LET’S PLAY!

1.How do you feel about the activity?

2. What did you feel when the weak
molecules collide?
3. What did you feel when the strong or
active molecules collide?
 But will all collisions result in a
reaction or are there requirements
for a reaction to occur after
collision?
1.
• Explain the collision theory

• Identify factors affecting the rate of reaction

2.

• Create a graph showing the effects of the

3. temperature in the chemical reaction
1. Based on the video, in your own
words how do you define collision
theory?
2. Based on the video, what would
make a chemical reaction successful?
3. Based on the video, how is the
rate of chemical reaction affected?
Collision theory: The rate of a chemical
reaction is directly proportional to the
number of collisions between the reactants.
COLLIDE
EFFECTIVELY
1. The reactants must collide.
COLLIDE
EFFECTIVELY
2. They must be properly oriented when
they collide.

O N
COLLIDE
EFFECTIVELY
3. They must be energetic enough to surpass the
activation energy or the energy barrier

Activation energy/barrier energy is the

energy needed to be surpassed by
reactants for a reaction to occur
When the energy barrier is higher, the reaction is slower.
It should be noted that not all properly oriented collisions have
enough energy to result in the transformation of the reactants.
The kinetic energy of the reactants should be high enough to
exceed the activation energy.
Reaction rate is the change in the concentration of
reactant or product per unit of time
Discuss the effect of temperature to
the activation energy of the reactants.
Create a graph showing the
differences in the activation energy if
the temperature is increased and the
temperature is decreased.
1. Temperature

An increase in temperature increases the rate of

reaction.
Reason: Energy is applied to increase the temperature.
The added energy provides additional kinetic energy to
the reactant molecules. Higher kinetic energies means
greater frequency of effective collisions.
1. Concentration
An increase in concentration increases the rate of reaction.
Reason: Concentration is the number of molecules present in a specified
volume. When the concentration is high, more particles are present;
therefore, there is a higher frequency of effective collisions.
2. Temperature
An increase in temperature increases the rate of reaction.
Reason: Energy is applied to increase the temperature. The added energy
provides additional kinetic energy to the reactant molecules. Higher kinetic
energies means greater frequency of effective collisions.
3. Particle size
The smaller the particle, the faster the rate of reaction.
Reason: Smaller particles have larger surface area. The greater the surface area, the
more sites of collision there will be.
4. Catalyst
A catalyst is a chemical substance that participates in the reaction but
does not get used up or are regenerated at the end of the reaction.

For example, the reaction of acetic acid (CH3COOH) and

methanol (CH3OH) is an acid-catalyzed reaction.

The hydronium ion, H3O+, is present both in the reactant and product
sides of the reaction. It is part of the chemical reaction, but it is
regenerated after product formation
Catalyst
increases the reaction rate without being consumed by the
reaction. It provides a new pathway for the reaction, one
which has a lower activation energy

Consider the points A and B separated by a cliff.

The path from Point A to B is
shorter so it would take less time to
reach point B. In addition, there is
less energy required to reach point
B
CHECK UNDERSTANDING
Some reactions are reversible, meaning that a reactant A,
can be converted into product B. In the reverse reaction, B
is the reactant that can be turned into a product A.

A↔B

• What will be the effect of adding a catalyst for this

reaction?
• Will it increase the rate of the forward reaction?
• How about for the reverse reaction?
Mechanism of Catalysis
A catalyzed reaction often involves a series of steps.
1.Bonding – The catalyst forms a bond with the reacting
molecules.
2.Reaction – The reacting molecules combine or rearrange to
form the product.
3.Separation – The product separates from the catalyst.
After separation, the catalyst is free again to form a bond with
other reacting molecules.
Mechanism of Catalysis
Types of Catalysts
1. Homogeneous catalyst exists in the same phase as the reaction it
catalyzes. It is often in gas or liquid phase. For example, the decomposition of
ozone in the atmosphere is catalyzed by chlorine atoms.

The chlorine atom is a catalyst

that is regenerated at the end of
the reaction
Types of Catalysts
2. Heterogeneous catalyst exists in a different phase as the reaction it
catalyzes. It often involves gaseous reactant molecules being adsorbed on a
solid catalyst surface. For example, gaseous ethylene is hydrogenated to form
ethane in the presence of a palladium catalyst
The difference between a catalyzed
and an uncatalyzed reaction
APPLICATION
Enzymes are homogeneous, highly specific, and efficient biological catalysts.
They speed up biological reactions even at relatively low temperatures within the
body. They have a shape-specific active site that forms bonds with the reacting
molecules called substrates. The substrates react and form the product, which
then detaches from the catalyst.
Determine which condition (A or B) will make the reaction
go faster
Answer