com BE abe tee stone [About National Engineering Industries. (NACBesrings) wre 1 symbol of dapendabitty and flee engineering soltors, NBC Besmngs ' the brand of National Engineering industries. Founded in 1846, Nationa Engineering Industries tt (NE sins leading bearings manufacturer and ferporte, renowned for exellence in qualty and delivery. In 2023, NAC bbeanngs completed 75 years ots incorporation Headquartered in Jaipur, Having started wth 30,000 bearings in 19 sizes in 1545, NOC has evolved ta manufactre over 200 milion basnngs each year offering in 2300+ varants to serv a host of customers in Ina and over 30 thar counts sores five continent in autoreve alvays and induct segments, NEC also serves the Indan aftermarket tough 2 countrywide networkaf $0 authored stockists andthousands of retails ‘Award & Recognitions: od ~. ROLLING es ene ect sl ad and aces ty BEARINGS comcvsms and mang proves. Mont pemnetbe te coveted Deming Grand Prae whch isthe highest honcurin quality awarded “Ns 3 08.06 138205 Lubrication to 2 company for exelence in Total Qty Management (TOM). NBC bearings isthe only beating manufacturer to win bath - The Deming 8 AN 2 Cr ‘Appcation Award and The Deming Grand Prae Award. ‘he awards given by the Japanese Union of Scientists and Engineers (USE) to camnpanes for demonstrating pacing TOM the area of production, customer serve, safety, human resource, corporate socal responsibilty, lenwonment, st2 NBC stands committed to an ene Journey of 0060000 COERN STN ‘The main function of lubricant isto provide a lubricating film betwen the rolling elements and the raceway ofthe bearing in frder to prevent wear and allow smooth rotation ofthe contact surfaces toprolong the ervicelifeof the bearings. ne characteristics of lubricants aeasfollows: a Reduction of Friction and Wear Preventing det metal to metal contact between the bearing flements and rings by providing a thi fm. This film reduces the frctionandwear in he contact areas (2) Extension ofFatigueife Lubricants improve the rolling fatigue life of bearings greatly by providing thin lm between theralingcontactsurtaces, (3) Dissipation frictional Heat Lubricant acts 35 a coolant to carry away frictional heat from contactsuraces prevent the bearing fomoverheatin, (apothers Lubricants also helps to prevent foreign material from entering thebearingsand protect against rusting he ist step nthe lubrication selection isto consider whether to Use Oil lubrication or Grease lubrication for the particular ‘application and shouldbe decided in the design process‘Tne guideline is allowing the selection ofthe proper lubricant for ‘tho wide range of bearing types and operating conditions. The frst consideration is method of lubrication is best for the particular application. Bearing lubrication method is broadly lassfied inc three categories: Oillubricaion, Grease lubrication and solid lubrication. Satisfactory bearing performance can be achieved by adopting the most suitable forthe application and operating cnuition, First twa methods are being used inmost of the apelications. A comparison of grease and oil lubrication is ‘yeninTable7.18 7.2 ‘Table7 1 Comparison of grease andol lubrication characteristics method ‘resse breton | _Ollubreation noon ° & (ang ee x 5 nena ° a inspec rotten x 2 Bvey sod © Goal Afar Pose Table 7.2 Comparson of grease lubncation and el lubrication NR ELT NN AN ‘Thanks to its ability to dispense th lubricating film over time, arease lubricants offer an additional advantage when being used in maintenance-feee applications. Mast of NBC bearings are {grease lubricated, with diferent greases ‘The following section will give broad guldeline in selecting the appropriate lubricating ease. Before that let us discuss the characteristics of greases, 7.3. Characteristics of greases Grease isa semifuid to solid and in which qui lubricant is dispersing ina thickening agent called soap. Additives may also add to bring certain specic properties. The concept o lf life in most of the applications has made grease as an integral Component ofthe bearing, The serice life ofthe bearing and its behaviourin diverse environments are largely determined by the properties ofthe grease 7.3.1 Speedfactorn.dm ‘The dm.N factors the fst step for choosing a bearing lubricant that wll perform well under a givenset of coneltions. The factors obtained by multpiying the bearing speed in roms by the average fof the outer diameter ang bore diameter of the bearing in milimeties, ON factor of a bearing is critical to preventing lubricant starvation, which is characterized by decreasing lubricant fim thickness. In ease of outer ring rotation consider only outer diameter tocaleuate ON factor. 