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April 15, 2013 at 16:21
PBX Aastra MX-ONE TSW - Introduction to
Administration Basics
 From the sandbox
 Tutorial
Recently, our organization switched to using the Aastra MX-ONE TSW PBX as the main
telephone exchange. Until this moment, I have not heard the name of this brand, much less the
model of this station. Therefore, I had to study it from scratch using the ALEX library and the
help of colleagues. Unfortunately, this station is not as common as, for example, Avaya or
Panasonic. Apparently, therefore, it was not possible to find any useful sane documentation in
Russian on the net right away. Such information was also not found on Habré, which became a
further incentive to write this article.

Today I will try to explain the basics of the device of this PBX, as well as highlight the simplest
commands for working with subscriber numbers, which may be required for daily maintenance
of the station. The ALEX library, although it is an almost exhaustive storehouse of information
on the MX-ONE TSW, it is often difficult to understand its adapted translation from Swedish
into English exactly as the developers intended. I tried to write an article that would help me a lot
at the initial stage of studying this PBX. Because The MX-ONE TSW administration topic is
very voluminous and cannot be contained in one article; in this article I will only consider
aspects of the design of this PBX and work with subscriber numbers. I hope that for someone
this essay will be useful and will help save valuable time. If you are interested, welcome.

The principle of the device PBX MX-ONE TSW

TSW is an institutional production PBX. This station is based on the principles of digital
switching. TSW is a modular station. The two main modules that make up TSW are the Line
Interface Module (LIM) and the Group Switch.
LIM - Line Interface Module. Each LIM has its own control system and its own switch. The LIM
switch is a digital switching system in which connections are established between all parties
involved in the connection. The LIM switch is built in a fully accessible circuit without internal
locks and is implemented on the principle of temporary switching. This means that the
subscribers of the station are completely independent of each other. In case of unavailability /
malfunction of one subscriber, other subscribers will not be affected in any way. The temporary
switch consists of one main board - the LIM switching unit (LSU) and includes up to four
distribution boards - distributed switching units (DSU), one board for each store that is part of
one LIM.
Thus, LIM can be both a self-contained autonomous system and part of a distributed multi-LIM
system. Group switches (GS) are used to build a multi-LIM system, i.e. for communication of
several LIM'ov among themselves. LIM is, roughly speaking, a cabinet containing shops, a
power controller, batteries, a switch, ventilation equipment, etc. LIM is an independent system.
Even if a certain LIM is isolated from other modules (LIM), it will continue to process the load.
Thus, the MX-ONE TSW architecture is distributed and scalable. MX-ONE TSW supports up to
124 LIMs.
A store is a kind of “box” containing a backplain bus into which various boards are inserted. For
example, subscriber, processor, input-output cards, etc. The store has 256 time slots (8 card slots
of 32 time slots), which is the maximum possible number of time slots that can be processed by
two DSU cards.
Subrack is the physical union of two stores.
Board position - the place where a particular board is installed in the store. It corresponds to a
certain risk in the store. Risks are numbered as 00, 10, 20, 30 ...
Time slot - the logical position of the number on the monthly fee. Each digital or analog
subscriber card is designed for 32 subscribers.

Interaction with MX-ONE TSW

The station can be controlled either by connecting directly to the NIU (Network Interface Unit)
board via the RS-232 serial port (COM port), or by using Telnet connection. In the latter case,
the station must have an IPLU board on board with the configured characteristics of the network
adapter (at least the IP address and subnet mask). For ease of management, Ericsson (before its
products were bought by Aastra) developed the WinFIOL program (File Transfer and OnLine
PC program). This program allows you to create several different channels (connections) to
different stations. There is nothing complicated in setting up a connection in WinFIOL, so I will
not stop there. I will give only an example of the working window of the WinFIOL program:
The screen is divided into two parts: the lower part is used to enter commands, and the upper part
to display responses from the station.
Immediately, I note that each command must end with a semicolon ";" - such a syntax. The mode
of communication with the station is command-based - entered a command, received a response,
entered the next command. If you have many of the same type and not very commands, then for
convenience WinFIOL supports batch processing of commands. To do this, go to the File - New
menu, and in the window that opens, insert the list of commands that we want to execute. The
list of commands can be preliminarily prepared in any convenient text editor. One command on a
line, which, as I said earlier, should end with a semicolon. After that, select all this stuff Ctrl + A
and press F4 - the station starts to execute commands in turn. You can configure WinFIOL in
which cases you should pause. This can be done in the Run - Traffic Setup menu:
Communication with the station occurs by entering MML (Man-machine Language) commands.
Each team is an abbreviation of three components:

