Update #8 - 5th of October

Pakistan Floods 2022

Weekly Highlights

Key points
● About 15 million people remained potentially exposed or living close to flooded areas as of 2 October.
While, as of 21 September, 11 districts, of which 8 in Sindh, were still experiencing flood water levels
rising, as of 2 October, only 1 district in Sindh (Sujawal) continues to do so.
● Revised Appeal estimates 20.6 million people in need, a more than 220% increase compared to 6.4
million people as of 30 August.
● National poverty rate could potentially increase by 4.5 to 7.0 percentage points, pushing between 9.9
and 15.4 million people into poverty, according to the World Bank.
●Priority needs: Prioritised short and medium-term needs are food, medical services and medicines,
followed by shelter and drinking water, according to the MSNA.
● Education: 2.8 million children in Pakistan may miss at least one semester because of flood damage to
schools, 80% of which in Sindh province.
● Food security: Preliminary analyses of 28 vulnerable districts in Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and
Sindh indicate that 5.74 million people in flood-affected districts are estimated to be in crisis and
emergency phases between September and November 2022. 7 out of 10 households in the affected
areas do not have the resources to feed their families. 31% of livestock keepers in these provinces have
suffered animal losses, and around 20% have had to sell animals to meet immediate needs. One in three
livestock keepers does not have sufficient resources or money to ensure fodder for their animals.
● Health: 4.4 million cases of diseases have been reported in the country since 1 July, most of which in
Sindh (3.3 million) as of 1 October. 37% of key informants within the communities surveyed for the
MSRNA report that their nearest health facility is not working.
● Protection: Main protection concerns arising since the floods are fear of theft (36%), threats (19%) or
community disputes (19%), followed by more structural risks such as harassment (17%) or gender-based
violence (11%).
● Shelter & NFIs: Cold temperatures are expected from November onwards in Sindh province, raising the
urgency to find suitable shelter solutions for the million people affected by the floods. Islamic Relief
reports widespread destruction of households’ furniture, mattresses, clothes, and boxes in Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa province.
● WASH: According to MSRNA data, 70% of communities surveyed in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab and
Sindh provinces do not have access to clean water. Open defecation increased from 21% before the
floods to 35% after.

Shortcuts to provincial updates: Balochistan, Gilgit-Baltistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, Sindh

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 Update #8 - 5th of October

Overview of the floods and weather forecast

While water is starting to mostly recede across the country, in Sindh, the situation remains precarious (The Express
Tribune 19/09/2022, Dawn, UNOSAT 16/09/2022). According to satellite assessments conducted by UNOSAT, as of 2
October, approximately 15 million people remained potentially exposed or living close to flooded areas, a decrease
compared to 17 million a week before and 19 million a week before that (UNOSAT 02/10/2022). While, as of 21
September, 11 districts, of which 8 in Sindh, were still experiencing flood water levels rising, as of 2 October, only 1
district in Sindh (Sujawal) continues to do so (UNOSAT 02/10/2022, UNOSAT 23/09/2022). Provincial authorities have
warned that it could take 3 to 6 months for the water to completely recede (NY Times 14/09/2022).

Flood extent Reduction from the Population exposed or living Districts with flood
(26/09-02/10) previous week close to flooded areas water levels still
(15-21/09) (26/09-02/10) rising (26/09-02/10)

Sindh 34,000 km² -2,600 km² 12 million Sujawal district

Punjab 3,700 km² -500 km² 1.8 million

Balochistan 2,900 km² -600 km² 330,000

Khyber 600 km² -100 km² 290,000

Pakhtunkhwa
Source: UNOSAT 02/10/2022

No overflow or flood is expected from the country's major rivers between 6 and 12 October, according to the Pakistan
Meteorological Department's weekly forecast. Dry weather is mostly expected throughout the week (GoP
Meteorological Department 05/10/2022).

Country Impact overview

20.6 M 7.9 M 84 1,696 12,867

People in need People internally Calamity-hit Deaths Injured
(OCHA 04/10/2022) displaced districts (NDMA 04/10/2022) (NDMA 04/10/2022)
(OCHA 23/09/2022) (NDMA 04/10/2022)

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 Update #8 - 5th of October

Cross sector

Key figures
- 33 million people affected by rains, 20.6 million people in need - a more than 220% increase compared to the
Flash Appeal of 30 August stating 6.4 million PIN (OCHA 04/10/2022, OCHA 30/08/2022, OCHA 04/10/2022).
- 23 worst-affected districts according to the National Flood Response Coordination Centre (Dawn 26/09/2022).
- Around 7.9 million people are displaced (OCHA 23/09/2022, Reuters 04/10/2022).
- National poverty rate could potentially increase by 4.5 to 7.0 percentage points, pushing between 9.9 and 15.4
million people into poverty, according to the World Bank (OCHA 04/10/2022).
- Increased unemployment rate by 1 to 1.5%, reaching 6 to 7% (Pakistan Observer 07/09/2022).
- Economic losses reached USD 30 billion according to latest estimates by the Government (Pakistan Today
26/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Elderly population: Around one million people over the age of 65 are living in severely flood-affected areas and
require special care (Financial Times 30/09/2022).
- Flood-affected population already vulnerable: 19 million people out of the 31 million persons living in severely
affected areas were poor, according to the country director of the Population Council (Financial Times
30/09/2022).
- Flood response: Flood-relief activities could continue for the next two years, according to the Minister for
Planning, Development, and Special Initiatives, as the scale of the destruction is so widespread (Geo TV
29/09/2022).
- Revised UN Appeal: The UN revised its humanitarian appeal for Pakistan five-fold to USD 816 million from USD
160 million (OCHA 04/10/2022).
- A significant proportion of the population remains displaced, especially in Sindh: According to the MSNA findings,
22% of those affected did not live in their usual place of residence. Among them, some 9% are believed to be
living in relief camps, 6% in spontaneous camps and 8% in host communities in neighbouring areas. The
displacement/resettlement ratio was significantly higher in Sindh where more than 40% of the affected
population was far from their home location (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).
- Return intentions dependant on rehabilitation but also improvement of pre-floods living conditions: The decision
to return to pre-displacement locations still depends to a greater extent on the rehabilitation of homes in the
areas of origin after the floods (34%), although other structural factors such as new job opportunities (26%) or
the improvement of basic services (20%) are relevant in making this decision, which will depend not only on the
recovery from the natural disaster but also on a comprehensive recovery of the affected areas (GoP, NHN, PHF,
UNCTP 04/10/2022).
- Main needs: Prioritised short and medium-term needs are food, medical services and medicines, followed by
shelter and drinking water, according to the MSRNA. Between provinces, the divergences in the main needs are
minor, with the exception of the urgent need for drinking water in Punjab, compared to the other provinces
assessed (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).