73:.2 ase OilViscosity ‘The base oll f the grease provides the separation between two surfaces of mating parts. Therefore, selecting the correct viscosity is very important. Knowing the speed factor value and operating ‘temperature, the minimum viscosity requirement canbe selected,‘Grease made with low vscosty base cls is more suitable for high “speeds and low to medium load application, while greases made vith high viscosity base als are more suited for low speed and heavyleads. However, the thickener also influences the lubricating properties of grease; therefore the selection criteria for grease s netthesame aforlubriating ol 7.3.1.3 Operating temperaturerange Dueto friction between the oling slementsand ing raceways, the operating temperature ofa bearings ikelytoinerease; however, in Some application, external processrelated. temperature can influence the bearing such ttt fnal operating temperature may bbe much higher Therefore, make sure that the operating temperature range of the grease must be within the range of ‘operating temperatures as per grease manufacturers. Grease ‘temperature ranges are defined by both the dropping point ofthe grease thickener and composition of the base al ithe operating ‘temperaturerange s wide, synthetic greases offer advantages. ‘The high temperature limit for lubricating erences a function of| ‘the oxidation stability. Staring torque In 9 grease-iubricated bearingat low temperatures canalsobe critica. tisecommended that greases are not used below 20°C than the lower operating ‘temperature ofthe grease as stated by the grease manufecturer 7.3.14 Base ollType Once the visesity has been determined, it's time to consider ‘deitves ad base oil types. Mest greases are produced using API Group I! and Il mineral ol base stocks for most applications, synthetic ols such as Polyalphaalefn (PAO), ciester or slicone oil ‘are mainiyusedasthebase olor grease Demanding applications like highor low operatingtemperatures, 2 wide ambient temperature range, of any application where ‘extended relubrication interval ae desired, then synthetic base clean be used ON 731.5 Additives Adkitives are primaiy include enhancing the existing desirable properties, suppressing te existing undesirable properties, and Imparting new properties. The most common adaltives are oxidation and rust inhibitrs, extreme pressure, antiwear, and fricton-recucing agent. It is recommended that extreme pressure addltives be used in heavy load applications For long use without replenishment, on antioxidant shouldbe added, 7.3.6 ThickenerType Tickeners area fibrous matrix that contains the base oil Under load, elllsreleased ito the contact surfaces to providelubrication {When the load ireleased, the ois drawn back nt te thickener ‘matrix, The thickener inagreaseisthe component that setsgrease apart rom fu lubricants. Thickeneeconsstof two types, metalic f0aps and non-so9ps. Metalic soap thickeners inclu lithium, Sodium, calcium, ete. Non-soap base thickeners are divided into too groups: inorganic (sles el, bentonite, ete) and organic (polyurea, tluorecarbon, ete) Polysrea and other non-metallic soaps are generally superior in high temperature properties. However, this type of grease does not havea high working temperature unless the base oi also must have heat resistant. The highest possible working temperature for rence should be determined considering the Neat resistance of thebase oi. Lithium complex nd urea thickeners are commonly being used in Wines! Bearing applications. However, grease for EV wheel application required lower torque, nence, more shear stable éh Ureathickenerscould perform beter73.1.7 Grease Consistency ‘The consistency of the grease is determined by the thickener concentration, thickener type and the scosty ofthe base ol. in simple terms consistency expresses a measure of the relative hardness ofa grease. The NLGI has established guidelines scale to Indleate grease consistency as per