1. A group of teams
2. The function that a particular team carries
3. The necessary action to be performed. The most common types of actions:
P - print (from lat. Print)
I - initialize, create (from lat. Initiation)
E - stop, delete (logically this action is the opposite of commands ending in I)
S - install (from lat. Set )
C - change (from lat. Change)
R - cancel / reset (from lat. Reset)
T - transmit (from lat. Transmit)

A team consists of the name of the team, most often followed by one or more parameters. The
command syntax is as follows:

<command name>: [parameter1 = value1, parameter2 = value2, ... parameterN = valueN1

& (&&) N2];

: - A colon separates the command part from the parameter part.
, - a comma separates one parameter from another.
& - used to indicate individual parameter values. For example, cat = 3 & 5 - means that the
parameter values cat 3 and 5 will be passed to the command.
&& - used to indicate the range of parameters. For example, cat = 3 && 5 - means that the
command will be passed all values from 3 to 5 inclusive (i.e. 3,4,5).
; - The semicolon always ends the command.
The maximum number of characters in a command is 200. All characters are transmitted in
ASCII codes.

Command example:

So, now we begin to consider the basic commands that may be required in everyday life to meet
the needs of users. Before starting to work with any subscriber number, I recommend that you
execute the sudip command; by this number - this command displays exhaustive information on
the subscriber:
1. Type of directory number: DTS.

This, as you have already guessed, is the type of subscriber number. Here he is DTS - which
means Digital Telephone System, he's a digital subscriber. Still there are such types of numbers
as:
ATS - Analog Telephone System, analog subscriber.
GENERIC - the so-called "generic". I will not talk in detail about generics in this article. this is a
bit beyond. I can only say that the generic is not tied to the station's hardware position - it is a
kind of virtual number.
2. Name: ATC_1999.

The name of the subscriber to be displayed on the screen of the called subscriber. If the called
subscriber has an analog telephone, then to display the name of the calling subscriber it is
necessary that this unit has a display and supports the Caller ID function.
The subscriber name is set by the niini command;

The syntax of the command is as follows:

niini: dir = 1999, name1 = ”First Name”, name2 = ”Last Name”;

Of the interesting here is the following feature. The Name2 parameter is optional and you can
restrict yourself to entering the entire name in the Name1 parameter. In this case, the name string
cannot exceed 20 characters. It often happens that an organization uses telephones with different
display characteristics - single-line, multi-line, and also with a different number of displayed
characters. In the event that the phone of the called party cannot fully display the value of the
name of the calling party Name1, then the Name1 field is trimmed by the number of characters
that are placed on the display of the called party. If the name was entered using two fields
Name1 + Name2, then the first field Name1 is truncated by the first character, and the value of
the second field Name2 is printed as far as the called party’s display allows. The fields Name1 +
Name2 in total can take up to 19 characters + 1 character per space between them. For example,
if we set the name for the number with the command:

niini: dir = 1999, name1 = ”Adamiuskis”, name2 = ”Karbaus”; - then the called device will
display the following value on the display: “A Karbaus”.
It is also possible to enter phone numbers and their corresponding names in the telephone
database (book) of the station. At the same time, the ability to view this directory from phones
that support this option becomes available. You can make an entry in the general phone book
using the same command, using the Name parameter:
niini: dir = 1999, name = ”Adamiuskis Karbaus”; - in this case, the length of the Name field
should also not exceed 20 characters.

3. The hardware position of the subscriber number.

equ = 2-0-70-01 (from the English equipment - equipment) - this line means that this number is
contained (assigned) in the 2nd LIM, the 0th store, at the 70th position, in 1 th time slot of a
monthly fee.

