistics companies have no hold over rising fuel
prices, they can certainly minimise their expenses by checking driver behaviour
such as unnecessary idling and using improper routes. It also allows them to
contribute to a greener supply chain. Unfortunately, most companies do not have a
system to monitor driving styles.
IoT plays a key role in addressing the industry’s and its stressed workforce’s
challenges. It helps to:
Any supply chain manager can reap these benefits with customised, easy-to-
deploy, and manageable IoT products. Tata Tele Business Services (TTBS) offers
end-to-end IoT solutions to support real-time tracking and facilitate informed
decision-making in the logistics sector. These include:
Asset Management
Our GPS-based Asset Management tool helps logistics companies trace the real-
time location of their consignments in transit. It is a sleek plug-n-play device that
can be placed in any container or vehicle and has a battery life of three to four
days.
The tool’s special sensors help geofence assets to alert the back-office team if the
shipments drift into areas not defined as authorised delivery routes.
Fleet Management
For organisations maintaining vehicle fleets to transport bulk consignments, TTBS
provides the Fleet Management Solution. The tool incorporates GPS sensors not
only to track the concerned vehicle’s location but also to keep a tab on the driving
style and fuel consumption.
Monitoring a truck/van in real-time assists the management team in ensuring the
driver’s compliance to speed limits and avoid excessive idling and fuel wastage. It
also provides geofencing entry/exit alerts and helps to keep a record of the total
distance travelled by each vehicle.
In addition, TTBS Fleet Management comes with temperature sensors to ensure
that medicines and perishable food products are being transported in suitable
storage conditions
Workforce Management
To support logistics operations, TTBS also offers its Workforce
Management system. Using this tracking tool, organisations can track their field
force, including their check-in/check-out timing, the number of hours worked, and
the locations they travelled to.
A thoughtfully planned mix of features – such as route definition and assignment,
movement report, route replay, geofencing, task assignment via SMS, leave
management, and an SMS button for emergency alerts – makes Workforce
Management a very handy solution. Companies ready to adopt digitalisation for
more productive operations and better customer service can derive measurable
benefits from its deployment.
By automating the mobile workforce administration, this IoT system also prevents
the errors accompanying manual data entries. It improves team collaboration to
address the challenge of low productivity.
As logistics companies plan for the Industry 4.0 phase, the ones that
ignore the advantages of IoT channels risk falling behind their
competitors. With the constant evolution of IoT technologies, we will
only see more benefits for supply chain management in the foreseeable
future. The right time to invest in them is now.
IoT in FMCG Industry and Future Applications
Supply chain management is the greatest demand of FMCG industry thus gradually
adopting IoT (Internet of Things) technologies in a big way to benefit from cost
reduction, asset management, utilization, productivity and efficient improvements.
The connected supply chain management is the next big thing in FMCG industry
which is helping to reduce downtime due to material shortage and supplier delays.
IoT is helping FMCG segment by providing insights on understanding consumer
behavior and patterns.
These companies are exploring the commercial potential in the IoT data which
provides insights on customer’s behavior, needs and wants. FMCG companies are
shifting towards a data driven environment where companies are using data in
store management, mobile platforms and social media marketing. The FMCG
companies are currently focusing these key areas namely, direct consumer
relationship, mobile and location based services, predictive analysis, demand
driven supply chain management, idea to product acceleration, safety &
traceability and sustainability.
IoT in FMCG industry is being used in location based marketing, supply chain
management, weather forecasting, material management, customer engagement,
asset management and tracking. Using the data provided by IoT solution like
location of consumer, the customized offer can be sent through push notification or
App marketing. On other end, inside the store sensors will detect a customer’s vital
statics like height, weight, BMI etc and suggest the items based on their health.
These personalized marketing and promotion activities will help companies to
improve sales and customer service experience.