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 Update #8 - 5th of October

13,097 km 2.05 M 9.4 M acres 1.16 M

Affected roads Shelters damaged Crop losses Livestock lost
(NDMA 04/10/2022) (NDMA 04/10/2022) (FAO quoted by WFP (NDMA 04/10/2022)
20/09/2022)

Education

Key figures
- 3.5 million children with disrupted education (Education Cluster 11/09/2022), 2 million PIN (OCHA 04/10/2022).
- At least 25,187 schools are damaged or destroyed in the floods, according to provisional data from provincial
Education Departments, 78% of which in Sindh (OCHA 04/10/2022).
- More than 7,060 schools are used as temporary shelters for displaced populations (Education Cluster
30/09/2022, OCHA 04/10/2022).

Latest updates
- Disruption to education: 2.8 million children in Pakistan may miss at least one semester because of flood damage
to schools (AP 29/09/2022), with an estimated 3.5 million children having had their schooling disrupted, close to
80% of which in Sindh province (World Bank 28/09/2022). As the scale of the damage to school infrastructure is
very severe, the World Bank estimates that the Learning Poverty could rise by 5 percentage points, an increase
higher than the one due to the COVID-19 pandemic school disruptions (World Bank 28/09/2022).
- Refugee schools: 61 schools in the refugee villages have been affected (35 in Balochistan and 26 in Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa) affecting the education of 27,148 children, 60% of which are girls (Education Cluster 30/09/2022).
- Main educational needs: The top three needs identified by community members in surveyed districts include
setting up safe spaces to hold classes for girls and boys (43%), repairing damaged classes (38%), and establishing
learning spaces in close proximity to communities for safe access, especially for girls (27%) (GoP, NHN, PHF,
UNCTP 04/10/2022).

Food security and Livelihoods

Key figures
- 9.4 million acres of crops are affected according to FAO, over half of which in Sindh province (OCHA 04/10/2022,
WFP 20/09/2022) and at least 1.16 million livestock lost (NDMA 04/10/2022).
- General inflation reached 27.2% in August 2022 compared to the same month in 2021, while Consumer Price
Index food inflation increased by 29.5% year to year (WFP 28/09/2022).
- Lack of fodder threatens the survival of animals (Pakistan Today 08/09/2022)

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 Update #8 - 5th of October

- 3.6 million unemployed due to the floods, according to the Minister for Overseas Pakistanis and Human Resource
Development (Dawn 28/09/2022)
- About 6 million people are projected to be in IPC Phase 3 and 4 pre-floods (WFP 27/09/2022). 14.6 million
people in need of food and agriculture assistance (OCHA 04/10/2022).

Latest updates
- IPC: Preliminary analyses of 28 vulnerable districts in Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Sindh indicate that
5.74 million people in flood-affected districts are estimated to be in crisis and emergency phases between
September and November 2022, 3.82 million people in IPC Phase 3 and 1.92 million in IPC Phase 4 (OCHA
01/10/2022).
- Cotton shortages: As large cotton fields have been destroyed in the floods, many textile factories have been
forced to shut down amid a cotton shortage; a concerning news as the textile industry employs more than 10
million people and accounts for 8% of Pakistan’s economy. About 30% of Pakistan’s textile production capacity
has been hampered by cotton and energy shortages according to the CEO of All-Pakistan Textile Mills Association
(Geo TV 04/10/2022).
- Impact on Kharif and Rabi crops: About 2.6 million hectares of standing “Kharif” crops (monsoon crops) have
been negatively impacted, representing 35% of the total area planted to cereals, sugarcane and cotton during the
2022 “Kharif” season. The main effects are in the province of Sindh (1.9 million hectares affected), Balochistan
(365 000 hectares), Punjab (285 000 hectares) and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (60 700 hectares). Standing flood waters
are expected to hamper harvesting operations of the “Kharif” crops, which are set to start in October, and to
increase harvest and post‑harvest losses. In addition, planting of the 2022/23 “Rabi” wheat crops, which
accounts for about 55% of the total annual cereal output, normally takes place between October and December.
Due to flood waters, loss or damage of agricultural inputs (seeds, fertilisers, machinery, irrigation
infrastructure…), planting operations are also expected to be severely hampered (FAO 04/10/2022).
- Damage to crops and agriculture infrastructure: In impacted districts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh, and Punjab
provinces, floods overall damaged 70% of crop/vegetable land and about 30% of orchard area. According to the
MSRNA, two out of every three irrigation systems have been destroyed, which has a severe impact on the
infrastructure supporting agriculture (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).
- Increase in the prices of main food items prevents households from accessing safe food intakes: In August 2022,
prices of domestic rice and wheat flour were at record levels, averaging about 30% higher year on year for the
latter. Vegetables and livestock products have registered substantial increases, particularly in the markets near
the flood‑affected areas (FAO 04/10/2022). This price increase, coupled with the loss of assets and livelihoods,
means that 7 out of 10 households in the affected areas do not have the resources to feed their families, and
that household food pantries can only provide food for an average of 10 days (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP
04/10/2022).
- Livestock losses, lack of resources to ensure fodder and selling of animals to meet basic needs: According to the
MSRNA and based on data collected in Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab provinces, 31% of livestock
keepers in these provinces have suffered animal losses, and around 20% have had to sell animals to meet
immediate needs. In addition, one in three livestock keepers in these provinces does not have sufficient
resources or money to ensure fodder for their animals, so that in the absence of assistance in the coming weeks,
the number of dead animals, food insecurity and lack of financial resources to meet basic needs could increase
significantly (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).
- Main needs: Overall, in the surveyed areas, both male and female key informants reported that affected
communities’ top priority needs are food, livestock inputs (fodder, vaccination), and construction/rehabilitation

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of irrigation infrastructure (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).

Health & Nutrition

Key figures
- More than 2,000 health facilities have been damaged or destroyed (WHO quoted by Dawn 01/10/2022),
representing about 10% of health facilities in the country (WHO 04/10/2022).
- Increased incidences of malaria, dengue, diarrhoea, cholera and skin infections being reported - dengue
transmission likely to peak in October (GoP Meteorological Department 23/09/2022)
- Extensive damage to the vaccines cold chain - 349 refrigerators and solar direct drive systems damaged (UNICEF
20/09/2022)
- 8.2 million people are estimated to be in urgent need of healthcare and 7.1 million people of nutrition (OCHA
04/10/2022)