Table 73. The consistency lzenerally chosen for bearings is grade 2 & 3. ‘Speed factor and ‘operating temperature determine the best consistency fora even application. Higher speed factors requir higher consistency greases ‘Acommon mistake when selecting a greases ta confuse between consistency and the base ol viscosity. The NLGI number relates 0 theconsistency ofthe grease. Itispossble to create NLGI#2 grease Using80 V6 10 base oor 180 VG 1000 base ol. One would never use 506 10. anapplication that demands 150 VG 1000 ‘Toble7.3 Relationship betveen consistency andappiation of grease Soa BN Table 7.3 Relationship between consistancy andappication of ease Wertine aioe Sane eae eo tow nae eel ome ee Dhan rigrotianercettaedioneanoawig | Mel tear se a Sreware Seater ites [NBC supply pre-gressed with sealed and shielded bearing thet is ppropriate for the application. Contact NBC team for assistance In choosing the grease for your apelication. The fallowing page willhelpto make aninitialchoice, Standard greases and thelr choractersties ae iste in Table 75. 2s performance characteristics of even the same type of grease will arywidely rombrandte brand. E-mobilty has brought new challengeinto the bearing design and lubrication. One ofthe challenges is grease with lite electrical conductivity could extand the Ie of the basring agaiet serious Dearing damoge. To choose lubricant for electric vehicle application contact NEI techoicalellTable 75 Grease varieties and characteris omy teresa ‘Table75 Grease varieties and characteristics coon cores penny fF~BN 7..2Relubrcation Intervals {Grease replenishment or exchange Is required Ifthe grease service lies shorter than the anticipated bearinglif.n thiscase grease deteriorates with the passage of time, fresh grease must be re-supplied at proper intervals. The replenishment time interval depends on the type of bearing, dimensions, bearings rotating speed, bearingtemperature, andtype of grease ‘The bearings are re-lubrcated by means of grease guns through lubricating nipples. tf frequent relubrcaton is required, grease pumps and volumetric metering units mustbe used Its essential tha the resh grease displace the spent grease, sothat the grease _getexchanged, but ever reasing should be prevented. Grease quantities for weekly to yearly lubrication [g]: mi=0-8-% Table:7.6 Reductionfactor ekibraation weely | OOF inonthiy 0005 esr one ‘Quantity forextremely short relubricston intervals} (05-20)v{ke/h] Relubrication quantity m3 pir to restarting after several years of sancti m3=0-8-0.01 Where \V=freespace inthe bearing = Dutercia ofthe bearing (mm) ‘B= Width ofthebearing (mm) ‘Grease replenishment intervals can also be caleuated by using following graph. This chart indicates the replenishment interval for standard rolling bearing grease when used under normal ‘operatingconditions. ‘ LIS cir Fe 71 Value ofsohstment factor depends on being ond brample Find the grease lubrication interval for ball bearing 6205 with @ radialload.4kwoperatingat4800¢/min From the bearing tables the allowable speed for bearing 6205 is 13000¢/min& numbers ofrevalutonsata radialloagof 1 akNare cr/Pr=14/ ARN = 10 fromfig.7-Ladjustedload ftis0.98 0 =0.98%13000=12740r/min therefore n/n =12740/4800=2.6 Using the chart in fg.7.2 locate the point corresponding to bore siameter d=25 mm on the vertical line for radial ball bearings. Drawra straight horizontal line to vertical ine After that dra 8straight tne from that point (Ain example to pointon te ft which corresponds to the n0 /n value [2.6 in example). Pol where this line intersects vertical line indicates the lubricftion interval whichis approximately 4500 hours. Relubrication should be done to avoid grease deteriorqtion having an adverse effect on the bearing ie. However, High performance greases can extend relubrication intervals| and frease lie, The grease used fr reubrication mus be the sarfe as that used in intial greasing. I other greases are used] the miscibility and compatibility of the greases must be checked easerecanestinth 7 Scorers sy 5 No: Fie dovabe rao see opeangeato pe 7.3.6 Grease quantityforinitia filland lubrication The amount of grease used in any gven situation will depend on many factors relating to the size and shape of the housing, space limitations, bearing’s rotating speed, grease