MASTER CARD

CHEMICAL KINETICS

RATE OF REACTION MOLECULARITY ORDER OF REACTION

INSTANTANEOUS RATE- Rate at particular time • Sum or reacting species (atom, ion or • Sum or reacting species (atom, ion or
molecules) taking part in reaction molecules) whose concentration
AVERAGE RATE- Rate between some time • Theoretical value changes during the reaction
interval • Must be in whole number • Experimental value
Rate = dx/dt • Can’t be changed • May be zero, whole or in fraction
Unit – Mol L Sec -1
-1
• Can be calculated by overall reaction • Can be changed by temp. or pressure
Differential Rate Equation • Overall reaction must be balanced • Can be calculated by slow step of
wA + xB → yC + zD Ex- reaction
Rate = - d[A] = - d[B] = + d[C] = + d [D] CH3COO C2H 5 + HOH → CH3COOH + C2 H5OH • Balanced overall reaction is not
w dt x dt y dt z dt required
Molecularity of above reaction is 2 Ex-
Rate law / Rate Equation CH3COOC2H5 + HOH → CH3COOH + C2 H5OH
xA + yB → cC + dD (slow step) (excess)
Rate = k [A] x [B] y k= Rate constant Order of above reaction is 1

Unit of k = (mol/L ) 1-n S -1 (n =order of rection)

 FIRST ORDER ZERO ORDER ARRHENIUS EQUATION
HALF LIFE OF REACTION - Time in which a HALF LIFE –
reaction become half completed. k = A e – Ea/RT Ea= activation energy
t ½ = 0.693 /k t ½ = [R] 0 / 2k [R] 0 = initial conc. R= Gas constant
RATE CONSTANT – ( t= time ) k = Rate constant T= Temperature
k = 2.302 log a (a= initial conc.) RATE CONSTANT- A = Pre exponential factor
t a-x ( a-x = conc. Left) k = [R] 0 –[R] / t t = time log k2 = Ea 1 1
OR k1 2.303 R T 1 T 2
Unit of k = Mol L -1 s -1 ACTIVATION ENERGY-
k= 2.302 log [R] 0 ---------- initial conc. Energy required by reactant molecules for
t [ R] ---conc. Left after time t effective collision to form the products.
Activation = Threshold – Own energy of
Energy Energy reactant molecules
EFFECT OF CATALYST ON ACTIVATION ENERGY
A catalyst increases the rate of reaction by
providing such path for a reaction which has
less activation energy.

Unit of k = Sec -1