Latest updates
- Maternal health: 600,000 pregnant women in flood affected areas are without sufficient maternal health
services, according to the Minister of State for Finance and Revenue (Pakistan Observer, Financial Times
30/09/2022). About 2,000 women are estimated to be giving birth daily, most of them in unsafe conditions (WHO
04/10/2022). Already before the floods, Pakistan had one of the highest maternal mortality rates in Asia, with
the situation likely to deteriorate due to the high disruption to the access to services (OCHA 01/10/2022).
- High rise of diseases caseload: 4.4 million cases of diseases have been reported in the country since 1 July, most
of which in Sindh (3.3 million) as of 1 October (Pakistan Today 01/10/2022). On 20 September alone, the National
Institute of Health reportedly recorded 1,900 cases of acute watery diarrhoea, 200 cases of malaria and 50 cases
of dengue fever across Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab and Sindh provinces (OCHA 01/10/2022).
- Mental health: An estimated 50% of children and their caregivers report signs of distress, according to the
preliminary findings of the inter-agency rapid needs assessment (UNICEF 28/09/2022).
- Far, insufficient and malfunctioning health facilities: 37% of key informants within the communities surveyed for
the MSRNA report that their nearest health facility is not working. About half of those who said their nearest
health facility was functioning emphasised that it did not meet the needs of their community. The main causes
for this lack of functionality are the absence of doctors, damage to the infrastructure of the centre or the lack of
medicines or other amenities necessary for its normal functioning. These communities also lack maternal and
child facilities as well as mental health and psychosocial services, despite the fact that more than 50% of the
population surveyed reported mental health issues in their communities (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).
- Shortages of medicines: Pharmacies are out of painkillers, antibiotics, and medicine for skin, gynaecological
issues, diabetes and eye infection (DW, WHO 04/10/2022).
- High prevalence of malnutrition pre-crisis: Prevalence of Global Acute Malnutrition was already high in the
country, with 96% of children under 2 not having a minimum acceptable diet, and at least 40% of children under
5 chronically malnourished (stunted) (OCHA 01/10/2022).
- Malnutrition and lack of nutrition services and assistance: Malnutrition is beginning to be felt in flood-affected
areas, where 62% of respondents consider child nutrition to be a serious and real threat to children in their
communities, a situation exacerbated by the absence of nutrition assistance or public nutrition services available
in only 10% of the communities surveyed in the MSRNA (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).
- Main health needs: When asked about the main health needs, medicine was indicated by a notable majority,

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 Update #8 - 5th of October

followed by the need for mobile clinics and child health services (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).

Logistics and access

Key figures
- More than 13,000 km of roads damaged by the rains and 440 bridges affected (NDMA 04/10/2022). At least 67%
of the country's roads suffered some type of damage (OCHA 14/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Main concerns: Two-thirds of MSRNA key informants stated that the communication infrastructure had been
affected in their area. The main reasons were that the telephone line did not work (64%), lack of internet (40%)
and that mobile services lacked coverage (30%) (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).

Protection

Key figures
- Increase by more than double of gender-based, child protection and other protection concerns since the
pre-monsoon period, according to the Protection Sector (OCHA 09/09/2022).
- High risk of sexual exploitation and abuse
- 13.5 million people in need (OCHA 04/10/2022).

Latest updates
- Main protection concerns: The main protection problems perceived by communities are divided between those
that existed before the floods and those that have arisen as a result of them. The latter are the most serious in
the perception of respondents and include fear of theft (36%), threats (19%) or community disputes (19%),
followed by more structural risks such as harassment (17%) or gender-based violence (11%). In the case of GBV,
one of the main challenges is the lack of knowledge of the mechanisms and referral pathways for victims, as less
than 5% of those surveyed in the MSRNA claim to be aware of them (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).

Shelter/NFIs

Key figures
- More than 2.04 million houses in the country have been damaged or destroyed, 88% of them in Sindh (NDMA
04/10/2022). 12 million people in need of shelter (OCHA 04/10/2022).
- 16% of families are without shelter, with more than half (54%) sleeping outside in tents or improvised structures
(Save the Children 27/09/2022)

Latest updates

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 Update #8 - 5th of October

- Winter approaching: Cold temperatures are expected from November onwards in Sindh, raising the urgency to
find suitable shelter solutions for the million people affected by the floods (Geo TV 04/10/2022).
- One third of the houses in affected areas are completely destroyed: In the districts surveyed by MSRNA,
approximately one third of the houses are completely destroyed, another third are partially damaged (requiring
repair assistance) and the remaining third are intact, although there are large variations between provinces (GoP,
NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).

WASH

Key figures
- 30% of water systems estimated to have been damaged (UNICEF 01/09/2022).
- 80% of households do not have access to enough clean water, with one in five drinking from canals or rivers
(Save the Children 27/09/2022).
- No access to toilets for more than half of 1,200 surveyed households (Save the Children 27/09/2022).
- 6.3 million people in need of WASH assistance (OCHA 04/10/2022).

Latest updates
- Lack of access to safe water: 2.3 million people have no access to safe drinking water and almost 3 million are
using polluted water for drinking, according to UNICEF (Dawn 01/10/2022). The general trend in access to water
has been to resort to unprotected sources of water and to rely on temporary measures such as bottled water or
water trucking. According to MSRNA data, 70% of communities surveyed in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab and
Sindh provinces do not have access to clean water, and two out of three key informants say that access to clean
water is a serious problem for their communities (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).
- Lack of latrines: Open defecation increased from 21% before the floods to 35% after, according to the Rapid
Needs Assessment. About 950,000 households’ latrines have been damaged or not accessible, with an estimated
6.3 million people affected (OCHA 01/10/2022).
- Hygiene: An additional 14% of affected people (4.7 million) do not practice handwashing with soap due to a lack
of facilities and limited awareness, according to the Rapid Needs Assessment (OCHA 01/10/2022).
- Water-borne diseases and infections and the lack of epidemiological data: Vector- and water-borne diseases pose
a serious problem after weeks of flooding, especially in areas that remain submerged such as a considerable part
of Sindh province. MRNA relied on key informants’ perception of the prevalence of these diseases and infections,
the most prominent being diarrhoea (86%), malaria or dengue (83%), cough, cold or fever (78%) or skin
infections (77%). There are some discrepancies with other studies, so the data need to be harmonised (GoP,
NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).

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 Update #8 - 5th of October

Provincial level
The five most affected provinces are Balochistan, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab and Gilgit-Baltistan.

Balochistan Province
Cross sector

Key figures
- 9.18 million people are affected in 32 districts (NDMA 04/10/2022).
- 7 worst-affected districts: Quetta, Nasirabad, Jafferabad, Jhal Magsi, Bolan, Sohbatpur and Lesbela (Dawn
26/09/2022).
- Main needs reported by refugees: shelter, healthcare, cash assistance and food (IRC 19/09/2022).
- 2 to 3 refugees not able to access essential services due to the unavailability of service in the area and the
discontinuity of services due to flooding (IRC 19/09/2022).
- Negative coping mechanisms among refugees: child labour (75%), early marriage (52%), domestic violence (52%)
and selling goods (27%) (IRC 19/09/2022).

