German - Vocab Power Pack

StoryLearning
GERMAN
VO C A B P O W E R PAC K
Welcome!
Thanks for downloading the vocab power pack
and welcome to the StoryLearning community!
In this power pack, you’ll find a collection of useful words and phrases that you can use to
expand your vocabulary and express yourself more confidently in German.
The vocabulary in this pack covers all levels of German:
• Beginner
• Intermediate
• Advanced
and a range of different topics and situations. You can refer to the table of contents to jump
to the sections that are most interesting and relevant to you.
How To Use This Pack
Use this PDF like a “phrasebook” to reference as you progress on your German journey.
A word of warning… DON’T try to memorise all the vocabulary in this pack.
This is very important!
I don’t recommend trying to memorise all of the vocabulary here - you’ll only drive yourself
mad and it won’t help you very much with your German.
I suggest printing it off or saving it on your phone so you can quickly refer to it when studying
German or before your next German conversation.
By using and applying the vocabulary this way, you’ll learn more quickly and in a less stressful
way than if you try to memorise everything.
You’ll also start to recognise these phrases when they come up in conversations or in things
you hear or read.
And that’s important...
Because my favourite way to expand my vocabulary in the languages I learn is by reading and
listening to stories.
I’ve included my top tips for learning vocabulary through stories at the end of this PDF. It’s a
great way to build on the vocabulary you discover in this pack.
I think you’ll find this approach is a fun and refreshing alternative to the usual “learn by heart”
method of acquiring vocabulary. So make sure you check it out!
Without further ado, let’s begin!
Viel Glück!
Olly
Table of
Contents
Section 1: BEGINNERS - Essential German Vocabulary 01
Common German Phrases 01

Numbers in German 09
Essential German Modal Verbs 14
Common German Irregular Verbs 24
Section 2: INTERMEDIATE - Expanding Your Vocabulary 32
Fluency-boosting intermediate phrases 32

German Conversational Connectors 38
German slang 49
Section 3: ADVANCED 55
Swiss German words and phrases 55

Austrian German words and phrases 61
German idioms 67
Section 1: Essential German Vocabulary for Beginners
When you’re travelling around Germany, life will be so much easier if you can speak and read
some common German words and phrases. For example, being able to ask for a cup of coffee
or the directions to your bed and breakfast will make your trip easier and far more enjoyable.
So, this first section of our German Power Pack concentrates on the essentials, giving you the
phrases you’ll need to communicate at the beginner level..
Using these words and phrases, you’ll be able to interact with people you meet on your travels
and find your way around with confidence.
Everyday German Words and Phrases
I know you want to start talking straight away so to make it easier for you I’ve divided these
phrases into different categories based on the different situations they’re used in.
Greetings and Introductions
These easy phrases will help you introduce yourself and connect with the people you
meet.
#1 Hallo – Hello [any time of day]
#2 Hallo, wie geht’s? – Hello, how are you?
#3 Guten Morgen – Good morning
#4 Guten Tag [lit. good day] – Good afternoon
G E R M A N VO C A B P O W E R PAC K 1
#5 Guten Abend – Good evening
#6 Gute Nacht – Good night
#7 Vielen Dank – Thank you very much
#8Ich danke Ihnen auch – Thank you, too [in reply to “thank you” from someone else
else]
#9 Tschüss, bis zum nächsten Mal – Goodbye, see you next time
#10 Schönes Wetter heute, nicht wahr? – It’s lovely weather today, is not it?
#11 Mein Name ist _ – My name is _____
#12 Ich bin Amerikaner, Kanadier, Engländer (male) – I’m American / Canadian /
English
#13 Ich bin Amerikanerin, Kanadierin, Engländerin (female) – I’m American /

