15.1.

4 Calculation for DSLP

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Detailed Project Report – 132 kV Substation Nathkuchi with associated 132 kV TL
 Construction of 132/33kV, 2x50 MVA Nathkuchi Sub- Document No. Date
Project: Station with 132kV S/C line from Rangia to Nathkuchi
on D/C Tower NAC/AEGCL/EE/CAL/EARTHING-003 03.05.2019
DSLP calculation for 132/33 kv switch yard at Designed Checked Approved Rev.
Title:
Nathkuchi, Assam. NM VK KBT A

1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Lightning Conductor in the form of Lightning masts (LM) and Ground wires are used for Direct Stroke Lightning Protection of the Electrical
Installations.
In 132/33 kV outdoor Switch-Yard, Jack Bus area, Main Bus area and Equipment area shall be protected by Ground wire & Transformer shall be
protected by LM/ Tower with spike.
The present report is brought out to verify Direct Stroke Lightning Protection of the Switch yard area.

2.0 STANDARDS & REFERENCES

Prof. D. V. Razevig ``High Voltage Engineering" (Book) translated from Russian to English by Prof. M. P. Chourasia (Khanna Publisher).

DRAWING NO.
132/33 kV Switch-Yard Layout Plan & Section, Drawing nos- NAC/AEGCL/EE PLAN & SECTION- 002

3.0 METHODOLOGY
Based on the experiments on models, empirical methods are developed which can provide Lightning protection with probability of 0.1% lightning. Models
employed for Protection through Shield Wire are described here under, the detailed calculations are kept below:

4.0 GROUND WIRE

The Protective zone of single & double ground wires is shown in the figures 4a and 4b –

The breadth of the Protective zone offered by a Single ground wire on the ground level in a plane Perpendicular to the ground wires is equal to 1.2h,
where `h' is height of suspension of the ground wire. Half the breadth of the Protective zone `b x' at level `hx' is The breadth of the Protective zone offered
by a Single ground wire on the ground level in a plane Perpendicular to the ground wires is equal to 1.2h, where `h' is height of suspension of the ground
wire. Half the breadth of the Protective zone `b x' at level `hx' is

bx = 0.6 * h * (1 - (hx/ h)) for hx > 2/3h.

bx = 1.2 * h * ( 1 - (hx / (0.8 h))) for hx < 2/3h.

If the two ground wires are used as Lightning conductors spaced at a distance of `S = 4h' between them, the point situated on ground surface midway
between the ground wires will not be struck by lightning.

If the distance between two ground wires `S' is less than `4h', the point situated midway between them at a level of `ho' will be protected from lightning
strokes where,
ho = (h - (S/4))

The external part of the protective zone for the two ground wires is determined in the same way as for single ground wire as mentioned above. All the
equipment bounded by the two ground wires and with height 'h x' are protected if S < 4(h - ho).

5.0 LIGHTNING MASTS

The protective zone for single lightning mast.

The radius of protection zone offered by a Lightning Mast with tip 'a' at height 'h' from theground level, can be obtained with geometrical construction as
shown in figure 1.0
The radius of protective zone, offered by an LM at height 'hx' from ground level, is 'Rx' Geometrically it can be seen that

Rx = 1.5 * h* (1 - (hx/(0.8*h)))*p for hx < 2/3 h ---- 1

Rx = 0.75 * h* (1 - ( hx/h))*p for hx > 2/3 h ---- 2

Where p = 1 if h < 30m

p = 5.5/√h if h > 30 m

Detailed Project Report – 132 kV Substation Nathkuchi with associated 132 kV TL

102
 6.0 DSLP BY SHIELD WIRE

SL.No. Zone Object/Area to be Height of 2/3 height of Max. ht of the object to Half the breadth of the
Protected Shield wire shield wire be protected (Hx) protective zone (bx)
(H) (2/3xH)

Meter Meter Meter Meter

1 Zone-1 Jack Bus 16 10.67 12.0 2.40

2 Zone-2 Main Bus 16 10.67 8.0 7.200

3 Zone-3 Main Bus (33 kV) 9.5 6.33 5.5 3.150

4 Zone-4 Equipment (33 kV) 9.5 6.33 4.8 4.200

Note: i) All heights are considered from plinth level

ii) CB height considered for maximum height of object for (33 kV)