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Education

Key figures
- 2,859 schools damaged, according to provisional data from provincial Education Departments (OCHA
04/10/2022), mostly in Lasbella and Quetta districts, including at least 977 fully destroyed and 577 used as
shelters as of 11 September, affecting 386,000 students (The Express Tribune 15/09/2022, Education Cluster
11/09/2022)
- Less than 30% of refugee schools were operational in districts surveyed by IRC (IRC 19/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Schools used as shelters: The World Bank reports that most schools in the province are being used to shelter
displaced families (World Bank 28/09/2022).

Food security and Livelihoods

Key figures
- 900,000 acres of crops have been affected, according to the PDMA (Pakistan Observer 17/09/2022). 108,229
acres destroyed, according to the Ministry of National Food Security and Research (Pakistan Today 14/09/2022).
- More than 500,000 livestock killed by the floods (NDMA 04/10/2022).
- 61% of livestock keepers reported symptoms of transboundary animal diseases ​(FAO 07/09/2022).
- 3 out of 4 refugees have reduced their food intake in Pishin and 57% in Killah Abdullah (IRC 19/09/2022).
- 87% refugees in Balochistan unable to access basic purchases due to lack of financial means (IRC 19/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Shortages and high price of flour: Prices of flour have skyrocketed in Quetta and other parts of Balochistan, with
the food item reportedly not available in most shops across the province (Pakistan Today 30/09/2022).
- Impact on crops: About 365,000 hectares of “Kharif” crops have been negatively affected (FAO 04/10/2022). 84%
of vegetables grown in the affected areas of Balochistan have been damaged by the floods, while horticultural
crops and fruit trees have also been severely affected in the six districts assessed by Islamic Relief, especially date
trees, which are of major importance in Washuk and Nushki (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).
- Most sources of livelihood are severely affected: In Balochistan and Sindh, more than 80% of jobs related to
agriculture, livestock and, in the case of Sindh, fish farms, have been affected. In second place are daily workers
(74% of them in these two provinces have been affected) and to a lesser extent government jobs, although the
loss of jobs has been much less in the public sector (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).
- Livestock-rearing families in need: Among the livestock losses in Balochistan and Sindh, sheep and goat losses
have accounted for 93% of the total number of animals perished since August. It is estimated that around 50% of
livestock-dependent families are in need of assistance, a situation that will worsen in Sindh, where vast areas of
land remain flooded and do not allow livestock to feed on fodder and disease and hunger are expected to break
out among livestock, leaving livestock-dependent families vulnerable and in need (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).
- Insufficient food stock and kitchen NFIs: 78% of the population in the worst affected areas of Sindh and
Balochistan lack the resources to secure food for their households. This is compounded by the fact that a
significant portion of food stocks have been spoiled and families have lost cooking utensils and machinery
(Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).

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Health

Key figures
- High rise in cases of diarrhoea, skin infections, gastrointestinal illness, respiratory infections (MSF 01/09/2022,
IRC 22/08/2022).
- 297 health centres are damaged, according to the health Ministry (Pakistan Observer 20/09/2022).
- 75% of health centres surveyed lack minimum standards according to community key informants (IRC
19/09/2022).
- Significant increase in the prevalence of diarrhoea (+80%), malaria and respiratory infections (+60%) and skin
infections (+46%) and high fevers among the refugee population (IRC 19/09/2022).
- Significant rise in the prevalence of malaria: 70% of the 300 people tested daily are positive in Dera Allah Yar
district (Pakistan Today 18/09/2022).
- Most immediate health needs of refugees: medicine and supplies and skilled personnel (IRC 19/09/2022).
- 43% of girls, 45% of boys and 55% of caregivers showing signs of stress according to the UN Rapid Needs
Assessment (UNICEF 20/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Rise in disease caseload: A quarter of consultations have been for diarrhoea, while 8% of patients have been
reported with malaria (UNICEF 28/09/2022).
- Dengue: At least 3,364 cases have been reported in the province this year, with Lasbella district being the worst
affected. Most cases originate from the coastal belt of the province (Pakistan Today 28/09/2022).
- Malaria: 3,131 cases have been reported in the province on 3 October only, mostly in Suhbatpur, Jaffarabad,
Nasirabad, Jhal Magsi and Dera Bugti districts. Over the past two weeks, more than 37,220 cases have been
recorded (Pakistan Today 03/10/2022).

Logistics

Key figures
- Nearly 2,220 km of roads and 54 bridges in Balochistan are damaged by floods (NDMA 04/10/2022), but most
highways are now repaired (Pakistan Today 26/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Electricity cuts: Quetta and other parts of the province have been without electricity and gas for around 15 days
(The Express Tribune 29/09/2022).
- Restoration of railway line: Quetta-Taftan railway track was restored on 30 September, after being unoperational
since 29 July (Pakistan Today 30/09/2022).

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Protection

Key figures
- Half of the refugee population report feeling unsafe mainly due to weather events and related risks, and to a
lesser extent due to violence, community conflict or threats (IRC 19/09/2022).
- Growing concern within the community regarding child marriage, intimate partner violence and behavioral
changes in children, as well as a lack of adequate information on available services in Quetta (OCHA
16/09/2022).
- Severe gaps in available GBV services or referral mechanisms (OCHA 16/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Unsafe environment for women and girls: Among the female population, protection risks are high, with 47% of
the female population surveyed reporting a lack of safe spaces (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).

Shelter/NFIs

Key figures
- NDMA estimates put the number of houses damaged at 52,200 and those destroyed at around 20,000 for a total
of 72,235 houses damaged in some way by the floods. However, the latest figures from the Balochistan PDMA
put the number of houses damaged at 125,000 and those fully destroyed at 65,000, a total that exceeds the
national estimates by 150%. This disparity needs to be further explored to clarify the real impact of the floods
(NDMA 04/10/2022).

Latest updates
- Damaged walls: According to the latest assessment by Islamic Relief, between 55% and 60% of the boundary
walls of the houses surveyed in six districts (Nushki, Pishin, Killa, Saifullah, Quetta, Washuk and Jaffarabad) have
been damaged by floods and hurricane force winds, a situation aggravated by the fact that 75-85% of the homes
in these districts are built with a weak mixture of mud and stones, which have been more severely damaged
compared to those built with more resistant materials (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022, FAO, GoP, WFP 04/10/2022).
- Main shelter needs: Priority needs shared by respondents are multi-purpose cash assistance (85%), tents and
tarpaulin sheets (81%) respectively (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).
- Reluctance to leave damaged and destroyed houses: The population is reluctant to abandon their homes even
though they are damaged or destroyed, and in fact 87% prefer to stay in semi-ruined homes or live in the yards
of their destroyed homes rather than move to temporary centres or tents (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).