Canadian / English
#14 Woher kommen Sie? – Where are you from?
#15 Freut mich – Nice to meet you!
“I Don’t Understand!”
Although it can seem intimidating to speak German if you’re new to the language,
people will be understanding if you’re struggling. You can use these expressions to
help the conversation run smoothly if you don’t understand or need a little help.
#16 Sorry, aber ich verstehe nicht – I’m sorry, but I do not understand
#17 Ich spreche nicht gut Deutsch – I do not speak German very well
#18 Können Sie das bitte wiederholen? – Could you say that again please?
#20 Schreiben Sie das bitte für mich auf – Please write that down for me
#21 Was bedeutet das? – What does that mean?
#22 Sprechen Sie Englisch? – Do you speak English?
#23 Es tut mir leid – I’m sorry
#24 Ich weiß nicht – I do not know
#25 In Ordnung – All right
#26 Macht nichts – never mind
Visiting a German Restaurant
It’s always fun to try out new restaurants and the delicious local dishes. These
phrases cover all the questions and statements you need to make when dining out.
#27 Ein Tisch für eine Person bitte – A table for one, please
#28 Ein Tisch für zwei Personen, bitte – A table for two, please
#29 Haben Sie schon auf? – Are you open yet?
#30 Können wir (auf einen Tisch) warten? – Can we wait (for a table)?
#31 Können wir dort sitzen? – Can we sit over there?
#32 Entschuldigung! – Excuse me! [Calling a waiter]
#33 Was empfehlen Sie? – What do you recommend?
#34 Was ist das beliebteste Gericht? – What’s your most popular dish?
#35 Was ist das? – What is this?
#36 Was für Bier haben Sie? – What type of beer do you have?
#37 Ein kleines Bier bitte – A small beer, please
#38 Ein großes Bier bitte – A large beer, please
#39 Bringen Sie mir bitte eine Auswahl von leckeren Sachen – Please bring me a
selection of nice things
#40 Bitte wählen Sie etwas – It’s up to you / You can decide
#41 Die Rechnung, bitte – The bill, please
#42 Kann ich bitte die Speisekarte haben? – Can I have the menu, please?
Transport - Getting Around in Germany
In this section, you’ll find some key transport phrases that will help you quickly and
easily navigate your way around any German-speaking city or country.
#43 Ich möchte nach _____ – I want to go to
#44 Wann fährt der nächste Zug / Bus nach _____? – What time is the next train/bus
to __?
#45 Was kostet das? – How much is it?
#46 Einmal/ zweimal (nach _____), bitte – 1 ticket / 2 tickets (to _____), please
#47 Wie lange dauert das? – How long does it take?
#48 Wohin muss ich jetzt gehen? – Where should I go now?
#49 Wann fährt er ab? – When does it leave?
#50 Wie spät ist es (jetzt)? – What time is it (now)?
#51 Hält der Zug/ Bus in _? – Does this train/bus stop in _____?
#52 Entschuldigen Sie, ist dies _____?– Excuse me, is this _____ ? [Useful when you’re
on the bus / train and are not sure when to get off]
#53 Können Sie das bitte für mich aufschreiben? – Can you write that down for me?
#54 Zeigen Sie mir das bitte auf der Karte? – Can you show me on the map?
#55 Wo ist _____ auf der Karte? – Where is _____ on the map?
Asking For Directions
Maybe you’ve opted to walk around town. Perhaps you’d rather cycle or drive from
place to place? These useful phrases will help if you get a little lost.
#56 Entschuldigung, darf ich Sie etwas fragen? – Excuse me, could I ask you
something?
#57 Ich möchte nach _____ – I want to go to _ [If you know the name of your
destination]
#58 Ich möchte dahin – I want to go here [Pointing to your destination on the map]
#59 Ich habe mich verlaufen – I’m lost (on foot)
#60 Ich habe mich verfahren – I’m lost (by car)
#61 Wie komme ich dahin? – How can I get there?
#62 Geht es hier lang? – Is it this way? [Useful for checking if you’re walking in the
right direction]
#63 Zeigen Sie mir das bitte auf der Karte? – Can you show me on the map?
#64 Wo ist __?– Where is _ ?
Shopping in German
Whether you’re at the supermarket, the shopping centre or the local farmer’s market
you’re going to buy things at some point or another!
You might even haggle a bit – just like you would in English. Grab a bargain in
German with these sentences.
#65 Das gefällt mir – I like this
#66 Was kostet das? – How much is this?
#67 Bitte wiederholen Sie das – Can you say that again please?
#68 Schreiben Sie das bitte für mich auf? – Can you write that down for me?
#69 Und wenn ich das alles kaufe? – If I buy these together? [A useful way to knock
the price down]
#70 Das ist mir zu teuer – it’s too expensive for me
#71 Geben Sie mir einen Rabatt? – Can you give me a discount?
#72 Ich suche nach _____ – I’m looking for a _____
#73 Ich schaue mich nur um – I’m just looking around
#74 Danke, ich suche noch weiter – Thank you, I’ll keep looking [if you’re getting
hassled to buy something]
#75 Moment, bitte – Just a moment
#76 Ja, bitte – Yes, please
#77 Nein, danke – No, thanks
Medical Emergencies
It’s useful to know some basic medical vocabulary, just in case!
#78 Können Sie mir bitte helfen? – Can you help me, please?
#79 Ich brauche einen Arzt – I need to see a doctor
#80 Es geht mir nicht gut – I do not feel well
#81 Es geht ihm/ihr nicht gut – he / she does not feel well
#82 Gibt es ein Krankenhaus in der Nähe? – Is there a hospital near here?
#83 Fahren Sie mich bitte zum Krankenhaus – Take me to the hospital [To a taxi
driver]
#84 Es tut hier weh – It hurts here [pointing to body part]
#85 Ich brauche Medizin – I need some medicine
Looking for Hidden Gems in German-speaking Countries
These final examples of basic vocabulary will allow you to sound more polite and
natural. You can use them to ask the locals about finding those hidden gems that
make travel more authentic and enjoyable.
#86 Es tut mir leid, Sie zu stören, aber… – I’m sorry to bother you, but …
#87 Kann ich Sie schnell etwas fragen? – Could I ask you something quickly?
#88 Ich suche ein Restaurant mit gutem Essen hier in der Nähe – I’m looking for a
place with good food around here
#89 Ich suche ein nettes Café in der Nähe – I’m looking for a nice cafe in the area
#90 Wissen Sie was über _____?– Do you know anything about _____ ?
#91 Gibt es hier in der Nähe etwas Interessantes zu sehen – Is there anything
interesting to see in this area?
#92 Trotzdem danke – Thank you anyway [if the person cannot help you]
German Numbers
Zero - Twelve
Numbers zero to twelve are unique in German but fortunately, many of them sound
similar to their counterparts in English.
Remember that ‘z’ is pronounced like the English ‘ts,’ and ‘s’ at the beginning of a
word is pronounced ‘z.’
• null – zero
• eins – one
• zwei – two
• drei – three
• vier – four
• fünf – five
• sechs – six
• sieben – seven
• acht – eight
• neun – nine
• zehn – ten
• elf – eleven
• zwölf – twelve
Thirteen to Twenty
The pattern for these numbers is based on the words for the first twelve.
• dreizehn – thirteen
• vierzehn – fourteen
• fünfzehn – fifteen
• sechzehn – sixteen
• siebzehn – seventeen
• achtzehn – eighteen
• neunzehn – nineteen
• zwanzig – twenty
Moving On Up To One Thousand
In English, we add a ‘ty’ ending to form twenty, thirty, forty, etc. German has a similar
approach, but with a zig ending. The only exceptions are zwanzig (twenty), dreißig
(thirty), and siebzig (seventy). These numbers change their stems before adding a –
zig ending.
Note that when you’re combining tens and single digits the single unit is said first,
then the ten.
• einundzwanzig – twenty-one (one and twenty)

• zweiundzwanzig – twenty-two (two and twenty)
• dreiundzwanzig – twenty-three (three and twenty)
• vierundzwanzig – twenty-four
• fünfundzwanzig – twenty-five
• sechsundzwanzig – twenty-six
• siebenundzwanzig – twenty-seven
• achtundzwanzig – twenty-eight
• neunundzwanzig – twenty-nine
• dreißig – thirty
• einunddreißig – thirty-one
• zweiunddreißig – thirty-two
• vierzig – forty
• fünfzig – fifty
• sechzig – sixty
• siebzig – seventy
• achtzig – eighty
• neunzig – ninety
• hundert – one hundred
• zweihundertfünfzig – two hundred and fifty
• fünfhundert – five hundred
• siebenhundert drei und achtzig – seven hundred and eighty three
• tausend – one thousand
Large Numbers In German
• Zehntausend - ten thousand