4. Categories of subscribers.

A subscriber category is his class of service that defines the rights and authorization levels of a
particular user to perform a specific operation. In total, up to 64 categories can be defined in the
system. A category contains a number of parameters with specific values. The category must first
be created, and then it can be assigned to the subscriber.
You can view the list of all categories with their properties with the command:
You can view the properties of a specific category No. 3 with the command:

As you can see from the output of the command, the category contains several parameters: CAT,
TRAF, SERV, CDIV, ROC. Each of these parameters contains a sequence of digits (bits), each
of which has its own position (from left to right) and carries a certain function. I will not dwell
on the functions of each bit in detail. this will turn the article into something bulky and immense.
I can explain the functions of individual bits in the comments, and full information about them
can be found in the ALEX electronic library. I will describe only those parameters that may be
required during the initial configuration of the station and work with subscribers. All other
parameters can be left “by default” - this is enough to “take off”. And then along the way, you
can twist them for yourself.
So, first of all, we are interested in the TRAF parameter:

The bit sequence in the TRAF value is divided into 4 groups of two bits. We will consider the
last three groups. The first two bits when creating a category can be left by default.

B = 03 - call restriction category for night mode. In the night service mode of the station, it is
allowed to dial only those digits of the number that are defined in the number analysis table
(nadap; command) for restriction category 03.

C = 03 - call restriction category for day mode. In the daytime service mode, the station is
allowed to dial only those digits of the number that are defined in the number analysis table (see
nadap; below) for restriction category 03.
In my case, categories B and C are the same, although they may differ.
D = 01 - determines which load service group this subscriber belongs to, i.e. in accordance with
the traffic matrix (see tcmap; command below) determines the possibility of establishing a call
between two subscribers.

Here is just a snippet of the output of the nadap command; to explain the groups of B and C
values in the TRAF parameter:

This table shows which categories of subscribers (shown on the right), which digits of the
number (shown on the left) can be dialed.
Example No. 1 . For subscribers of categories 2,3,4,5,9 - you can dial the sequence 08. All others
will receive “number barred”.

Example No. 2 . Only subscribers of category 9 can dial the number "9". Everyone else will get a
“number barred".

5. Programming keys of telephone sets.

Each Aastra digital telephone has a set of keys that can be programmed for one or another
function. View a list of buttons and their assigned functions: I will
describe the most popular user functions. A list of all the options for the function keys can be
found all in the same wonderful ALEX library.
1) Key = 01. Function CAB (Call Back) - call back.
By pressing this key, the Call back function for a busy subscriber is initiated. I will explain what
it is. For example, you call Vasya, and he is busy. You press the CAB key and hang up. When
Vasya ends the conversation and releases the line, you will receive a call to your phone, which
will mean that Vasya has agreed. Pick up the phone - the phone itself begins to dial Vasya. This
function is already pre-programmed on each digital telephone.
Attention. For the Call Back function to work, it is necessary that in the SERV parameter for the
caller initiating the Call Back, D6 bit contains the value 1 or 2.
2) Key = 02. CAD function (Call Diversion) - call forwarding.
By pressing this softkey, call forwarding to a pre-programmed individual call forwarding number
is activated. An individual number for
forwarding can be a maximum of 10 characters and is created like this:
Why only 10 characters is a mystery to me. This creates some inconvenience. For example, you
cannot program a cell phone number as a forwarding number. It has at least 11 characters + a
prefix for entering the city. For these purposes, you can use the Abbreviated Dialing Individual
Number function:

After that, on the device 1312, by double-clicking on the asterisk ** and the number 1 (“** 1”),
dialing to the cellular number 8926 will take place ... This is a kind of analogue of the Speed Dial
function.
3) Key = 13. MDN (Multiple representation Directory Number) function- multiple
presentation of the number.
I will talk about this function in more detail below.
4) Key = 14. The function MNS (Multiple representation with telephone Name Selection) is
the same as MDN, only by clicking on this button will a call be made to the number specified in
the DIG parameter.
5) Key = 22. Function MEW (Message Waiting Indication) - an indication of the presence of
new messages in the voice mailbox.
6) Key = 23. ADN function (Additional Directory Number)- additional director number. Any
digital telephone can be assigned several additional numbers on the function buttons. Thus, if
you click on the “23” button and make a call, then you will call from number 1000, and not from
number 1312. Other users can also call you at number 1000 (if their category allows this, based
on the traffic matrix) - at the same time, this button will flash for you. To answer such a call, you
need to pick up the phone and press the ADN button. In this case, additional numbers, like
regular ones, have their own category (cat) with all the parameters that follow from this.
Assigning ADN:

Removing ADN:

You can also hang chains (pelpi;) on the ADN, but if you decide to remove the ADN on which
the chain will be, the system swears:
You’ll have to delete the chain first, having previewed it first - what if you need it?