12
 Update #8 - 5th of October

WASH

Key figures
- Up to 30% of water systems damaged (OCHA 02/09/2022).
- 57% of the refugee population assessed by IRC with no safe drinking water in their communities (Pishin: 63%)
(IRC 19/09/2022).
- 75% of the refugee population lack basic hygiene NFIs (IRC 19/09/2022).
- 68% of the refugee population lack toilets of any kind after the floods (IRC 19/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Lack of potable water as the main WASH issue: The main water, sanitation and hygiene problem in Balochistan is
the lack of safe drinking water, indicated as the main need by 73% of respondents in the districts surveyed by
Islamic Relief (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).
- Open defecation and high risk of water-born diseases: Both Balochistan and Sindh were two provinces with high
open defecation rates before the floods, but these have risen from 61% to 71% in recent weeks. In addition, the
few latrines are flooded and faecal water is spreading through communities, encouraging the proliferation of
mosquitoes and potential outbreaks of water- and hygiene-related communicable diseases (Islamic Relief
27/09/2022).
- Lack of hygienic habits may lead to diseases outbreaks: Similar to sanitation, both Balochistan and Sindh are two
provinces with a low rate of uptake of hygienic habits, such as daily bathing or hand washing after defecation,
with only 27% of the surveyed population habitually doing the latter. This exacerbates the risks of communicable
diseases (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).
- Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) challenges and protection issues: Nearly two out of three women and
girls face challenges regarding the availability of adequate menstrual hygiene facilities, including lack of sufficient
water, MHM material and privacy. This protection issue stands evenly overwhelming among the displaced
population (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).

Gilgit-Baltistan Province
Cross sector

Key figures
- 51,500 people affected (NDMA 04/10/2022).
- Very limited information is available on the damages and needs in this province. While less affected than other
provinces, 9 districts have still been classified as ‘calamity-hit’ by the NDMA (NDMA 04/10/2022).

Latest updates
- Response gaps: Residents of Nagar district have voiced concerns that, despite damages from the floods, little to
no response has been reaching their area (Ani news 26/09/2022).

13
 Update #8 - 5th of October

Food security and Livelihoods

Key figures
- Grains stocks reportedly run out in the province, as traffic on the Karakoram Highway remains suspended for
heavy cargo trucks (The Express Tribune 14/09/2022).

Logistics

Key figures
- At least 16 kilometres of roads and 65 bridges damaged (NDMA 04/10/2022).

Shelter/NFIs

Key figures
- 1,211 houses damaged, of which 575 fully destroyed (NDMA 04/10/2022).

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province

Cross sector

Key figures
- 4.35 million people are affected in 17 districts (NDMA 04/10/2022). 6 worst-affected districts: Dir, Swat,
Charsadda, Kohistan, Tank and Dera Ismail Khan (Dawn 26/09/2022).
- 800,000 Afghan refugees settled in the province (UNHCR 02/09/2022).
- Immediate needs include food, shelter and medical care for affected populations, while key informants mention
food, WASH and cash assistance (IRC 13/09/2022)
- Main needs reported by refugees in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan are shelter, healthcare, cash assistance
and food (IRC 19/09/2022)
- Significant gaps in delivery, with 25% of the surveyed population in Swat mentioned having received assistance as
of mid-September and 0% in Tank (IRC 13/09/2022).
- Significant barriers in accessing basic services, with only 44% of the population having access to food, livelihood
and health services, 35% to shelter and around 30% for women and child protection and WASH (IRC
13/09/2022). 2 out 3 refugees do not have access to essential services due to the unavailability of service in the
area and the discontinuity of services due to flooding (IRC 19/09/2022).
- Negative coping mechanisms include child labor, sale of goods, criminal activities, aggression and violence of
various kinds and forced marriage (IRC 13/09/2022). Among refugees, early marriage and domestic violence are
of higher proportions (IRC 19/09/2022).

14
 Update #8 - 5th of October

Education

Key figures
- 420 schools damaged, according to provisional data from provincial Education Departments (OCHA 04/10/2022).
- Less than 30% of refugee schools were operational in districts surveyed by IRC (22% in Nowshera) (IRC
19/09/2022).
- Priority needs include school repairs, cleaning and drainage, establishment of new places to teach classes,
educational kits or cash assistance to meet all the education needs (IRC 13/09/2022).
- 26% of respondents reported access to education facilities (IRC 13/09/2022).

Food security and Livelihoods

Key figures
- 778,742 acres of crops destroyed, according to the Ministry of National Food Security and Research (Pakistan
Today 14/09/2022).
- 21,328 livestock lost (NDMA 04/10/2022).
- 800 shops or markets damaged in the districts visited by IRC, with around half inoperative (IRC 13/09/2022).
- About a third of the population cannot afford basic necessities due to the loss of their livelihoods(IRC
13/09/2022).
- 75% of the population surveyed reported difficulties accessing food, with more than half relying on humanitarian
assistance as their main source of food since the floods began (IRC 13/09/2022).
- 87% refugees unable to access basic purchases due to lack of financial means (IRC 19/09/2022).
- 14% of the refugee population in Lower Dir and 38% in Nowshera reduced their daily food consumption (IRC
19/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Impact on crops: About 60,700 hectares of “Kharif” crops have been negatively affected (FAO 04/10/2022).
- Agriculture as the main affected livelihood: The percentage of livelihoods affected by the floods has been lower
in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa than in Sindh and Balochistan, although in the case of agriculture more than 60% of
farmers have had their crops affected. Other sectors impacted were skilled or unskilled labour (47%), private jobs
(41%), livestock (28%), tourism (26%), shop-keeping (25%), fisheries (22%) and remittances (22%), although the
duration of the damage is not the same for all these sectors. While the disruption of some businesses is
temporary while communications are resumed, others, such as fish farms built on river banks, will require a total
reconstruction that will take longer (Islamic Relief 04/10/2022).
- Livestock losses: The main challenges associated with stockbreeding in the assessed districts of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa are the lack of fodder to feed the animals (55%), the destruction of stables and other structures to
ensure shelter for livestock (27%) and the fact that 18% of the respondents claimed to have sold their animals,
since the floods took place, in order to be able to eat or meet their basic needs (Islamic Relief 04/10/2022).
- DI Khan is the most affected district agriculture-wise: Among the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa districts that have
suffered flooding, agricultural losses have been exponentially greater in DI Khan, where up to 7 times more
arable land has been lost or damaged than in any of the other districts analysed by Islamic Relief (Islamic Relief
04/10/2022).

15
 Update #8 - 5th of October

- Coping mechanisms - sale of assets to meet immediate needs: Between 10% (Upper Dir) and 29% (DI Khan) of
households in the districts surveyed by Islamic Relief have resorted to borrowing from relatives or acquaintances
to meet their most immediate needs, with a particular incidence among daily wage labourers (Islamic Relief
04/10/2022).
- Coping mechanisms - reduction of daily meals: A reduction in the number of daily meals is also identified in the
case study districts, especially in DL Khan (31% households), Nowshera (18%), and Tank (18%), with a correlation
between the loss of acres of arable land, numerous livestock losses and this negative coping mechanism (Islamic
Relief 04/10/2022).