• Hunderttausend - one hundred thousand
• Million - million
• Milliarde - billion
• Billion - trillion
• Billiarde - quadrillion
• Trillion - quintillion
• Trilliarde - sextillion
Ordinal Numbers
These numbers tell us the order things come in.
• Erste - first
• Zweite - second
• Dritte - third
• Vierte - fourth
• Fünfte - fifth
• Sechste - sixth
• Siebte - seventh
• Achte - eighth
• Neunte - ninth
• Zehntel - tenth
• Elfte - eleventh
• Zwölftel - twelfth
• Dreizehnte - thirteenth
• Vierzehnte - fourteenth
• Fünfzehnten - fifteenth
• Sechzehnten - sixteenth
• Siebzehnten - seventeenth
• Achtzehnten - eighteenth
• Neunzehnten - nineteenth
• Zwanzigsten - twentieth
Cases Affect German Numbers
The ordinal numbers are considered adjectives in German grammar and require
adjective endings. Which ending to use depends on whether you’re using a definite
“the” or indefinite “a” article. You also have to consider the gender of the verb
(masculine, feminine or neuter.)
Here are some tables to help you negotiate numbers and cases in German.
GERMAN NUMBERS AND CASES
Definite Article Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative der zweite Mann die zweite Frau das zweite Kind
Accusative den zweiten Mann die zweite Frau das zweite Kind
Dative dem zweiten Mann der zweiten Frau dem zweiten Kind
Genitive des zweiten Mannes der zweiten Frau des zweiten Kindes
Numbers following indefinite articles take the following endings.
Indefinite Article Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ein zweite Mann eine zweite Frau ein zweite Kind
Accusative einen zweiten Mann eine zweite Frau ein zweite Kind
Dative einem zweiten Mann einer zweiten Frau einem zweiten Kind
Genitive eines zweiten Mannes einer zweiten Frau eines zweiten Kindes
Numbers without articles are declined in the following way.
No Article Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative zweiter Mann zweite Frau zweites Kind
Accusative zweiten Mann zweite Frau zweites Kind
Dative zweitem Mann zweiter Frau zweitem Kind
Genitive zweiten Mannes zweiter Frau zweiten Kindes
Possessive pronouns are formed in the same way as indefinite articles. You can
replace ein with dein, (your) mein, (my), ihr (her), sein, (his), or other pronouns, plus the
corresponding adjective ending.
The plural form is created by adding an ‘n’ ending.
Fractions in German
All fractions add an ‘l’ ending to the ordinal stem, except for die Hälfte, or half.
• Die Hälfte - half

• Das Drittel - a third
• Das Viertel - a quarter
• Das Fünftel - a fifth
• Das Sechstel - a sixth
• Das Siebtel - a seventh
• Das Achtel - an eighth
• Das Neuntel - a ninth
• Das Zehntel - a tenth
Six Essential German Modal Verbs
You’d be surprised how often we use modal verbs in everyday language. Modal verbs are
those such as want, may, like, must, can, and should that allow you to express an obligation or
possibility.
When you’re ordering food, talking about your preferences, saying what you can or can’t do or
asking permission for something you need a modal verb.
Most of the time, you’ll find modal verbs combined with other verbs in a sentence because
they give more information about the main verb.
#1 Können - Can
PRESENT TENSE
In the present tense the modal verb is conjugated but the main verb is in the
infinitive form.
• Example: Ich kann Deutsch sprechen. (I can speak German.)

• Example: Du kannst gut kochen. (You can cook well.)
• Example: Wir können morgen ins Kino gehen. (We can go to the movies
tomorrow.)
Conjugation chart: können
Pronoun Present Simple Past
ich kann konnte
du kannst konntest
er/sie/es kann konnte
ihr könnt konntet
wir können konnten
Sie/sie können konnten
You may have noticed that the first vowel changes from “ö” to “a” in the present
tense.
PAST PARTICIPLE
To create the past participle use a form of haben and the infinitive form of können.
The main verb will also be in the infinitive form to make a double infinitive.
Place both verbs at the end of the sentence together. The modal verb comes last.
• Example: Ich habe Deutsch sprechen können. (I was able to speak German.)
• Example: Du hast gut kochen können. (You were able to cook well.)
• Example: Wir haben gestern ins Kino gehen können. (We were able to go to the
movies.)
When the sentence has no main verb, use a form of haben with gekonnt to create the
past participle.
• Example: Ich habe Deutsch gekonnt. (I was able to “speak” German.)

• Example: Das hast du gut gekonnt. (You were able to do that well.)
• Example: Wir haben gestern ins Kino gekonnt. (We could have “gone” to the
movies.)
It’s common in spoken German to leave out the main verb and imply its meaning.
#2 Müssen - Must
PRESENT TENSE
Again, notice how the first vowel changes, this time from an “ü” to a “u.” Remember
this change is only for the pronouns I, you, he, she, and it.
• Example: Ich muss arbeiten. (I have to work.)

• Example: Du musst warten. (You must wait.)
• Example: Wir müssen morgen früh aufstehen. (We must get up early tomorrow.)
Conjugation chart: müssen
ich muss musste
du musst musstest
er/sie/es müssen musste
ihr müsst musstet
wir müssen mussten
Sie/sie müssen mussten
SIMPLE PAST TENSE

• Example: Ich musste arbeiten. (I had to work.)
• Example: Du musstest warten. (You had to wait.)
• Example: Wir mussten früh aufstehen. (We had to get up early.)
PAST PARTICIPLE
Remember that the simple past is most often used in written German. The past
participle is more common in spoken German. The same rule for können applies here.
Use a conjugated form of haben, then the main verb, and finally the infinitive müssen
at the end.
• Example: Ich habe arbeiten müssen. (I had to work.)
• Example: Du hast warten müssen. (You had to wait.)
• Example: Wir haben früh aufstehen müssen. (We had to get up early.)
In some cases, you’ll use the past participle form that includes haben and gemusst.
• Example: Ich habe gemusst. (I had to.)
• Example: Er hat gemusst. (He had to.)
• Example: Ihr habt gemusst. (You, plural, had to.)
Only use this form when there is no main verb.
#3 Mögen - Like
Use mögen to talk about who or what you like. It’s most often used on its own or
combined like other verbs.
PRESENT TENSE
the “ö” in mögen changes to an “a” in the present tense.
• Example: Ich mag dich. (I like you.)
• Example: Ihr mögt Pizza. (You, plural, like pizza.)
• Example: Wir mögen Schwimmen. (We like swimming.)
Conjugation chart: mögen
ich mag mochte
du magst mochtest
er/sie/es mag mochte
ihr mögt mochtet
wir mögen mochten
Sie/sie mögen mochten
SIMPLE PAST
In addition to dropping its umlaut in the past tense, the “g” in mögen changes to a
“ch.” The pronoun endings remain the same. Below are examples in the past tense.
• Example: Ich mochte dich. (I liked you.)
• Example: Ihr mochtet Pizza. (You, plural, liked pizza.)
• Example: Wir mochten Schwimmen. (We liked swimming.)
PAST PARTICIPLE
To form the past participle, use a form of haben with gemocht.
• Example: Ich habe dich gemocht. (I liked you.)
• Example: Ihr habt Pizza gemocht. (You, plural, liked pizza.)
• Example: Wir haben Schwimmen gemocht. (We liked swimming.)
Unlike some past participle forms, mögen doesn’t use the double infinitive form. In
this case, you should always use the construction shown above.
#4 Sollen - Should
Use sollen to express what someone should do in German.
PRESENT TENSE
Sollen is the most regular of all the modal verbs. Notice how there is no vowel change
in any of the conjugated forms.
• Example: Ich soll schlafen. (I should sleep.)

