Ruakton bulun ond dduatfon

each mNVOY
M.iYYOY Foxmla
V U

deuue oY
(0 covttau real mag
2 (ontoL wivtual fmage
8) conex wirtua'mge

KeFRACTION T punomaunce a oundinq a

fg uun thu Jt a chahg
n mdium a Jiht iCalLd Raraon
ALEa utractfon phunomana a chaug în
he mdium o ghthoud auno wweungth
,
Lfgn okange but uuanu and phale
uma Lchang2d.

LAw& OF ReFRACTION

T h L itdlonk a4 Jeated Yoy nd novmad

to t ulou a in a me hla
ndpauRos PhOLgh i d bot ilud
pen a widono

toYtOY a Mdium h orodur a uSint9umain

Sama. huu u ahsaluke splashuodndex
o dfum

elAsSMAte PAGE
 DATE O U
NEU LAW
usin Eon-tant

Sin i
Sn o) J
Ywwww
J Puaiuu HopLaeh nder o MAd
BUAstmdoiun 1-YT

Raxth Mdiun1
inudun
YO
wwwwu.6

Sepayahq Mdh

Dunso Mdlum 2

Supowd pot
St ah
Si-
Stn
sinJu
3ins gn
PAGE D
clASSMAte stn (Sini JU
 DATE DO
(akulalt ohguadulaslon nei dext
shit a loke dopoe at onangL
hh SeparattL two M Puynhouira JulaHud
telbehiu ndx JL

CAVSE OF ReFRACTION
dlium sped
Nn a Jtg kE ohange uhbh COuLLAy loehto
olso 9u ohang.ed
bhunoWMna

Jig
Ophico dunuity u

O mud1,Ca

JoY mo-2, C, L

C2
and
x1oand
d s 3
Shed o Uh n o ' CYown 9las 2xto
h n
od a u a u e inda o qlals
m Caludate aarfo o
ontolhingLbtoetui
indey
bu

PAGE
 Ashonomical Unil 1 196 x10
DATE D

Ca e
JJa

Ca

3x 10
o2x 1

Colkuabspd Jaht wak Sh

in airA 2x nnd uoAstu
 DATE

APPLLCATIONS OE REFRACTIDN
TGlaA Slah
when ah fmfdlent ay StilCOL
up a Dlaneal0As Sab
nend uad h nor ma and Aomhe
Setond Swyac the uluactdSy agan
aca enarion a n d t h na emeen Jray
V t t t k huom paalll fo uidont Jouy

oltane btw fhu eupposed ath a instdud

eMeot yuy UCalleol atooal
Hy and h
Dsplamant.

PAGE
alasSMAte
 DATE OIT

TRnudet Yau Sh t iSuace ABt aan

Angl
THu 0 Td'ng Sheu l Jau

Sini,sina-
Lh C and ebge a

0PR MPO
Cimilardy
she u, dins
10 M and
sine =Sin en akinq ai'n
Runce emergon yay pouallw bath s'dy
inctdou Yay

T6) Sn A POs.
cin(LaPs):5 0
4n Pe M
PM
ra
Ls Ps
2 Psi
Suh and in

dlhsenste S TOS Sin (2-)sin)

COSUT
p
 DATE OO

PRINCIPLE OF ReveRsIeILITY

a plae miNOY elocod mor mau o n t

oard uthen
aAed rocacul jk
pah

SepotaYa Madia

miTYO

st
sin s sin 2nd
 DATE DOI

ReFRACTio N THRO OH MULTLPLE Suns GLABS D

emingytHo4

H Sn, 4 s i n

A So lung
 DATE O I
Real Nepth and
Apparent Depth

u See M Obd om ap HoL0 Vmedun

wch i platos nict dilen heoliwmn
uiu abbe clo Sen oto h e g u a a n d ob,apareng
p rerg

dabhj s than -tw Sudaph

sepavothg modif -

op parcantupth

ual depth

uduo

Raal Depth
APParet duplh

Appatont dip+h
Shit Ral deph

t J

PAGE
 DATE OO

VREAL HEIGHTV AP PARE NT Heto

appates

sual huiahd
geparatna mol

parent huiq ht

huaht

nëolta ot an arg
Calc

OuY

Acc.o SeLls las

hs
U in4s inA
S O 707 &in

in0605

Not De
elASSMAte HSin8si.
 DATE

MTIR

whn C
ewers Jom dumen+ Srute
Mudiuumitttt uiu bund CLway JomHe
wOYTNa
HOYYma Cu- augiu.o yyacHon a r han
angkanaa utenco Kaab Kab on a
jnTdond A ite ng Mc'danC
iwds dae mdium
beromus go is ieiolonC a nq g callld
CuH ang
Fov angs Jnddehceguat han oitt c anglu