Then you can remove the ADN.

6. Pickup Groups.

This functionality allows you to combine subscribers into logical groups, within which they can
“intercept” calls. Let's say two employees are sitting in the office - Vasya and Petya. They are in
the same interception group. Vasya went out for lunch, and someone called his number. In this
case, Petya just needs to dial * 8 # on his phone and he will “pick up” Vasya’s call.
Conveniently? Highly.
Creating an interception group:

lim = 2 - indicate in which LIM we will store information about this group.
Add numbers 1191 and 1073 to the created group:

One number can be in only one group at a time. Which, in general, is logical.
Operations with Subscriber Numbers

Creating an analog subscriber at equ = 1-3-40-25 with category “3” and alarm type “el6”
(standard type of alarm for analog subscribers):

You can create new subscriber numbers only from a predefined local pool (for our PBX)
extension numbers.
You can view the pool of available local numbers with the nadap command; I will only give a
fragment of its conclusion that interests us:

All numbers highlighted above in green are considered to be local stations, i.e. internal
extensions.

You can view the list of vacant positions on analogue subscription boards in order to select
which position to assign a number to with the command:

View the list of vacant (not yet assigned) extension numbers:

You can view information on a specific analog number using the command:

From here you can see at what position the number is and to which service category it belongs.
You can delete an analog subscriber number with the command:

Create a digital extension:

Here itype = 33 is the type of digital telephone. In our case, “33” corresponds to the Aastra
Dialog 4225 model. Information on the correspondence of the type of apparatus to its model can
be found in the ALEX library. I will provide information for the 3 most commonly used types of
digital telephones Aastra:

Aastra Dialog 4222, itype = 26

Aastra Dialog 4222 + extension panel, itype = 27
Aastra Dialog 4223, itype = 28
Aastra Dialog 4223 + extension panel, itype = 29
Aastra Dialog 4225, itype = 33
Aastra Dialog 4225 + extension panel, itype = 34

I draw your attention to the fact that in order for all function keys to work correctly on a digital
telephone, it is necessary that the type of telephone set is correctly specified. You can check the
type of telephone set on an already created number using the command:

View available positions on digital subscriber cards:

View information on an existing digital subscriber:

Delete an existing digital subscriber:

Multiple Submission Feature

This function allows you to "monitor" a specific subscriber number simultaneously on several
phones (hence the multiple presentation). This is often used by secretaries. For example, when
the secretary needs to know at any moment in time whether her boss number is busy or not. The
MDN or MNS function is installed on a specific button on the phone of the secretary, and when
the boss number is busy, this button is lit.
MDN is simply monitoring the status of a specific number.
MNS - monitoring the status of a specific number with the ability to call this (or any other that
was specified in the DIG parameter) number by pressing.
If the number of the digital subscriber that you want to delete is repeatedly represented on other
devices by the MNS, MDN functions, the system will give an error:

In this case, you need to find out on which phones this number is represented by
the sudip command ; :

Here you can see that the number 1312 is presented on the device with the number 1999 on the
key 13.
We look at the list of keys and the functions assigned to them on the device 1999:
Delete the representation of the number 1312 from the number 1999. If at this moment they say
on the phone number 1312, the system will display error:

After the line number 1312 is released, the deletion will go smoothly:

After that, the number 1312 itself can be deleted.

Replace the existing digital number with a new number (not assigned to any position yet):

Here “1312” changes to “1998” (not yet created).

Attention!If on any other devices there is a multiple representation of the number (MDN, MNS
functions) “1312”, then the system curses. First you have to remove the representation of the
number "1312" from all devices, and then replace it.

Traffic matrix
The traffic matrix shows who can call whom and who not. The category of the calling subscriber
is reflected in column “A”, the category of the called subscriber is reflected in row “B”.
If at the intersection of straight lines from resp. categories of subscribers costs “1” - that means,
subscriber A can call subscriber B, if at the intersection costs “0” - this call is prohibited.

Example No. 1 . A subscriber with category “4” cannot call a subscriber with category “7”.
Example No. 2 . A subscriber with category “10” can call a subscriber with category “14”.

CON = T - regulation table of the so-called two-party calls - simple subscriber-to-subscriber

calls.
CON = C - conference call control table.