• Example: Du sollst gehen. (You should go.)
• Example: Wir sollen uns treffen. (We should meet.)
Conjugation chart: sollen
ich soll sollte
du sollst solltest
er/sie/es soll sollte
ihr sollt solltet
wir sollen sollten
Sie/sie sollen sollten
SIMPLE PAST
The simple past form suggests that something should happen but might not.
• Example: Ich sollte schlafen. (I should sleep.)

• Example: Du solltest gehen. (You should go.)
• Example: Wir sollten uns treffen. (We should meet.)
PAST PARTICIPLE
The past participle talks about what should have been. Mostly you’ll use a double
infinitive and the appropriate form of haben, but Germans rarely use the form of
haben and gesollt with sollen.
• Example: Ich habe schlafen sollen. (I should have slept.)

• Example: Du hast gehen sollen. (You should have gone.)
• Example: Wir haben uns treffen sollen. (We should have met.)
#5 Wollen - Want
Use wollen to describe what you want.
PRESENT TENSE
In the present tense, the “o” in wollen changes to “i” for the I, you, he, she, and it
forms.
• Example: Ich will Schokolade essen. (I want to eat chocolate.)

• Example: Du willst einen Salat. (You want a salad.)
• Example: Wir wollen nach Hause gehen. (We want to go home.)
Conjugation chart: wollen
ich will wollte
du willst wolltest
er/sie/es will wollte
ihr woll wolltet
wir wollen wollten
Sie/sie wollen wollten
SIMPLE PAST
In addition to dropping its umlaut in the past tense, the “g” in mögen changes to a
“ch.” The pronoun endings remain the same. Below are examples in the past tense.
• Example: Ich mochte dich. (I liked you.)
• Example: Ihr mochtet Pizza. (You, plural, liked pizza.)
• Example: Wir mochten Schwimmen. (We liked swimming.)
PAST PARTICIPLE
Form the past participle with haben and a double infinitive. Only use the combo
haben and gewollt in the absence of a main verb.
• Example: Ich habe Schokolade essen wollen. (I wanted to eat chocolate.)

• Example: Du hast einen Salat gewollt. (You wanted a salad.) No main verb is
present.
• Example: Wir haben nach Hause gehen wollen. (We wanted to go home.)
#6 Dürfen - May
Use dürfen to ask what is permitted or allowed.
PRESENT TENSE
In the present tense, the “ü” changes to an “a” for I, you, he, she, and it.
• Example: Ich darf Fernseh schauen. (I’m allowed to watch TV.)

• Example: Du darfst anfangen. (You may begin.)
• Example: Wir dürfen Pause machen. (We may take a break.)
Conjugation chart: dürfen
ich darf durfte
du darfst durftest
er/sie/es darf durfte
ihr dürft durftet
wir dürfen durften
Sie/sie dürfen durften
SIMPLE PAST
• Example: Ich durfte Fernseh schauen. (I was allowed to watch TV.)
• Example: Du durftest anfangen. (You were allowed to begin.)
• Example: Wir durften Pause machen. (We were allowed to take a break.)
PAST PARTICIPLE
Form the past participle with haben and a double infinitive. Only use the combo
haben and gewollt in the absence of a main verb.
• Example: Ich habe Schokolade essen wollen. (I wanted to eat chocolate.)

• Example: Du hast einen Salat gewollt. (You wanted a salad.) No main verb is
present.
• Example: Wir haben nach Hause gehen wollen. (We wanted to go home.)
#6 Dürfen - May
Use dürfen to ask what is permitted or allowed.
PRESENT TENSE
In the present tense, the “ü” changes to an “a” for I, you, he, she, and it.
• Example: Ich darf Fernseh schauen. (I’m allowed to watch TV.)

• Example: Du darfst anfangen. (You may begin.)
• Example: Wir dürfen Pause machen. (We may take a break.)
Conjugation chart: dürfen
ich darf durfte
du darfst durftest
er/sie/es darf durfte
ihr dürft durftet
wir dürfen durften
Sie/sie dürfen durften
SIMPLE PAST
• Example: Ich durfte Fernseh schauen. (I was allowed to watch TV.)
• Example: Du durftest anfangen. (You were allowed to begin.)
• Example: Wir durften Pause machen. (We were allowed to take a break.)
PAST PARTICIPLE
• Example: Ich habe Fernseh schauen dürfen. (I was allowed to watch TV.)
• Example: Du hast anfangen dürfen. (You were allowed to begin.)
• Example: Wir haben Pause machen dürfen. (We were allowed to take a break.)
Rules for Modal Verbs
Rule #1 – Every modal verb, except for sollen, changes its first vowel for the
pronouns I, you, he, she, and it.
Rule #2 – All of the modal verbs drop their umlauts in the past tense.
Rule #3 - The root form will always be the same for I, he, she and it.
The you form adds an -st ending.
You plural is the original root with a -t ending.
We, they, and you formal use the infinitive form of the modal verb.
German Irregular Verbs
Regular verbs follow specific rules to create the word’s past form.
The simple past forms of regular verbs are made by adding a “-t” or “-te” ending, while the
present perfect adds a form of haben or sein and “ge-” to the front of the word.
Irregular verbs follow different conjugation patterns in the past tenses to these regular verb
patterns. In German, we usually use the simple past for writing and the present perfect when
we’re speaking.
Example:
Regular Verb: Ich lerne. Ich lernte. Ich habe gelernt. (I learn. I learned. I learned.)
Irregular Verb: Ich nehme. Ich nahm. Ich habe genommen. (I take. I took. I took.)
Most German irregular verbs tend to change in one of the following ways:
• Vowel changes to “a,” “o,” or “u.”
• “a” changes to “ei” or “ie”
• “e” or “i” changes to “a”
• “ei” changes to “i”
• “ie” changes to “o”
Although most irregular verbs change their vowel stems, only a handful change their
consonants.
#1 Vowel Changes to “A” in Simple Past and “O” in the Present Perfect
German Verb Meaning Simple Past Present Perfect
beginnen to begin, start begann hat begonnen
(Simple Past) Der Film begann um 20 Uhr. The film began at 8pm.
(Present Perfect) Der Film hat um 20 Uhr begonnen.
empfehlen to recommend empfahl hat empfohlen
(Simple Past) Ich empfahl das Restaurant. I recommended the restaurant.

(Present Perfect) Ich habe das Restaurant empfohlen.
helfen to help half hat geholfen
(Simple Past) Wir halfen ihm. We helped him.