"bx" value is determined by using formula

0.6 * H* (1 - ( Hx/H)) if Hx > 2/3 H
1.2 * H* (1 - ( Hx/(0.8*H))) if Hx < 2/3 H

Zone-1 : Jack Bus Protection

Max. distance between two ground wire= S= 12 m
Ground wire suspended at a height= h= 16.00 m
4h= 64 m
S< 4h, Yes

The point situated midway between the ground wires will be protected from h01 =h-(S/4)= 13 m
lightning stoke at a level of

Zone-2 : Main Bus Protection

Max. distance between two ground wire= S= 12 m
Ground wire suspended at a height= h= 16 m
4h= 64 m
S< 4h, Yes

The point situated midway between the ground wires will be protected from h02 =h-(S/4)= 13.00 m
lightning stoke at a level of

Zone-3 : Main Bus Protection (33 kV)

Max. distance between two ground wire= S= 6.5 m
Ground wire suspended at a height= h= 9.5 m
4h= 38 m
S< 4h, Yes

The point situated midway between the ground wires will be protected from h03 =h-(S/4)= 7.88 m
lightning stoke at a level of

Zone-4 : Equipment Protection (33 kV)

Max. distance between two ground wire= S= 8.7 m
Ground wire suspended at a height= h= 9.5 m
4h= 38 m
S< 4h, Yes

The point situated midway between the ground wires will be protected from h04 =h-(S/4)= 7.33 m
lightning stoke at a level of

Jack Bus Level = hx1 12.0 m

Main Bus Level = hx2 8.0 m
Main Bus Level (33 kV) = hx3 5.5 m
Equipment Protection Level (33 kV) = hx4 4.8 m

Since h01>hx1, h02>hx2, h03>hx3 and h04>hx4 Jack Bus, Main bus and Equipment under shield wire are to be protected.
The graphical representation has been shown in the DSLP layout & The areas which come under the
Protective zone has been marked.

Hence, design is safe

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Detailed Project Report – 132 kV Substation Nathkuchi with associated 132 kV TL
 7.0 CALCULATION BY SINGLE LM METHOD (16 MTRS TOWER WITH A SPIKE OF 1.5 MTRS)

SL.No. Zone Object/Area to LM/Tower Height of 2/3 height Max. ht of Active ht Distance Allowable Protective Mid way 2/3 ht. of Mid way
be Protected Considered LM with of LM with the object of LM with between distance radius point Mid way point
Spike Spike to be Spike LM between LMs fictitious point Protective
protected LM height fictitious LM radius

h 2/3h hx ha S S ≤ 7*ha*p rx ho (2/3ho) rox

(Mtr.) (Mtr.) (Mtr.) (Mtr.) (Mtr.) (Mtr.) (Mtr.) (Mtr.) (Mtr.) (Mtr.)

Generator
5 Zone-5 Transformer LM 1-2 17.50 11.67 6.5 11.000 0 0 14.063 17.500 11.667 14.063
Protection

Note: All heights are considered from plinth level.

Transformer Height is considered as maximum height of equipment.
"rx" value is determined by using formula
0.75 * h* (1 - ( hx/h)) *p if hx > 2/3 h
1.5 * h* (1 - ( hx/(0.8*h))) *p if hx < 2/3 h
Where, p is Co-efficient for the Lightning Conductor height
p=1 if h<30m
if h>30m
p = 5.5/h

If two lightning masts are located at a distance of S=7*ha*p, the point of ground surface which lies midway between
the two lightning mast will not be struck by lightning. In otherwords, a fictitious lightning mast will be formed in between
two lightning masts at midpoint with a height (ho)

ho = h - (S / 7)
The radius of protective zone (r0X) at height (h0) for fictitious lightning mast
r0x = 1.5 * ho * (1 - hx / (0.8 *ho)) ; hx < 2/3 *ho
r0x = 0.75 * ho * (1 - hx / ho) ; hx > 2/3 *ho

The protective area achieved at maximium height of GT will cover transformer and surrounding area.
So, Generator transformer area is protected by LM1 and LM2.
The graphical representation has been shown in the DSLP layout & The areas which come under the
Protective zone has been marked.
Hence, Design is safe

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Detailed Project Report – 132 kV Substation Nathkuchi with associated 132 kV TL