HLlMg a Hulprachior and it g ÎnternaUly

ltd do t duwe wolltuM
phuno mana 3 Calkad TR. Tbha Be rma RylLsn

12
R a

U)

elASSMAte PAGE
 DATE

CONDI TONS FOR TIR

b Quaty
a)Tkeanyle o ntidune gho ud
han oi ang Je)

MediumN
.
CRITICAGAnlGE
SxPReS ION FOR

A p J

pN2

iSin

i01 ai.gla d iuM

Caleulabt
Sn

OuY atgs

(1:3?

Sin / (0-1c)Ee
elassmate PAGE
 DATE

Applications TIR

a MiTage n Cuww.w day&th ah swaL

waw dhe
eath beom ht and ahoue stu a
Cold Since opuchiu induo depund iwuors
On th dtmp eakwuso ruay Sudao air

4 obsvue a digtat afehd- hfgn eed tu

uphu ajidun So t
totînt ha l
uu
l d eu
l ittd caoth amd d not
ud a ce ol casth
ShMce e gurla du to wlich an nuesHhd
mage Hat abfectormed uken ouater
dillmaopH Usfon that theu mayb o

w.oterSUyac ot pains

iufonca
UFon Dfamond Gitounq am omd
JE "habbars due to mlth li T/R
happanq iwsidy domond R Id a m ont
oTto c u 2t2ukich j max, Co tho
Luttca C g oY diaYmond
2u ufeh MJooAE)
damod hd cutcut So Shrp thak g h
entetnq aces bjoxe emlngnq
q0GL
which CauLesSpeureing diamo nd
PAGE
clASSMAte
 DATE OI

inidin

HOOMno fgh enbe

insidohekiamoid Coduamond uuiu
not q tter.
Sn1
1 Sin 2-42

i 24-u
To +aU RAuctng Glass p m .
C

PTsms
socalas baue Artanges
Glas uocaleg oose
Houteus al
a l pîms 0
ttaa Gd heuuL
SuyQs The ano
Callod angle wiam TRG PO hauou

T ha u 1s
ina -
 DATE I
ApPliCad-to O lettmg qou pusm

To duicue OYCu

unudut Supposed pat

1au

19

atuo pah

T o duioe a u b dC0

14S

Suppo
Pactn

PAGE
clASSMAtee
 DATE OID
( Tb nuosct an object.

Ld) OPTICAL FIBR&

AR

Caryod

COs

JU
 DATE

Opttal Fibyes
very twn Stronds ox pipe
whode Tadfuk is Yn the Oroluea micra
Mubu aL made up atwo Yrs o

)Centrol Core wwch s Mauung ulaukiul

Jager valul al xaltadtu ind

2 Outtv Coung Cladding-made up a u

duwse tebtem marerio
houi ng achu index J
uhun a Yay o gh ntens om one nd o
Optia 2v totally erna
uluked nid tu 0pt {ba MGLTIPLEt
TMES as t ang a intiddncu som
Cove+d oladding uatey than Eritcal
angle

sin
Opteal ibe wwu tavLmit Hu ligkd tto
ghed
tuuisted
no wens
happeng

bbovdf 0 PAGE
elaAsSMAte
 DATE DOI
Uses OF OPT ICA FIBRE
n4n mudttal and opti ex Ouminakfon o
Jnareosablu pos o kuman bod ovq
endo Ceop
They ed o cauy delbphonL atanals
Cowdinq elechita atnas optHtaoptêal
sqnal. y as lo eLLieien-t hat 200 0
gtwut anesu Cownuoton Con O ent
raa miHed thaut 640,

VLPism
MiL
Homo gM e0us a n a p a a n
06unelo b two edua ploue SuuyA4
Înclined 4eQch olhe o ed angl
o Too uetwo
uwich i's (alldAng
Suyaus e Callod uudkONgaul t
em
Ocale A a itk
Genexauly a biewm Mas
prfnipal dection Prinaipal gecton o a

pri Cm u t y plaueat i h t auu

6
he ating edge.
Ryqu-iq 6dge dulmod as nter Cection
e o aR au
a
V Pvism edvadton ConAd a triamgulay
pusm ARc wuth AB AC ae
wo Jurattinq guyacoy and A g ang
pi KL s ncidont on
onh
duyatw A a C Ahgl ond emqes
he Ac t a n Jang n d 0
duu akon
elASSMA produadb he puism js
9 d bulve Shewn
duuiakon fs m,L btw daNt Yy
Cud