(Present Perfect) Wir haben ihm geholfen.
nehmen to take nahm hat genommen
(Simple Past) Du nahmst das Buch. You took the book.

(Present Perfect) Du hast das Buch genommen.
sterben to die starb ist gestorben
treffen to meet traf hat getroffen
werfen to throw warf hat geworfen
#2 “A” or “EI” Changes to “IE”
bleiben to stay blieb ist geblieben
(Simple Past) Er blieb zuhause. He stayed home.

(Present Perfect) Er ist zuhause geblieben.
fallen to fall fiel ist gefallen
(Simple Past) Ich fiel die Treppen runter. I fell down the stairs.
(Present perfect) Ich bin die Treppen runtergefallen.
halten to hold hielt hat gehalten
lassen to let ließ hat gelassen
scheinen to shine, to seem schien hat geschienen
(Simple Past) Es schien eine gute Idee zu sein. It seemed like a good idea.
(Present Perfect) Es ist wie eine gute Idee geschienen.
schlafen to sleep schlief hat geschlafen
(Simple Past) Das Baby schlief tief. The baby slept deeply.
(Present Perfect) Das Baby ist tief geschlafen.
#3 Vowel Changes to “A” in Simple Past and “U” in Present Perfect
finden to find fand hat gefunden
(Simple Past) Ich fand das Geschenk. I found the gift.

(Present Perfect) Ich habe das Geschenk gefunden.
gelingen to succeed gelang ist gelungen
(Simple Past) Unsere Arbeit gelang. Our work was successful.

(Present Perfect) Unsere Arbeit ist gelungen.
#4 “E” or “I” Changes to “A”
One of the most commonly occurring changes in German irregular verbs is for the “e”
or “i” to become an “a.” Sometimes, these changes are present in both the simple past
and present perfect. In other instances, the vowel stem only changes in the simple
past.
essen to eat aß hat gegessen
(Simple Past) Wir aßen Sushi. We ate sushi. I went to school.

(Present Perfect) Wir haben Sushi gegessen.
gehen to go ging ist gegangen
(Simple Past) Ich ging zur Schule.

(Present Perfect) Ich bin zur Schule gegangen.
kennen to know kannte hat gekannt
(Simple Past) Sie kannte mich kaum. She hardly knew me.
(Present Perfect) Sie hat mich kaum gekannt.
kommen to come kam ist gekommen
(Simple Past) Er kam zum Konzert. He came to the concert.

(Present Perfect) Er ist zum Konzert gekommen.
lesen to read las hat gelesen
nennen to name nannte hat genannt
sehen to see sah hat gesehen
sitzen to sit saß hat gesessen
stehen to stand stand hat gestanden
vergessen to forget vergaß hat vergessen
(Simple Past) Ich vergaß das Fleisch. I forgot the meat.

(Present Perfect) Ich habe das Fleisch vergessen.
#5 “EI” Changes to “I”
beissen to bite biss hat gebissen
(Simple Past) Die Schlange biss mich. The snake bit me.
(Present Perfect) Die Schlange hat mich gebissen.
gleiten to glide glitt ist geglitten
(Simple Past) Wir glitten den Berg hinunter. We glided down the mountain.
(Present Perfect) Wir sind den Berg hinunter geglitten.
The word “gleiten” is a particular case because the “t” is doubled.
#6 “IE” Changes to “O”
biegen to turn bot ist/hat geboten
(Simple Past) Sie bot rechts ab. She turned right.

(Present Perfect) Sie ist rechts abgebogen.
fliegen to fly flog ist geflogen
(Simple Past) Ich flog nach Hause für Weihnachten. I flew home for Christmas.
(Present Perfect) Ich bin nach Hause geflogen für Weihnachten.
geniessen to enjoy genoss hat genossen
(Simple Past) Er genoss die Party. He enjoyed the party.

(Present Perfect) Er hat die Party genossen.
schliessen to close schloss ist/hat geschlossen
(Simple Past) Der Laden schloss. The store closed.

(Present Perfect) Der Laden ist geschlossen.
The Case of “Haben” and “Sein”
The verbs “haben” (to have) and “sein” (to be) follow unique past tense structures.
#7 Haben
When forming the present perfect of “haben,” use an appropriately conjugated form
of the verb + “gehabt.” The simple past form is created using “hatte” and an ending
suitable to your pronoun.
Pronoun Present tense “haben” Simple past
Ich (I) habe hatte
Du (you) hast hattest
Er/sie/es (he,she,it) hat hatte
Ihr (you plural) habt hattet
Sie, sie (you formal, they) haben hatten
Wir (we) haben hatten
haben to have hatte form of haben +

gehabt
(Simple Past) Letzte Woche hattest du Geld. Last week you had money.
(Present Perfect) Letzte Woche hast du Geld gehabt.
(Simple Past) Gestern hatte ich Geld. I had money yesterday.
(Present Perfect) Gestern habe ich Geld gehabt.
#8 Sein
The verb “sein“ (to be) is irregular in both German and English.
Pronoun Present tense “sein” Simple past
Ich (I) bin war
Du (you) bist warst
Er/sie/es (he,she,it) ist war
Ihr (you plural) seid wart
Sie, sie (you formal, they) sind waren
Wir (we) sind waren
The word “gleiten” is a particular case because the “t” is doubled.
#6 “IE” Changes to “O”
sein to be war form of sein +

gewesen
(Simple Past) Ich war müde. I was tired.
(Present Perfect) Ich bin müde gewesen.
(Simple Past) Wir waren ungeduldig. We were impatient.
(Present Perfect) Wir sind ungeduldig gewesen.
Section 2: Expanding Your Vocabulary As An
Intermediate Learner
• Fluency-boosting intermediate phrases

• German Conversational Connectors
• German slang
Congratulations — you’ve done a terrific job speaking German so far.
You can already handle common situations in German, but now you want to respond to native
speakers quickly, and to keep a conversation going.
Fortunately, the intermediate German vocabulary and phrases in this section will give you a
boost and help you along in your quest to speak like a German native.
Fluency-building Intermediate Phrases

These phrases will help you to connect your ideas, respond naturally and ask engaging
questions.
Talking About German
#1 Ich lerne seit ….. (einem Jahr/zwei Jahren) Deutsch.

I’ve been studying German for ... (1 year/2 years).
#2 Wie lange lernst du schon Deutsch? How long have you been studying German?
#3 Für mich ist die Aussprache/Grammatik/ etc. am schwierigsten.