Health

Key figures
- 221 health facilities damaged, including at least 53 fully (Pakistan Observer 20/09/2022).
- 29% of health centres or health facilities surveyed by IRC are out of service (75% in DI Khan district) (IRC
13/09/2022).
- Adequate staff and medicines in only 6% of health centres (IRC 13/09/2022). 25% of health centres surveyed lack
minimum standards according to community key informants (IRC 19/09/2022). 67% of refugees assessed in
Nowshera reported shortages of medicines and supplies, with 50% reporting quality and inaccessibility issues
due to overcrowding (IRC 19/09/2022).
- Significant increase in the prevalence of diarrhoea (+80%), malaria and respiratory infections (+60%) and skin
infections (+46%) and high fevers among the refugee population (IRC 19/09/2022). 4,800 malaria cases reported
between 16 and 18 September and more than 6,400 cases of dengue recorded (The Express Tribune
26/09/2022).
- More than 50% of the population in the most affected districts of the province have had their mental health
affected (IRC 13/09/2022).
- Most immediate needs of refugees in Nowshera and Lower Dir districts: medicines and supplies, continuous 24/7
assistance and transport and qualified staff (IRC 19/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Dengue: 9,249 cases have been recorded this year in the province, 4,000 of which in the past five month, with
more than 410 new ones recorded on 30 September and 1 October, mostly in Peshawar district (The Express
Tribune 05/10/2022, Pakistan Today 03/10/2022, Pakistan Today 02/10/2022, The Express Tribune 01/10/2022).
- Polio: A 10-month-old child died from wild polio on 30 September, the 20th case this year (Pakistan Today
01/10/2022).
- Water-borne diseases grow while water remains stagnant: Weeks of stagnant water have led to an increase in
water-borne diseases. Diarrhoea and scabies are the two most commonly identified diseases (24% and 20% of
communities), followed by eyes infection (14%), body-pain and malaria (12%), cholera (8%), hepatitis (4) and
Dengue (6%), which, although in smaller proportion, can also be severe and may cause a health emergency in the
coming weeks (Islamic Relief 04/10/2022).

16
 Update #8 - 5th of October

Logistics

Key figures
- 1,575 km of roads damaged or destroyed and 107 bridges (NDMA 04/10/2022).
- Half of the public transport is out of service in districts surveyed by IRC (IRC 13/09/2022).
- Weak signals of mobile networks, internet and electricity cuts reported by surveyed population (IRC
13/09/2022).

Protection

Key figures
- 43% of the population do not feel safe, 90% in Swat district (IRC 13/09/2022).
- Half of the refugee population report feeling unsafe mainly due to weather events and related risks, and to a
lesser extent due to violence, community conflict or threats (IRC 19/09/2022).

Shelter/NFIs

Key figures
- 91,463 houses damaged, of which more than 37,525 totally destroyed (NDMA 04/10/2022).
- Two-thirds of households in the districts surveyed by IRC (Charsadda, DI Khan, Nowshera, Swat, and Tank) with
no electricity (80% in DI Khan district) (IRC 13/09/2022).
- Main concerns include essential household items, unavailability of shelters, inhabitable houses and overcrowded
shelters (IRC 13/09/2022).
- Most pressing needs include tents and cash assistance (IRC 13/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Underreported destruction of household commodities: The damages to commodities of the affected households
include kitchen sets (46%), stocked food (40%), beds/furniture (49%), clothes/boxes (42%) and electric
appliances (47%). The widespread destruction of households’ furniture, mattresses, clothes, and boxes was
discovered during focus group discussions in the districts of Charsadda and Nowshera, although it has received
less attention. Similar events occurred in Tank and DI Khan districts (Islamic Relief 04/10/2022).
- Main shelter needs: The main shelter needs indicated by Islamic Relief respondents are cash assistance for
reconstruction costs (47%) and the provision of construction materials to undertake rehabilitation on their own
(43%), while other emergency goods such as tents, sheets or tarpaulins were indicated by less than 10% of the
population (Islamic Relief 04/10/2022).

17
 Update #8 - 5th of October

WASH

Key figures
- Up to 20% of water systems damaged (OCHA 02/09/2022). 209 water sources in Swat, Charsadda, Nowshera, DI
Khan and Tank damaged (IRC 13/09/2022).
- More than 65% of the population has no access to clean drinking water (IRC 13/09/2022).
- Around half lacks sufficient water, hygiene NFIs, access to toilets or safe sanitation facilities (IRC 13/09/2022).
- 80% of the surveyed population stated not being able to keep sanitation facilities in optimal conditions (IRC
13/09/2022).
- 57% of the refugee population assessed by IRC had no safe drinking water in their communities (IRC
19/09/2022).
- 80% of the refugee population lack toilets of any kind after the floods (IRC 19/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Destruction of water sources has led to dependance on water trucks and bottled water: Many of the traditional
water sources have been flooded and rendered unusable (78% of hand pumps, 70% of open wells, 62% of
boreholes and 61% of spring water through Drinking Water Supply Schemes). At the end of September, 68% of
households obtained water from alternative sources to those used before the floods, 64% rely on water tankers
(which cannot access all locations, especially those more remote and flooded) or bottled water (31%), and only
41% of households keep water in their dwelling (Islamic Relief 04/10/2022).
- Most district still have their water polluted: In Swat and Dir Upper districts, the water quality recovered
spontaneously after a few days, but in Charsadda, Nowshera, Tank and DI Khan districts, the water was still
polluted and in need of sanitation, filtration and purification for between 70% and 90% of the population, thus
becoming a major problem for these districts, according to key informant interviews (Islamic Relief 04/10/2022).
- Open defecation increased by 84%: DI Khan and Tank were the two districts with the highest rates of open
defecation before the floods (36% and 34% respectively). While the other districts performed better than in
provinces such as Sindh (in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 81% of the population used latrines), floods have led to the
open defecation rate rising to 35% in the province (Islamic Relief 04/10/2022).
- Poor MHM and protection risks within WASH facilities: Almost 53% women and adult-girls are facing challenges
regarding the availability of proper facilities including sufficient water, Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM)
material and privacy, and 71% of the respondents identified protection risks when it comes to accessing WASH
facilities (Islamic Relief 04/10/2022).

Punjab Province
Cross sector

Key figures
- The affected population figures still differ considerably between those provided by the NDMA (4.84 million) and
the Punjab PDMA (673,000), so harmonisation or clarification by the authorities is needed (NDMA 04/10/2022,
PDMA 29/09/2022).
- 2 most affected districts: DG Khan and Rajanpur (Dawn 26/09/2022).

18
 Update #8 - 5th of October

Education

Key figures
- 2,158 schools damaged, according to provisional data from provincial Education Departments (OCHA
04/10/2022). The PDMA reports 569 schools inundated as of 29 September (PDMA 29/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Damaged schools: In Punjab, according to the MSRNA, 29% of the schools in the districts surveyed have been
damaged by the floods, although only 6% of the total number of schools have irreparable damage, not affecting
significantly the education of children in the area (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).