characterises, and ambient temperature. The quantity of grease for ordinary bearings is determined as follows. Enough grease must be packed inside the bearing including the eage guide face, The avaiable space inside the housing to be packed with grease depends on the speed as follows “eke: 6 Spe far wih fle aay se speed Speedtactor Crease ft verystow 30000 080% slowtonemat | 50000%0200000 200% heh 200 00012600 000 15208 verve 2600000 1520% tmust be in mind that excessive grease will generate heat when churmed and wil consequently cause temperature rise which in turn causes the grease to soften and may allow leakage. With fexcessive grease fils oxidation and deterioration may cause lubricating efficiency to be lowered. Where speeds ae high and temperature rises need to be kept to 2 minimum, a reduced amountaf grease shouldbe used. ‘Te standard bearing space can be found by below formula vekw where, \: Quantity ofbearingspace open type (opprox.)em3 X: Bearing spacefactor (Table? 7} We Masso bearing ke‘Toble 7.7 Bearing space ratio (k) Tsang Ne Rear Prasad Feta eyini atirearngs® | ES nner ape Roar Be cnet Re ochnes Reiner Sober Role earns ra alah ale sel Note: "pemove 160Series Remove NUSeries remove NASeries In general, the permisibe working temperatre Is Hite by the egree of mechanical agitation to which the greases subjected, and we shall be pleased to recommend suable lubricants fr varying conditions on receipt of necessary particulars, before the bearings ar set to work, they should be thorough charged with grease in Such 3 manner 38 to ensure the een coverage ofall working surfaces, The housing shoul also be let packed with prease, being important thet 2 resene supply of lubricant should be maintained in actual contact with the bearing. to promote satsactry and continuous lubscaion. two bearings are mounted inthe same housing, they, for ths reason, shouldbe separated by distance pleces. I corecty poled, one charge of grease wl ast for a very long period, varying with the condition of working the bearing temperature exceecs 70°C, the replenishment time inter must be reduced by haf for every 18-°C temperature tse of the bearings ON 723.7 Mixing Different Types of Grease In genera, ming grease with ferent types of thickneners may destiny its composition and physical properties. Even if the thickeners are of the same type, possible differences in the addtive may cause detrimental effects. Different brandsof grease ‘must nat be mixed evan same physical properties a the additives may dlifer. In cases where change ofthe grease used becomes necessary all remaining old grease must be removed. Also, the remaining lubricant in housing cavities, lubrication pipes or ‘arooves must be cretuly removed. Especially inthe changer over period, special attention should be paid to the lubrication situation in the bearing arrangement. IF require, the defined relubriestion intervals should be shortened during such a conversion period, 73.8Compatibilty ‘Grease formulated with base ol the aeltives andthe thickener, For higher performance from grease Lubricants must always be ‘checked for their compatibility with other lubricants, ealand theOillubccations generally used when the beoring isadapted ine mechanism that is already lubricated [gear reducer, gearbox) or lee when tcanbanafit from acenrallbricstionsystem. + lisa better lubricant for high speeds or high temperatures. Ineanbe cooledto help reducebearingtemperature. + tt is easier to handle and control the amount of lubricant reaching thebearng ‘+ Gil can be introduced tothe bearing in many ways, such 25 ripfeed, pressurized circulating systems, oll bath or alll mist Eachissulted forcertintypesof applications. Inthis section, the properties nd characterises of lubricants for typical roller bearing applications are listed. These general characteristics have resulted from long, successful performance in theseapplcations Types of ois Lubricating oils are commercially available in many, Os are classified Animal & Vegetable ls, Mineral ll and Synthetic ell 7.44 Mineraloil Oi are refined from crude petroleum oil, with adétives to improve certain properties. Petroleum oils mostly used fer ol lubricated application of bearings. 