Pronunciation/Grammar/etc. is the most difficult part for me.
#4 Wie sagt man „...“ auf Deutsch? How do you say... in German?
#5 Ich habe vergessen, wie man das Verb „....“ konjugiert …

I have forgotten the conjugation for the verb …
#6 Ich erinnere mich nicht. Mir fällt das Wort nicht ein. I cannot remember …
#7 Ich würde gern nur auf Deutsch sprechen, bitte. I prefer to speak only in German,
please.
#8 Verstehst du, was ich sage? Do you understand what I’m saying?
#9 Ich habe Schwierigkeiten dich zu verstehen, wenn du so schnell sprichst.

It’s difficult for me to understand when you speak very fast.
#10 Ich habe den Eindruck, dass mein Deutsch jeden Tag besser wird.
I feel like I’m improving every day.
Language Exchanges
#11 Kannst du mir erklären, wie man das Wort … in einem Satz benutzt?
Can you explain to me how to use the word ... in a sentence?
#12 Kannst du das bitte wiederholen? Can you repeat that please?
#13 Kannst du bitte ein bisschen langsamer sprechen?

Can you speak a little more slowly please?
#14 Was bedeutet „...“? What does ... mean?
#15 Kannst du das bitte aufschreiben? Can you write it please?
#16 Können wir über „...“ sprechen? Can we speak about ...?
#17 Kannst du mir ein anderes Beispiel geben? Can you give me another example?
#18 Ich spreche nicht gern über dieses Thema. Können wir über was anderes
sprechen? I don’t feel comfortable talking about this topic. Can we discuss
something else?
#19 Entschuldigung, ich verstehe das nicht. Sorry, I don’t understand
#20 Habe ich das richtig gesagt? Did I say it correctly?/Does that make sense?
#21 Können wir die Frage/ dieses Gespräch noch einmal üben?
Can we practice that question/conversation again?
#22 Macht das Sinn? (language purists would say „ergibt das Sinn“, but it sounds
kind of formal and weird for a beginner) Does it make sense?
#23 Worum geht es? What is it about?
Connecting Phrases
#24 Wie auch immer. Be that as it may.
#25 Ich bezweifle, dass das passiert I doubt that would happen
#26 Also, es ist Folgendes passiert... So, what happened was …
#27 Man muss kein Experte sein, aber... You don’t need to be an expert but …
#28 Es dauert nur… It only lasts …
#29 Ich habe vergessen, (noun) zu ( verb infinitive). I forgot to …
#30 Ich bekomme Probleme, wenn.... I’m going to have problems if …
#31 Letztendlich... At the end of the day/In the end, …
#32 So schnell wie möglich. As soon as possible.
#33 Das habe ich mir gedacht. That’s what I thought.
Making Conversation
#34 Was für Musik hörst du gern? What type of music do you like?
#35 Wie findest du das? How does it sound to you?/How does it seem to you?
#36 Was hast du letztes Wochenende gemacht? What did you do last weekend?
#37 Kannst du mir helfen? Can you help me?
#38 Kannst du mir ein paar Lieder empfehlen? Can you recommend some songs to
me?
#39 Was machst du gern in deiner Freizeit? What do you like to do in your free time?
#40 Was arbeitest du? What do you do? (What do you work at?)
#41 Warst du hier/da schon mal? Have you been here/there before?
Phrases For Responding
#42 Oh, das ist toll! Oh, that’s awesome!
#43 Das ist alles, was ich zu sagen habe. / Mehr habe ich nicht zu sagen.
That is all there is to say …
#44 Sag mir, was du denkst. Tell me what you think.
#45 Ist mir egal. I don’t care
#46 Echt? / Wirklich?/ Ernsthaft? Really, is that so?
#47 Was auch immer./ Ist mir egal Whatever/It’s all the same to me.
#48 Auf keinen Fall! / Überhaupt nicht! No way!
Making Arrangements
#49 Ich habe es eilig. I’m in a hurry.
#50 Entschuldigung, ich komme zu spät. I’m sorry, I’m arriving late.
#51 Ich habe noch eine Verabredung. I have another engagement/appointment.
#52 Heute kann ich nicht, an einem anderen Tag wäre es besser.
Today I can’t, another day would be better.
#53 Wo soll ich dich absetzen? Where do you want me to drop you off?
#54 Was machst du heute? What are you going to do today?
#55 Wann musst du losgehen? What time do you have to go?
#56 Wir gehen ein paar Bier trinken. We’re going to go out for a few beers.
Daily Life
#57 Wir sehen uns! / Man sieht sich! See you!
#58 Dieses Wochenende war nicht lang genug. This weekend was not long enough.
#59 Bis bald! See you later!
#60 Sie haben sich verwählt. You called the wrong number.
#61 Es ist total heiß heute! It’s very hot today!
#62 Es hat heute wirklich Spaß gemacht. I had a fun time.
#63 Wie weit weg ist es? (more formal: wie weit entfernt ist es) How far is it?
#64 Ich hätte besser aufpassen müssen. I should have looked more carefully.
#65 Die Kosten betragen... (formal) Der zu zahlende Betrag beläuft sich auf...
(extremely formal) Es kostet... (normal) The balance to pay is …
#66 Ich muss mich entschuldigen. I have to apologize.
German Conversational Connectors
Another way to boost your fluency is to include connectors which allow your ideas to flow
together smoothly and naturally. By incorporating these German connectors into your
sentences, you’ll be able to express your thoughts with greater accuracy and sound more
fluent at the same time.
We have connectors in English too. For example, it’s possible to say “I went for a walk in the
park. It started raining. I didn’t have an umbrella,” but that would sound unbearably stilted.
You’re far more likely to say something like “Yesterday I went for a walk in the park. However
when I got there it started raining and I didn’t have an umbrella.” However and and are the
conversational connectors in these sentences.
Connecting words in German can include adverbs coordinating conjunctions, subordinating

conjunctions, and prepositions. All these enable a smooth transition between ideas in a
sentence.
Coordinating conjunctions are linking words that don’t change the word order of sentences.
The verbs in both phrases stay in the same position.
Example: Ich putze mir die Zähne und gehe ins Bett. - I’m brushing my teeth and going to
bed.
German Coordinating Conjunction Meaning
und and
oder or
aber but
denn because
sondern but rather
doch, jedoch but, however
beziehungsweise respectively
Subordinating conjunctions send the conjugated verb in the second clause to the end of the
sentence.
Example: Ich putze mir die Zähne, weil ich ins Bett gehe. - I’m brushing my teeth because I’m
going to bed.
German Coordinating Conjunction Meaning
wenn if, whenever
bevor before
nachdem after
als when
bis until
weil because
falls in case
dass that
Frequently-used Conversational Connectors
#1 Aber – But
Example: Sie möchten ins Kino gehen, aber sie haben kein Geld. – They want to go to
the movies, but don’t have any money.
#2 Denn – Because
Example: Du gehst in die Schule, denn du willst lernen. – You go to school because
you want to learn.
#3 Doch – After All, But