Attention, rake hint!
At one time, I came across the next not obvious reaction of the station. I will describe her. Initial
conditions:
Subscriber “A” - category 10. He is the secretary of subscriber “C”.
Subscriber “B” - category 1.
Subscriber “C” - category 14.

“B” calls “A” and asks to connect it to “C”. “A” says “OK, I have the right to call“ C ”- I’ll
connect it now”, - and makes a transfer “B” to “C” - the result of the transfer is not performed. I
broke my brain - because the translation does “A” and he has the right to call “C”! - but no!

Moral: if the translated subscriber on the traffic matrix does not have the right to call the
subscriber to which he is being transferred, then the transfer will fail!
In this case, the call control went through the first table CON = T.

Personal Number Function

The personal number function creates the so-called "Chains" of calls. “Chain” is a sequential
transition of a call from number to number (possibly to an external one) with a certain time
interval.
Suppose we need that when you call “A” after 2 beeps (6 seconds), the call goes to “B” - calls
there 3 times (9 seconds), and then goes to “C” and calls “ all the way ”- a maximum of 60
seconds. And in case of busy numbers on the queue - the call would go directly to the next
number.
“A” number is 1312.
“B” number is 1192.
“C” number is 1222.

Let's go:

cho is the step number.

bsycho - what step should be taken if the current queue number is busy.
anspos- number to which the call goes at the current step. As a value for this parameter, you can
specify external numbers in relation to the station - for example, mobile.
time - call time at the current step.

View a chain on a specific number:

Delete a specific step in the chain. For example, in order to replace it with a different value:

Deleting the entire chain:

This function of a personal number (“chains”) can be used to configure unconditional forwarding
by the station. This function cannot be disabled using the telephone.

Landline Conversion

Look at what number a certain city number is wrapped in:

entry = 5656 - a sequence of numbers that comes from a telecom operator, in other words from
your telephony provider. The provider gives me 2 E1 streams with a pool of 150 city numbers
and sends me the last 4 digits. This is possible because the first 3 digits of our pool are the same.
cnvtyp = 0 - type of traffic. In our case, this value corresponds to “Received B-number” - we get
a B-number. Which in general is logical. Let me remind you that the A-number is the one who is
calling. The B-number is the one to whom they are calling. You can find a description of the
values for this parameter in the ALEX library.
numtyp = 0- format of the number sent by the operator. The operator sends me an “Unknown
public number”. You can find a description of the values for this parameter in the ALEX library.
trc = 4 - how many digits from the received number the station “cuts off” during the conversion.
PRE = 1312 - what the station will add to the cut off number. In our case, 4 digits were removed
and 4 were added. Accordingly, the call will go to number 1312.

Another case is possible when you get landline numbers in transit from other friendly sites. So,
for example, it happens with me. I get 100 numbers from a nearby site through an H.323 trunk.
In this case, the conversion table entry will look like this:

Here the difference is in the parameter numtyp = 6 - in ALEX, it is resp. “Local Private Number”
- this setting is agreed with the administrator (you need to ask him: “what type of number are you
sending me?”) Of the PBX with which you receive the pool of numbers.

You can add or modify an existing record with the command:

Attention! If there is already a record for the number ending in “5656”, it will be overwritten
with this one.

Delete conversion number ending in "5656":

Attention, rake hint again !

Do not leave city incoming numbers without conversion. If you do not need to “land” a city
number anywhere - wrap it on any non-existent extension from your pool (nadap;). This is
especially important in cases where your PBX has interfaces with other sites and calls to them
are made without prefixes. If there is a number 5656 on a nearby site and the route settings
(roddp;) specify an exit to this site as 5.56.565.5656 - the call will go to the next site and the
employees on that side will be perplexed for a long time - “who are all these strange people and
why they call me. " This is the logic of the MX-ONE TSW.

The main thing is backup!

At boot time, the station reads its configuration from the Compact Flash memory card. All
subsequent changes made to the config are stored in RAM until the station is restarted by power.
Although the regular rechargeable batteries of each LIM are designed for 7 hours of
uninterrupted operation with loss of power, it is better to dump the config regularly from the
RAM to the CF card:
 PS This is my first topic on Habré. If someone has a desire, then I can gladly prepare articles on
connecting this station to other exchanges using the H.323 or E1 protocol, call routing, DECT
settings, etc. I am ready to answer all questions in the comments, if after publishing the topic I
will have such an opportunity.
Tags:
 aastra
 mx-one
 tsw
 telephony

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