Food security and Livelihoods

Key figures
- 706,797 acres of crops affected, 50% of which in DG Khan (PDMA 29/09/2022)
- 205,146 livestock lost, of which 136,130 small animals and more than 69,000 large, mostly in Rajanpur (PDMA
29/09/2022). Meat prices are reportedly increasing, +25% for beef in Rawalpindi (The Express Tribune
26/09/2022).
- 100 shops have been damaged, the vast majority in DG Khan (98) (PDMA 29/09/2022)

Latest updates
- Impact on crops: About 285,000 hectares of “Kharif” crops have been negatively affected (FAO 04/10/2022).

Health

Key figures
- 25 health centres were inundated, including 16 in Rajanpur and 7 in DG Khan (PDMA 29/09/2022)
- About 152,000 people were treated daily in relief camps on average since 1 September, with a 20% increase
recorded over the past week compared to the first week of September, reaching 170,000 daily over the past
week (PDMA 21/09/2022). Most suffered from skin diseases, fever, diarrhoea and eye infections (Dawn
04/09/2022). There are reportedly no IDPs in relief camps as of 26 September (PDMA 27/09/2022).

Latest updates
- High disease caseload: At least 63,400 cases of acute respiratory infections, 50,000 cases of scabies, 30,200 cases
of fever, close to 30,000 cases of diarrhoea and almost 4,500 cases of eye infections have been reported in the
province (PDMA 29/09/2022). 7,039 cases of dengue have been recorded in the province this year (Pakistan
Today 03/10/2022), of which more than 2,600 in Rawalpindi district (The Express Tribune 05/10/2022).

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 Update #8 - 5th of October

Logistics

Key figures
- 877 kilometres of roads, mostly in DG Khan and Rajanpur, and 15 bridges damaged, remaining unchanged since
the last update (PDMA 29/09/2022).

Shelter/NFIs/

Key figures
- 67,981 shelters are damaged, mostly in Rajanpur and DG Khan, of which 25,854 fully - a 50% increase compared
to 1 September (PDMA 29/09/2022).

WASH

Key figures
- Up to 50% of water systems were damaged in the hardest hit areas of Punjab (OCHA 02/09/2022).
- 320 canals damaged, mostly in Rajanpur (311) (PDMA 29/09/2022)

Sindh Province
Cross sector

Key figures
- Floodwaters are rapidly receding in different parts of Dadu district. However, the water levels have shown no sign
of decreasing in Khairpur Nathan Shah, Bhan Syedabad and Johi districts (Dawn 24/09/2022).
- Most affected districts: Qambar-Shahda­dkot, Jacobabad, Larkana, Khairpur, Dadu, Naushehro Feroz, Thatta and
Badin (Dawn 26/09/2022).
- The floods in several areas of Sindh over the last weeks of September raised the affected population recorded by
the PDMA to 12.1 million and 2.3 million households, an increase of about 10% compared to early September,
but this has not been reflected in the NDMA, where the affected population remains at 14.5 million (NDMA
04/10/2022, PDMA 04/10/2022).
- 7.38 million people remain displaced, of which 1.23 million in Khairpur, 1.07 million in Larkana, 804,000 in Dadu
and 557,000 in Umerkot. 352,700 people remain displaced in camps in Sindh, yet this represents a reduction of
40% since 21 September (PDMA 21/09/2022, PDMA 04/10/2022). 50 to 60% of flood affected people in Dadu,
Khairpur, and Naushero Feroz districts have either permanently migrated to safe cities, according to a survey by
SRSO (Pakistan Today 27/09/2022).
- Priority needs include shelter and food, followed by potable water and sanitation services and NFIs (IRC
06/09/2022).

20
 Update #8 - 5th of October

Latest updates
- Water levels: Officials estimate it will take at least 20 days for the water to recede from the areas on the left bank
of the Indus River and 45 more days for the water on the right bank (The Express Tribune 28/09/2022). As of 20
September, in 18 out of 22 districts of Sindh, floodwater levels had receded at least 34%, and in some districts up
to 78% (OCHA 01/10/2022).

Education

Key figures
- 19,750 schools damaged, according to provisional data from provincial Education Departments (OCHA
04/10/2022).
- 2,500 schools used as shelters according to Pasban Democratic Party PDP Chairman (Pakistan Observer
10/09/2022).
- School enrollment could decrease by 50% according to Pasban Democratic Party PDP Chairman (Pakistan
Observer 10/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Damages to education facilities: Almost 40% of primary and secondary schools have been damaged (World Bank
28/09/2022). Preliminary assessment shows that at least 6,642 primary schools and education department
offices in four districts of Larkana region have been damaged -1,357 schools in Shikarpur, 1,430 in Jacobabad,
1,507 in Kambar-Shahdadkot, and 1,528 in Kandhkot and Kashmore district - including 841 schools completely
destroyed, affecting the education of 433,840 students. However, 75% schools are still to be visited as water
levels have not receded completely (Pakistan Today 02/10/2022). In the districts surveyed by MSRNA, the
damage is more severe, with 46% of schools having suffered some form of damage, and half of these being
completely destroyed (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).

Food security and Livelihoods

Key figures
- 3.7 million acres of crops remain affected by the floods - about 50% of the fields (Pakistan Today 26/09/2022).
While the figure is alarming and the highest among the country's provinces, the unusable area had reduced by
more than 20% in the last week of September (PDMA 04/10/2022).
- 435,785 animals have been killed, mainly in Dadu, N. Feroze and Khaipur, showing a 40% increase since 21
September (PDMA 21/09/2022, PDMA 04/10/2022).
- Shortages of fodder continue to be reported (Reuters 20/09/2022)

Latest updates
- Crops under water: 83% of crops in Islamic Relief-assessed districts in Sindh have been lost, as have many of the
fish farms, which have been flooded and rendered unusable (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022). About 1.9 million
hectares of “Kharif” crops have been negatively affected (FAO 04/10/2022).
- Most sources of livelihood are severely affected: In Balochistan and Sindh, more than 80% of jobs related to
agriculture, livestock and, in the case of Sindh, fish farms, have been affected. In second place are daily workers

21
 Update #8 - 5th of October

(74% of them in these two provinces have been affected) and to a lesser extent government jobs, although the
loss of jobs has been much less in the public sector (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).
- Livestock-rearing families in need: Among the livestock losses in Balochistan and Sindh, sheep and goat losses
have accounted for 93% of the total number of animals perished since August. It is estimated that around 50% of
livestock-dependent families are in need of assistance, a situation that will worsen in Sindh, where vast areas of
land remain flooded and do not allow livestock to feed on fodder and disease and hunger are expected to break
out among livestock, leaving livestock-dependent families vulnerable and in need (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).
- Insufficient food stock and kitchen NFIs: 78% of the population in the worst affected areas of Sindh and
Balochistan lack the resources to secure food for their households. This is compounded by the fact that a
significant portion of food stocks have been spoiled and families have lost cooking utensils and machinery
(Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).