7.42 Syntheticolls Synthetic ols cover = broad range of categories and Include palyalphaclefin PAO} Slcon ol Fuorinated al, Plyglycolsand Various ertrs.In general syntheti ollsarelessprane to cxidation and canoperate atextremetemperatures. The polyalphoolefins (PAO) have 2 long straight hydrocarbon chainchemistry provide superior performance. Therefore, PAC NN SECON is most usedin the ol-ubricated applications of bearings when Severe temperature or when extended lubricant lifes required Selection ofthe proper typeof oils depends on bearing speed, load, eperatingtemperatur and lubrication method. 7.4.3 Additives Additives are substances formulated for improvement of chemical and physical properties of base oll, which results in ‘enhancing the lubricant performance and extending the ‘equipment life, The most commonly used additives are the Friction modifiers, Antiwear additives, Extreme pressure (EP) additives, Rust and corrosion inhiitors, Anti-oxidant, Detergents, Dispersants, Pour point depressants and Viscosity index improvers. Great care must be usedin choosingan additive ‘One must check with the lubricant manufacturer to check the influence ofthe aditive on the bearing performance + Bxtreme pressure Protects metal surfaces against micr-weldingand necessary when the earing high loaded + Antiwear Reduces the wear of the metal surfaces by forming @ protectivesurface layer. + Antieoreosion Protects metal surfacesagainstcorrosiveattacks 7.4.Viscosty ‘When selecting a lubricating oil, the viscosity atthe operating concltionsis important, the wscostyis too law, 2 proper alfilm isnot formed and abnormal wear and seizure may occur. On the fother hand, if the viscosity is too high, excessive viscous resistance may cause hestingo large power loss. Ingeneral, low viscosity ols should be used at highspeed; however, the viscosity should increase with ncreasingbearingloadand se.NN In regard to operating temperature and lubrication, Table 7.8lists \SCOSITY CLASSIFICATION COMPARISON the required oll viscosity for diferent types of rolling bearings thes noon apeabne dedtions Rer aed can of cache Thos operating temperature comparison chat forthe purpose of | Sclocting. 9 lubrication oll with wscosity charecterities = deprepnatetoan application == ‘Table7 8 Bearing Typesand Proper Viscosity Lubricating Oils = son. : itm 5 REE it i 2 3) : eee mane 3 i ™ Tenpectre Paco : c= TTT ia : ster Bearings eran 8 mle a } fc i nes he than 20 mms i, z Tectonic |e ter20o0! iis i Note: mm cSt centistokes Since ol viscosity varies inversly with temperature, a viscosity valve must alvays be stated with the temperature at whieh It was Gelermined. There are several clasafications of os based on viscosity trades. The most familar are the Society of Automotive Engineers {SAE} iasieations for sutomotive engine anges ols HEBEENN rane 7.9 seen sands forubesengote eee) 1743 Methads of abetion = aa SEE ee = = "Eieietearernamenets Pare cost NEteciieal ein cterwhere pregame a ictonermesanaeata te saad norrgeewendoy tase ES “Tartjauy sete ighangwacscenmomere Tahod ar soueee eee ieneON Methods of olLubrestion a 748 Compatibility Performance ofthe lubricating ol also depends on compatibilty with contact parts. Ther behaviour must be checked invelation 12 Sa at api ere ng it Ff plastics, seal materials (elastomers) at operating temperature. pesinc pote ngoen Seca prong Though Synthetic oils enhance performance must always be tated checked forthelr compatiblity. j 7.3 Solid andDrytubrication Sold lubricants arematerialswhich insolid phase reduce friction betwaen surfaces sliding against each other, without the need for rain eee 2 liquid medium. Generel, these lubricants ae applied on the (Get enocien nage ese wn Contact surfaces by ciferent coating process are adopted to use sRurimamwtipamoneceooese | EE PE ‘Malyodenum dlp (MoS2) and tungsten dlphide (WS2) For more details please contact NEI technical cell, eS ee nemaen . 7.6Oltimpregnatedballbearing === Ci impregnated ball bearing is type of polymer lubricant compared lubrieatingllin the matrix, The speca olution works See Similar t grease bt by applying 3 special eatment process, the EOI Pace Sere eemen poljmer soldiiesrealing lege proporson of te lubricare (COREE cera within the bearing. Une grease, the OIB® ls solid polymer Setcerpee mate can prevent drt or foreign partes entering nto the SOIRETTIE cee eects wnat For moce details please contact NEI techwicel ell