Solution

WORK POWER ENERGY

Class 11 - Physics
1. (a) 1.3 m
Explanation: Using the work-energy theorem, change in kinetic energy = work done by the friction force
ΔK  =Wf

2
m (v
2
f
− vi )
2
 = -fd
1 25

2
m (v
2
f
− vi )
2
 = −mg × 100
× d

1 25

2
m [(1.65)
2
− (3) ]
2
 = −m × 9.8 × 100
× d
1 25
× (2.7225 − 9) = −9.8 × × d
2 100
6.2775 25
− = −9.8 × × d
2 100
6.2775×100
d =  2×9.8×25
 = 1.3 m

2. (a) 49000 J
Explanation: Work done by force applied against gravity for one lift will be
W = Fs = mgh = 10 × 9.8 × 0.5 = 49J
So work done for 1000 lifts = 49 × 1000 = 49000 J

3. (a) 140 Js-1

Explanation: P = F ⃗ ⋅ v ⃗ 
= (10^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
i  + 10 j  + 20k) ⋅ (5 i  - 3 j  + 6k)

= 10 ×  5 + 10 ×  (-3) + 20 ×  6

= 50 - 30 + 120 = 140 Js-1
4. (c) 4.48 m/s
Explanation: from work-energy theorem
change in kinetic energy = work done
ΔK = W

Kf - Ki = Fs
1

2
mv
2
− 0  = Fs 
m = 4.30Kg,   s = 1.2m,  F = 36N
vf = vm/s,  vi = 0
1 2
mv = Fs
2

4.3 × v2 = 36 × 1.2
1
×
2
−−−−−−−
36×1.2×2
v = √  = 4.48m/s
4.3

5. (b) 4.8 kJ
Explanation: By conservation of momentum,
MV = m1v1 + m2v2
3 ×  0 = 2 ×  v1 + 1 ×  80

v1 = -40 ms-1

Total energy imparted to the two fragments
1 2 1 2
= m1 v + m2 v
2 1 2 2

=  2
1 2 1
× 2 ×  (40)  +  × 1 ×  (80)
2
2

= 4800 J = 4.8 kJ
6. (d) 953 N/m
Explanation: The potential energy of spring converted into potential energy

1/7
INSTA FORUM: coaching for CBSE | NEET | JEE(M&A)
 1
kx
2
 = mgh
2
−3
2mgh 2×35×10 ×9.8×20
k= 2
= 0.12×0.12
 = 953N/m
x

7. (d) 3.5 J
2 2
2
x
Explanation: W = ∫  dW = ∫  (2 + x)dx = [2x + 2
]
1
1

= 2(2 - 1) +  2  (22 - 12)

1

3
= 2 +  2 = 3.5 J
8. (a) none of these
Explanation: If the spring is compressed by the block through length x, then
mg (h + x) =   kx2
1

2
−−−−
2
−−−−−−
1 2mg 2mg 8mgh
On solving, x =  2 [ ± √ + ]
k k k

9. (d) Total linear momentum

Explanation: Since no external forces are acting on the colliding bodies during a collision, thus total linear
momentum is always conserved in all types of collisions.

10. (d) 6.45×  10-3 kg

Explanation: Work done by force applied against gravity for one lift will be
W = Fs = mgh = 10 × 9.8 × 0.5 = 49J
So work done for 1000 lifts = 49 × 1000 = 49000 J
W ork done
efficiency =
energy f rom f at

W ork done
energy from fat used = ef f iciency

W 49000
E =  η
=
0.2
 = 245000J

Energy from per kilogram fat =  3.8 ×  107 J

 = 64473 ×  10-7 = 6.45 × 10-3 Kg
245000
Fat used = 7
3.8×10

 mv3
1
11. (b) 2

Explanation: K =   mv2
1

For constant v,
dK 1 2 dm
= v
dt 2 dt

 v2 ⋅ m ⋅ v =   mv3
1 2 dm dx 1 1
=  v ⋅ =
2 dx dt 2 2
dm
[ = m = mass per unit length]
dx

12. (a) F must be non-conservative

Explanation: As the work done by the force depends on the path followed by the particle between its two
positions, the force must be non-conservative.
13. (b)

Explanation: Here, P = [ML2T-3] = constant

2 3 3
L
3
 = constant or L ∝ T 2  or displacement (d) ∝ t 2

T
3

or, s  ∝ t 2

2/7
INSTA FORUM: coaching for CBSE | NEET | JEE(M&A)
14. (b) 1.8 m/s
Explanation: ΔK = W
F = 12N
f = μ R = μ mg = 0.15 × 6 ×  9.8 = 8.82N
Fnet = F - f = 12 - 8.82 = 3.18N

1/2mv2 - 1/2mu2 = W
1/2mv2-0 = Fnet x x
(
1
× 6× v )
2
= 3.18 × 3
2

3v2 = 3.18 ×  3
v2 = 3.18v = 1.8m/sec
15. (b) 2.54 m/s
Explanation: Height of ramp 
h = lsin30o  = 1 × 1/2 = 0.5m
from work kinetic energy theorem
Kf - Ki = Wmg + Wf

mv2 - 0 = mgh + fd
1

 × 3v2 = (3 ×  9.8 × 0.5) + [5 × ( - 1)]