Example: Das hat er doch gesagt. – He did say that (after all)
#4 Natürlich – Naturally, Of Course

Example: Natürlich wünsche ich mir ein großes Haus – Of course I wish for a big
house.
#5 Obwohl – Although, Even Though

Example: Er möchte draußen spielen, obwohl es regnet. – He wants to play outside,
even though it’s raining.
#6 Sonst – Otherwise, Or
Example: Sei freundlich, sonst gehe ich. – Be friendly, otherwise I’ll leave.
#7 Weil – Because
Example: Wir gehen nach Hause, weil es spät ist. – We are going home because it’s
late.
#8 Zum Beispiel – For Example

Example: Welche Gemüse magst du, zum Beispiel? – Which vegetables do you like,
for example.
Time Connectors
Jazz up your conversations and clarify when things happened by using time
connector words.
#9 Am Anfang, Anfangs – At first, At the Beginning

Example: Am Anfang (Anfangs) war alles einfach. – At first, everything was easy.
#10 Am Ende, Endlich, Zum Schluss, Schließlich – Lastly, Finally, In the End
Example: Am Ende (Endlich, Zum Schluss, Schließlich) habe ich viel gelernt. – In the
end, I learned a lot.
#11 Auf Einmal – Suddenly, At Once

Example: Auf einmal kam unser Lehrer. – Suddenly, our teacher came.
#12 Bald – Soon, Shortly

Example: Sie geht bald ins Bett. – She’s going to bed soon.
#13 Bisher – Up Until Now, So Far

Example: Bisher waren wir immer pünktlich. – So far, we were always on time.
#14 Damals – Back Then

Example: Das waren gute Zeiten damals. – Those were good times back then.
#15 Danach – After, Afterward

Example: Ich muss arbeiten, danach können wir tanzen gehen. – I have to work,
afterward we can go dancing.
#16 Dann – Then

Example: Morgens füttern wir die Tiere, dann frühstücken wir. – Mornings we feed
the animals, then we eat breakfast.
#17 Eher – More Likely, Rather

Example: Ich glaube, das Wetter wird morgen eher schlecht. – I think the weather is
more likely to be bad tomorrow.
#18 Früher, Vorher – Back Then, Earlier, Previously
Example: Früher (Vorher) hat er als Musiker gearbeitet. – He previously worked as a
musician.
#19 Gleichzeitig, Zur Gleichen Zeit – At the Same Time, Simultaneously

Example: Ich kann gleichzeitig (zur gleichen Zeit) singen und tanzen. – I can sing and
dance simultaneously.
#20 Immer Noch – Still

Example: Liebst du mich immer noch? – Do you still love me?
#21 In der Zukunft, Zukünftig – In the Future

Example: Wir wollen zukünftig (in der Zukunft) umziehen. – We want to move in the
future.
#22 Inzwischen – Meanwhile, in the Meantime

Inzwischen implies a recent change in circumstances.
Example: Ich habe mich inzwischen anders entschieden. - I made a different decision
in the meantime.
#23 Jetzt – Now

Example: Er hat jetzt vier Tage Urlaub. – He has four days of vacation now.
#24 Mittlerweile, Unterdessen – Meanwhile, For the Time Being

Example: Mittlerweile geht’s mir besser. - For the time being, I feel better.
#25 Nachdem – After

Example: Nachdem ich Deutsch gelernt habe, wollte ich eine dritte Sprache lernen. –
After I learned German, I wanted to learn a third language.
#26 Nachher – Later, Afterward

Example: Wir können nachher putzen. – We can clean later.
#27 Neulich – Recently

Example: Ich habe neulich eine Abkürzung entdeckt. – I recently discovered a
shortcut.
#28 Noch – Still
Example: Sie hat noch genug Geld. – She still has enough money.
#29 Plötzlich – Suddenly

Example: Plötzlich haben wir ein Geräusch gehört. – Suddenly, we heard a noise.
#30 Schließlich – Eventually, After All, Ultimately

Example: Schließlich haben sie uns nicht eingeladen. – Ultimately, they didn’t invite
us.
#31 Seitdem, Seither – Since Then

Example: Wir sehen die beiden selten seitdem sie heirateten. – We see the two rarely
since they got married.
#32 Sobald – As Soon As

Example: Sobald ich Deutsch lerne, fliege ich nach Deutschland! – As soon as I learn
German, I’m flying to Germany!
#33 Vor Kurzem – Recently, Lately

Example: Ich habe deine Tochter vor kurzem gesehen. – I recently saw your daughter.
#34 Zuerst – First, At First

Example: Zuerst lesen wir das Buch, und dann machen wir die Übungen. – First, we’re
reading the book, and then we’ll do the exercises.
#35 Zuletzt – At the End, Last

Example: Zuletzt kommt der Nachtisch. – At the end comes the dessert.
#36 Zum Ersten/Zweiten Mal – For the First/Second Time
Example: Er war 19 als er zum ersten mal Berlin besucht hat. – He was 19 when he
visited Berlin for the first time.
#37 Zunächst – For Now, First of All

Example: Lass uns zunächst was anderes tun. – Let’s do something else for now.
Connectors to Express Your Opinions
Many conversations require you to state your opinion instead of just the raw facts.
These connectors can help when you have to say what’s on your mind.
#38 Auf der anderen Seite, Andererseits – On the Other Hand

Example: Es ist schade, aber andererseits (auf der anderen Seite) nicht
verwunderlich. – It’s a shame, but on the other hand not surprising.
#39 Auf der einen Seite, Einerseits – On the One Hand

Example: Einerseits (Auf der einen Seite) kann ich deine Entscheidung verstehen. –
On the one hand I can understand your decision.
#40 Auf jeden Fall, Jedenfalls – Definitely, in Any Case

Example: Wir können auf jeden Fall (jedenfalls) am Samstag treffen. – We can
definitely meet on Saturday.
#41 Aus diesem Grund – For This Reason

Example: Aus diesem Grund habe ich die deutsche Sprache studiert. – For this
reason, I studied the German language.
#42 Es scheint mir, dass – It seems to me that...