Health

Key figures
- At least 1,200 health facilities have been damaged, mostly in Sukkur, Larkana, Hyderabad, Mirpurkhas and
Shaheed Benazirabad (The Express Tribune 21/09/2022, Pakistan Observer 20/09/2022).
- At least 126 health facilities are completely destroyed, of which 65 in Mirpurkhas, 22 in Hyderabad, 17 in Sukkur,
13 in Larkana, 7 in Shaheed Benazirabad and 1 in Karachi (Dawn 05/09/2022).
- More than 3.3 million people in flood-affected areas of Sindh have been infected by various diseases since July
(Pakistan Today 01/10/2022). 4,000 malaria cases reported daily, reaching more than 162,000 confirmed cases
this year, 85% of which in September (BBC 04/10/2022, The Express Tribune 25/09/2022). More than 4,300
dengue cases were reported in September, a 60% increase in a month (The Express Tribune 25/09/2022). More
than 605,000 cases of diarrhoea and 666,000 skin diseases reported (The Express Tribune 25/09/2022).
- Only 17% of the population can access health services according to key informants (IRC 06/09/2022).
- Around 30% to 40% of healthcare services without basic medical supplies according to key informants (IRC
06/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Rise in disease caseload: One in every five health consultations have been for diarrhoeal disease, while one in ten
patients have been treated for malaria (UNICEF 28/09/2022). 9,549 respiratory infections, 8,226 skin infections
and 7,055 diarrhoea cases were reported in the province on 4 October (Pakistan Observer 05/10/2022).
- Malaria: More than 140,000 cases of malaria have been reported in the first three weeks of September alone
(BBC 04/10/2022), with 6,173 cases reported on 4 October, according to Sindh health department (Pakistan
Observer 05/10/2022).
- Dengue: 10,945 cases have been reported in the province this year, with 341 new cases on 2 October, mostly in
Karachi (Pakistan Today 03/10/2022).
- Gastroenteritis: At least 2,000 cases of gastroenteritis are being reported daily in the province (The Express
Tribune 28/09/2022).
- Fear of greater health caseload: The scale of the health crisis is suspected to be even greater, as access to remote
areas is still not possible across the province (The Express Tribune 30/09/2022).
- Shortages of healthcare workers: The Sindh government is trying to hire more than 5,000 health professionals on
a temporary basis in districts most at risk (Hindustan Times 03/10/2022).

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 Update #8 - 5th of October

Logistics

Key figures
- 8,389 km of roads affected and 165 bridges, unchanged since 21 September (PDMA 04/10/2022).
- 58% of houses without electricity supply (IRC 06/09/2022).
- 153 cell sites still down (Dawn 13/09/2022).
- Significant power outages due to 3 grid stations in Khairpur Nathan Shah, Faridabad, Bhan Syedabad not
functioning (Dawn 19/09/2022).

Protection

Main issues and needs

- 38% of respondents not feeling safe at all (63% in Mirpur Khas) (IRC 06/09/2022).
- Protection concerns increased significantly or very significantly in their area for 63% of key informants (IRC
06/09/2022).
- Priority immediate needs include safe spaces for women, adolescent girls, and children (78% of key informants)
and shelters (69%) (IRC 06/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Rise in crime: Karachi has witnessed an "alarming increase" in street crime following the floods, according to
Sindh Police officials (Geo TV 01/10/2022).
- Risky environment for women and girls: Among the female population, protection risks are high, with 47% of the
female population surveyed reporting a lack of safe spaces (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).

Shelter/NFIs

Key figures
- About 1.85 million shelters have been damaged so far, with Larkana and Mirkhurpas districts being the ones with
most houses damaged (226,980 and 185,176 respectively) and Kamber accounting for more than 120,000 houses
fully destroyed (PDMA 04/10/2022). Sindh accounts for 88% of all the damaged or fully destroyed houses
nation-wide (NDMA 04/10/2022).
- Priority immediate needs include tents (29% of the key informants), cash assistance (20%), plastic sheeting
(19%), GI sheet (17%) and tarpaulin and shelter repair (14%) (IRC 06/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Extremely high rate of housing destruction: While, in the affected provinces and districts, one third of the total
housing stock has been destroyed, in the case of Sindh this rate rises to 51%, and only 16% of the total housing
stock in the affected areas has been left intact (GoP, NHN, PHF, UNCTP 04/10/2022).

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 Update #8 - 5th of October

WASH

Key figures
- Up to 50% of water systems are damaged in the hardest hit areas of Sindh (OCHA 02/09/2022), with around 212
main water supply schemes/sources damaged reported by IRC (IRC 06/09/2022).
- 55% of the population do not have access to sufficient and clean drinking water according to key informants (IRC
06/09/2022).
- Lack of access of women and girls to any menstrual hygiene supplies reported by all key informants and lack of
access of the population to basic hygiene supplies reported by 70% of key informants (IRC 06/09/2022).
- Difficulties for women and girls to access latrine facilities reported by 88% of key informants, and by 66% for the
overall population (IRC 06/09/2022).

Latest updates
- Lack of access to drinkable water sources: 89% of communities assessed in Sindh rely on hand-pumps or
water-bores to meet their water needs. Shallow water hand pumps and wells are about 83% submerged, with
communities reporting not having water storage pots, highlighted as the main WASH need in the province
(Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).
- Open defecation and high risk of water-born diseases: Both Balochistan and Sindh were two provinces with high
open defecation rates before the floods, but these have risen from 61% to 71% in recent weeks. In addition, the
few latrines are flooded and faecal water is spreading through communities, encouraging the proliferation of
mosquitoes and potential outbreaks of water- and hygiene-related communicable diseases (Islamic Relief
27/09/2022).
- Lack of hygienic habits may lead to diseases outbreaks: Similar to sanitation, both Balochistan and Sindh are two
provinces with a low rate of uptake of hygienic habits, such as daily bathing or hand washing after defecation,
with only 27% of the surveyed population habitually doing the latter. This exacerbates the risks of communicable
diseases (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).
- Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) challenges and protection issues: Nearly two out of three women and
girls face challenges regarding the availability of adequate menstrual hygiene facilities, including lack of sufficient
water, MHM material and privacy. This protection issue stands evenly overwhelming among the displaced
population (Islamic Relief 27/09/2022).

About this report

The analysis provided is a synthesis of information collected and tagged using the DEEP platform from publicly
available sources and supplemented by assessment data provided by humanitarian partners working in Pakistan. This
report covers information from Wednesday 28 September to Wednesday 5 October. This last report has been
prepared on behalf of the DEEP Project and funded by USAID BHA. The analysis provided is conducted independently
by Data Friendly Space (DFS).

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