1

v2 = 14.7 - 5
3

v2 = 9.7 ×
2

3
−−−−
9.7×2
v = √ 3
 = 2.54m/s

16. (b) 1 m/s to the left

Explanation: from conservation of linear momentum initial momentum = final momentum
p i⃗  = p f
⃗ 

(500 ×  0) + [500 × (−2)] = (500 + 500)v

- 1000 = 1000v
v = −1m/s negative sign indicates that cars move to the left.
17. (b) 8.5 cm
Explanation: For maximum compression of spring, kinetic energy will be converted into the potential
energy of spring.
1 2 1 2
kx = mv
2 2
2
2 mv 6×3×3
x = =
k 2
75×10
−−−−−
6×3×3
x = √ 2
 = 0.085m = 8.5cm
75×10

18. (c) Momentum is conserved in all collisions but not kinetic energy.
Explanation: Momentum is conserved in all collisions but not kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is conserved
only in an elastic collision.
Mv
19. (a) m

Explanation: By conservation of momentum,

Mv = m ×  0 + mv′
′ Mv
∴ v =
m

20. (c) 8.82 J

Explanation: The whole of the potential energy of bolt converted into heat energy 
heat produced by the impact = mgh = 0.3 × 9.8 × 3 = 8.82J
21. (d) 2 m/s
Explanation: Inelastic collision (e = 1) if the mass of colliding bodies is the same then their velocities after
collision interchanged.
m1 = m2 = m

3/7
INSTA FORUM: coaching for CBSE | NEET | JEE(M&A)
 u1 = 0
u2 = 2m/s
m1 −m2 2m2
v1 = (
m1 +m2
) u1 + (
m1 +m2
) u2  = 2m/s
2m1 m2 −m1
v2 = (
m1 +m2
) u1 + (
m1 −m2
) u2  = 0

22. (d) zero

Explanation: Motion without slipping implies pure rolling. During pure rolling work done by the frictional
force is zero.
23. (a) none of these
Explanation: W = Fs cosθ
25 = 10 ×  10 cosθ
cosθ  =  1
4

   = cos-1 (
1
⇒ θ ) 
4

3
24. (c) v
5

Explanation: Mass of an α-particle is four times the mass of a neutron

∴  m1 = m, m2 = 4m,

u1 = v, u2 = 0, v1 = ?

m1 −m2 2m2
v1 = ⋅ u1 + ⋅ u2
m1 +m2 m1 +m2
m−4m 3
=
m+4m
⋅ v + 0 = − 5 v
 
km
25. (d) 1 
hour

Explanation: By conservation of momentum,

m ×  3 + 2m ×  0 = (m + 2m)v
km
v = 1 
hour

26. (b) ball 2 moves with a velocity of 2 m/s

Explanation: In the elastic collision (e = 1) if the mass of colliding bodies is the same then their velocities
after collision interchanged.
m1 = 150gm
m2 = 150gm
u1 = 2m/s
u2 = −1.5m/s
m1 −m2 2m2
v1 = (
m1 +m2
) u1 + (
m1 +m2
) u2  = −u2 = −1.5m/s
2m1 m2 −m1
v2 = ( m ) u1 + ( ) u2  = u1 = 2 m/s
1 + m2 m1 −m2

so that ball 2 moves with a velocity of 2 m/s

27. (a) Force and displacement are perpendicular to each other
Explanation: Work done, W = Fdcosθ
where θ  is the angle between F and d. If both are perpendicular then θ  = 90 degrees, so cosθ  = 0  and thus
work done is zero.
28. (c)

Explanation: As the earth moves once around the sun in its elliptical orbit, when the earth is closest to the

4/7
INSTA FORUM: coaching for CBSE | NEET | JEE(M&A)
 sun, speed of the earth is maximum, hence KE is maximum. When the earth is farthest from the sun speed
is minimum, hence KE is minimum but never zero and negative.
29. (b) time dependence
Explanation: According to the work-energy theorem, the net work done on a body equals the change in its
kinetic energy. So it does not give any information about time dependence. 
30. (a)

Explanation: When a pendulum oscillates in air, its total mechanical energy decreases loses energy
continuously in overcoming resistance due to air., Therefore, the total mechanical energy of the pendulum
decreases exponentially with time. The variation of E vs t is correctly represented by a curve in which the
relation between energy and time is shown.
m
31. (a) 20 sec
Explanation: By conservation of momentum,
m ×  20 + m ×  0 = m ×  0 + m ×  v
∴  v = 20 ms-1
m
32. (a) 2.5 sec
Explanation: By conservation of momentum,
5 ×  10 + 20 ×  0 = (10 + 20) ×  v
 = 2.5 ms-1
50
∴  v = 
20

