Revision Questions 2

 Bony parts of head and neck ?

o Answer:- skull and cervical vertebral.
 Contents of skull bone ?
o Answer : frontal – parietal – occipital bone.
 Name the two first cervical vertebra ?
o Answer:- atlas and axis.
 Mention the border of posterior triangle of the neck ?
o Answer:- sternocleidomastoid ,clavicle and trapezius .
 Mention the border of anterior triangle the neck ?
o Answer :- midline ,strenocleidomastoid and mandible.
 Name the subdivision of anterior triangle ?
o Answer:- carotid ,submandibular and muscular.
 Mention the innervation of face ?
o Answer:- motor : by facial nerve. Sensory: by trigeminal nerve.
 What is a group name of face muscle ?
o Answer:- facial expression
 scalp ?
o Answer:- position: extend from eyebrows to at the back of skull and
down to the ear and zygometic arches at the side.
 Contents: layers :- Skin, Connective tissue, Aponeurotic,
loos layer, zpericranium .
 mention the blood supply of head and neck ?
o Answers :- internal and external carotid artery. drainage by jugular
vein.
 Mention the innervation of head and neck ?
o Anwes: -trigeminal nerve. -cervical nerve .
 Mention blood supply of the face?
 Answers : - carotid artery. -jugular vein .

EYE
 Mention the coats/layer of eye ball ?
o Answer:- outer layer(fibrous ) –middle layer(vascular).---inner
layer(nervous).
 Mention two groups of muscle eye ?
o Answers :- intrinsic and extrinsic muscles.
 Mention the extrinsic muscles ?
o Answer :-- 2 oblique ,4 rectus .
 Mention two compartment of eye ball ?
o Answer :- anterior is small ( divides 2 champers ).
Posterior :- is large one .
 Mention the lens separate ?
o Answer :- anterior and posterior .
 Blood supply of eye ?
o Answer:- by ophthalmic artery and vein .
 Mention Innervation of eye ?
o Answer :- sensory :- ophthalmic nerve .
 Vision :- optic nerve
 Parasympathetic :- oculomotor nerve
 Motor :- oculomotor nerve,trochlear nerve, abducent
nerve.
Ear
 Parts of ear and its content ?
 Answers:- internal. (semicircular canals—cochlea).
-middle( malleus , incus, stapes).
-external ear(acoustic meatus-auricle , tympanic membrane ).
 Name the nerve which emerge from the inner ear ?
 Answer:-- vastibulocochlear nerve vIII(8).
 Pharnxy parts ?
 Answers:- three parts :- 1. Nasopharynx
2. oropharynx.
3.laryngopharynx.
o 4) mention innervation of the sensation larynx ?
  Answer: recurrent laryngeal nerve.
 Name the cartilage of ear ?
 Answer:- 1.epiglottis ,2.thyroid .3.
arytenoid.4.cricoid .5.cuneiform.6.corniculate.
 Mention parts of larynx ?
 Answer:- cartilage .—small muscles.—ligaments.
 What is the function of the vocal cord ?
 Answers :- is sound production .
 The innervation of vocal cord ?
 Answers :- vagus nerve .
Nasal cavity
 mention consists of the nose ?
 Answer :- externl nose and nasal cavity.
 Mention the blood supply nasal cavity ?
 Answer:- maxillary artery and vein .
 Mention the innervation of nasal cavity ?
 Answer:- Smell :- by olfactory.
sensory by maxillary nerve.
Parasympathetic : by facial nerve .
 Mention the sites of the pulse head and neck ?
 Answers :- temporal pulse ---facial pulse ---carotid pulse .
 What is the largest endocrine gland ?
 Answers :- thyroid gland .

 Mention consists of the thyroid gland ?

 Answers :- two pyramidal lobes connected isthmus.
 What is the position of thyroid gland ?
 Answer: position of gland is anterior of the neck related to
upper part of trachea and lower part of thyroid cartilage.
 NOTE :-
Common carotid artery divided into external and internal
carotid artery .
External carotid run upward ,which it pierce the parotid
gland ,it gives some branches.
The branches are :facial ,lingual ,post-auricular…. And it divided
into maxillary and superficial temporal artery.

NOTE :-
venous return :superficial temporal and maxillary form
retromandibular vein in parotid gland ,which is divided into
anterior and posterior branches .
(Ant ) joins the facial empties into internal jugular.
(Post) joins the posterior auricular vein to form external jugular.