33. (a) 360000 J, 101 m/s

Explanation: Energy = P × Time = 100 × 1Hr
Energy = 100 × 1 × 60 × 60 = 360000 J
for a 70 Kg man K =
1 2
mv  
2
−
−− −−−−−−
2K 2×360000
speed of man v = √ m
= √  = 101m/s
70

34. (c) at first, greater than mg, and later becomes equal to mg.
Explanation: In the process of squatting on the ground, he gets straight up and stands. Then he is tilted
somewhat, the man exerts a variable force on the ground to balance his weight, hence he also has to
balance frictional force besides his weight in this case.
N = Normal reaction force = friction + mg  ⇒ N > mg
Once the man gets straight up that variable force = 0
 ⇒ Normal reaction force = mg

35. (a)

Explanation: When an iron sphere falls freely in a lake, its motion is accelerated due to gravity and
retarded due to viscous force. The overall effect is an increase in velocity and hence the increase in kinetic
energy till the sphere acquires terminal velocity which is constant. Hence, the kinetic energy of the sphere
beyond this depth of lake becomes constant. 
2
36. (d) 3
 m/s
Explanation: By conservation of momentum,

5/7
INSTA FORUM: coaching for CBSE | NEET | JEE(M&A)
 10 ×  2 + 20 ×  0 = (10 + 20) ×  v
 ms-1
20 2
v =  30 =
3

37. (a) [M1L0T-2]

Explanation: W =  2  kx2
1

∴  [M1L2T-2] = [k] [L2]

or [k] = [M1L0T-2]

38. (b) 3.77 ×  1026 W

Explanation: The energy liberated per second 
E = mc2 = 4.19 × 109 × 3 × 108 × 3 × 108 = 37.71 × 1025 J
power output of the sun is equal to energy output per second 
25

 = 3.77 × 1026 W
W 37.71×10
P =  t
=
1

39. (c) Newton

Explanation: In the International System of Units (SI) the newton is the unit for force. It is equal to the
amount of net force required to accelerate a mass of one kilogram at a rate of 1 m/sec2 in direction of the
applied force. It is named after Isaac Newton in recognition of his work on classical mechanics, specifically
Newton's second law of motion.
40. (d) Work is done by an applied force on a body moving on a rough horizontal plane with uniform velocity.
Explanation: When a body is moving on a rough horizontal surface then there will be 2 forces acting on
the body   
i. Applied force ( in the direction of motion)
ii. friction ( opposite to the direction of motion)
As applied force is in the same direction as displacement so work is done will be positive.
41. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: For conservative forces, the sum of kinetic and potential energies at any point remains
constant throughout the motion. It does not depend upon time, this is known as law of conservation of
mechanical energy. According to this rule,
Kinetic energy + Potential Energy = E = Constant 
or ΔT + ΔU = 0 or ΔT = −ΔU  
42. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The work done, W = F ⃗ ⋅ s ⃗  = Fscosθ , when a person walks on a horizontal road with a load on
his head than θ = 90o. Hence W = Fs cos 90o = 0
Thus no work is done by the person.
43. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Cement floor being hard, stops the fall of them an immediately, i.e., At is very small. In case
of heap of sand, momentum of all of the man is reduced to zero in a much longer time. Hence,
f Δt = F ΔT = ΔP  

as Δt << ΔT  so f >> F

(where f and F are impulse applied by a cement floor and heap of sand.)
44. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Mutual impulsive forces act at the time of the collision. So, it does not depend on the nature
of the force.
In all collisions, total linear momentum is conserved since the force exerted on the first particle is equal
and opposite to the force exerted on the second particle (from Newton's third law of motion).
So, assertion and reason both are true and the reason explains the assertion.
45. (a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for
assertion.

6/7
INSTA FORUM: coaching for CBSE | NEET | JEE(M&A)
46. (a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for
assertion.
47. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
48. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
⃗ 
⃗  ma × (at) = ma2t
F ⋅s ⃗ 
 = F ⋅⃗ v = 
W
Explanation: Power =  t
=
t

∴ P ∝  t
Thus power is proportional to time.
49. (d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: When a body slides down on an inclined plane, the angle between the direction of motion,
i.e., displacement and frictional force is equal to 180o (∵ Friction always acts in a direction opposite to the
direction of the motion).
Hence W = F ⃗ ⋅ s ⃗ = F s cos θ = Fs cos 180o = -ve
i.e., work done by friction on a body sliding down an inclined plane is negative.
50. (b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: At sufficiently high speed (comparable to the speed of light) the law of newtonian mechanics
are no longer precisely correct but must be replaced by the more general relations predicted by the special
relativity. The relativistic kinetic energy K is given by:
2
mc
K =  2
− mc  
2
v
√1−
c2

The expression becomes very large as v becomes equal to c and predicts infinitely large energy at v = c.
This suggests physically would require an infinite quantity of energy which is not possible.

7/7
INSTA FORUM: coaching for CBSE | NEET | JEE(M&A)