NERVOUS SYSTEM
 What is functional unit ?
 Answer:- neuron
 Mention types of neuron ?
 Answer :- Cell body-Axon –Dendrites
 Mention division of brain ?
 Answer :- fore brain :- *Telencephalon.-diencephalon.
-mid brain :- *mesencephalon.

-hind brain :-* metencephalon.-myelencephalon.

 Mention Parts of nervous system ?

 Answer:-Central and peripheral nervous system.
 Mention two types of central nervous system ?
 Answer :- brain and spinal cord.
 Mention major parts of brain ?
  Answer :- - cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem.
 brain weighs ?
 answer :- brain weighs 3 to 3.5 pounds.
 Mention two types of Peripheral nervous system ?
Answer :- 12 Pairs cranial nerves , --31 pairs of spinal nerves.
 Mention autonomic types ?
 Answer :- sympathetic (expends energy).
 -parasympathetic ( conserves energy).

NOTE :- Input and output ipsilateral except CN II and IV.

 Mention branches of facial nerve ?
 Answer :- Temporal , zygomatic , buccal , mandibular , cervical .
 Mention 31pairs of spinal nerve/ spinal nerve division ?
Answer:- 8 cervical ,12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral ,1 coccygeal
 Name the meninges?
 Answer:- a) dural mater. B)arachnoid mater c) pia mater.
 Write about C.S.F.?
 Answer:- C.S.F (cerebro spinal fluid ), color :- clear –clorless
fluid.
 produced by the choroids plexuses within the lateral,
third and fourth ventricles.
 Absorbed into venous sinus by arachnoid villi
 Name the brain lobes ?
 Answers :- frontal lobe (planning of movement , recent
memory , some aspects of emotion ).
-parietal lobe(body sensation ). –occipital lobe(vision ). --
temporal lobe(hearing advanced visual processing)..
 Name the main sulcus ?
Answer: has two sulcus :- central and lateral sulcus.
NOTE :-
*Precentral gyrus=( motor area.)
*post central gyru=(sensory area.)

 Autonomic nervous system ?

* parasympathetic :-
 -craniosacral .
 -“rest and store”
 -second stage neurons are near the target organ.

 3th = oculomotor.
 7th = facial.
 9th = gossopharayngeal.
 10th = vagus.
  (1973)
 s2-4

NOTE :- Parasympathetic carry by four cranial nerves that are

oculomotor , Facial , gossopharayngeal , vagus .

 sympathetic:-
 -thoracolumbar.
 -fight or flight.
 -second stage neurons are far from the target organ.
‫ بيطلع‬T1---L2 drain IN Sympathetic trunk 

Blood supply of brain

internal carotid )1

posterior commucating )2

middle cerebral (lat-salcus ) )3

.anterior cerebral (above the carps callosum) )4

anterior commucating)5

vertebral ( from subclavian ) )6

anterior spinal )7

.basilar )8

.posterior cerebral ( baseof cerebrum hemisphere))9

Sinus of dura mater

Superior sagittal sinus joint with Inferior sagittal sinus (become
straight sinus) to form confluence sinus which give two
transverse sinus become sigmoid sinus as continuation of it
.form internal Jagular vein out of the cranial cavit
 -: NOTE

Names of cranial nerves

Ⅰ Olfactory nerve

Ⅱ Optic nerve

Ⅲ Oculomotor nerve

Ⅳ Trochlear nerve

Ⅴ Trigeminal nerve

Ⅵ Abducent nerve

Ⅶ Facial nerve

Ⅷ Vestibulocochlear nerve

Ⅸ Glossopharyngeal nerve

Ⅹ Vagus nerve

Ⅺ Accessory nerve

.Ⅻ Hypoglossal nerve

-:Classification of cranial nerve

Sensory cranial nerves: contain only afferent (sensory) fibers

ⅠOlfactory nerve

ⅡOptic nerve

Ⅷ Vestibulocochlear nerve

Motor cranial nerves: contain only efferent (motor) fibers

Ⅲ Oculomotor nerve
Ⅳ Trochlear nerve

ⅥAbducent nerve

Ⅺ Accessory nerv

Ⅻ Hypoglossal nerve

Mixed nerves: contain both sensory and motor fibers---

ⅤTrigeminal nerve,

Ⅶ Facial nerve,

ⅨGlossopharyngeal nerve

ⅩVagus nerve