Example: Es scheint mir, dass dein Deutsch viel besser ist. – It seems to me that your
German is much better.
#43 Sozusagen – So to Speak, in a Manner of Speaking

Example: Ich habe sozusagen meine Schwiegermutter gleich mit geheiratet. – I
married my mother-in-law at the same time, so to speak.
Connecting Words to Transition Topics
Sometimes, you need to form a connection between two similar or different topics.
The linking words below can add emphasis to your sentence transitions.
#44 Also – Hence, So

Example: Ich habe meine Schlüssel vergessen, also bin ich zu spät gekommen. – I
forgot my keys, so I was late.
#45 Außerdem – In Addition, Besides

Example: Er braucht außerdem noch viel aufmerksamkeit. – In addition, he needs a
lot of attention.
#46 Beispielsweise, Zum Beispiel – For Example

Example: Ich habe zum Beispiel (beispielsweise) Mathe, Deutsch, und Chemie
Unterricht. – I have for example, math, German, and chemistry class.
#47 Das Heißt – That Means

Example: Das heißt, du kommst morgen nicht? - That means you’re not coming
tomorrow?
#48 Deshalb, Deswegen – That’s Why

Example: Deswegen ist er im Krankenhaus. - That’s why he’s in the hospital.
#49 Ganz im Gegenteil – On the Contrary

Example: Ich streite nicht mit dir, ganz im Gegenteil. - I’m not arguing with you; on
the contrary.
#50 Immerhin – After All, At Least

Example: Immerhin hat sie sich entschuldigt. - At least she apologized.
#51 Wobei – Whereby

While the connecting word dabei implies that one action results from another, the
word wobei indicates when two events coincide.
Example: Das Essen war lecker, wobei ich sagen muss, dass es sehr teuer war. - The
food was delicious, whereby it was very expensive.
#52 Zumindest – At Least
Example: Kannst du zumindest versuchen? - Can you at least try?
Connectors for Written German
When you write in German, especially for academic purposes, you’ll need more formal
connectors. The linking words below can help you sound more fluent in German
business and educational settings, where a distinct formality level is required.
#53 Daher, Darum – Therefore, Because of That

Example: Daher (Darum) mussten wir vier Stunden warten. – Therefore (Because of
that), we had to wait four hours.
#54 Daraufhin – Consequently, Subsequently, With Regard To

Example: Ihre Anfrage wird daraufhin an die entsprechenden Mitarbeiter
weitergeleitet. – Your order will subsequently be forwarded to the appropriate
employees.
#55 Darüber Hinaus – Furthermore, in Addition

Example: Darüber hinaus ist es wichtig, pünktlich zu sein. - Furthermore, it’s
important to be on time.
#56 Dennoch, Jedoch – Nevertheless, Yet, Still

Both dennoch and jedoch are a more formal way of saying trotzdem and add
sophistication to your German story-telling.
Example: Wir haben uns dennoch verliebt. - We fell in love nevertheless.
#57 Im Wesentlichen – Essentially, Fundamentally

Example: Dies ist im Wesentlichen die Ursache des Problems. - This is essentially the
cause of the problem.
#58 Indessen - Meanwhile

Example: Sie machte sich indessen auf den Rückweg. - Meanwhile, she started on
the way back.
#59 Stattdessen – Instead
Anstatt is used to mean “instead of,” whereas stattdessen corresponds to “instead.”
Example: wegen des schlechten Wetters mussten wir stattdessen zu Hause bleiben.
- Because of bad weather, we had to stay home instead.
Connectors Which Add Emphasis
In some cases, you want to emphasize a particular action or emotion in your sentence
so use these words to let people know how you feel about a situation.
#60 Eben, Gerade – Just

Example: Ich habe eben (gerade) die Wäsche aufgehängt. - I just hung up the
laundry.
#61 Einmal – Once

Example: Wir haben einmal auf einem Bauernhof gelebt. - We lived on a farm once.
#62 Erst – Only

Example: Meine Mutter kommt erst am Sonntag. - My mother is only coming Sunday.
#63 Grundsätzlich – Basically

Example: Alles ist grundsätzlich gleich geblieben. - Everything has basically stayed
the same.
#64 Im Großen und Ganzen – Overall

Example: Im großen und ganzen würde ich sagen, dass wir gute Arbeit geleistet
haben. - Overall, I’d say we did a good job.
#65 Kurz Gesagt – In a Nutshell

Example: Kurz gesagt, es war eine sehr lange Reise. - In a nutshell, it was a very long
trip.
#66 Tatsächlich – Actually, Really

Example: Hast du tatsächlich im Lotto gewonnen? - Did you really win the lottery?
#67 Trotzdem – Nevertheless, Nonetheless

Example: Du verdienst trotzdem eine zweite Chance. - You deserve a second chance
nonetheless
#68 Übrigens – By the Way
Example: Ich habe übrigens eine neue Telefonnummer. - By the way, I have a new
phone number.
#69 Weiter – Further

Example: Können Sie mir weiter helfen? - Can you assist me further?
#70 Wenigstens – At least

Example: Sie muss noch wenigstens drei Stunden lernen. - She still has to learn for at
least 3 more hours.
#71 Zumeist – Mostly

Example: Er ist zumeist pessimistisch. - He is mostly pessimistic.
German Slang
Every language has its own slang words and phrases and German is no exception
German slang words and phrases are a fantastic way to build your language skills. Many of the
expressions sound silly in English, so they’re fun to learn and easy to remember.
So, for a well-rounded understanding of the German language you’ll need to know some of
the essential slang.
Colloquial German Greetings
#1 Moin
Moin, or good morning, is a hello you’re most likely to hear in Bayern.
#2 Hallöchen
Adding –chen as an ending of a word makes it sound cuter or softer in German.
#3 Mahlzeit
This greeting is a way to say hello during lunchtime, especially at the workplace, or
when you see someone eating.
#4 Na
The time-saving, na, is the ideal greeting for productive and punctual Germans.
#5 Servus
This greeting stems from the Latin, “at your service.”
Descriptive Slang (Adjectives)
#6 Assi
The closest meaning to Assi in English is “trashy.” This word is short for antisocial and
is often used as an insult to talk about someone who you perceive as unemployed,
uneducated, and without manners.
Example: Dein Verhalten ist Assi. (Your behavior is trashy.)
#7 Breit/Dicht
If you go out for a night on the town in Germany, you might end up breit, dicht, or in
other words, “wasted.”
Example: Ich war dicht gestern Abend. (I was wasted last night.)
#8 Hammer
In English, we often say something is “amazing” or “awesome.” The German equivalent
is Hammer, which is also a tool when used as a noun. The expression Hammer geil can
be used to say how outstanding something is.
Example: Der Film war der Hammer. (The movie was terrific.)
#9 Irre
Irre is a common way of saying that something or someone is crazy.
Example: Bist du irre? (Are you crazy?)
#10 Jein
Jein is a favorite German colloquialism and is a combination of Ja and Nein, meaning
an ambiguous yes and no.
Example: Hast du Zeit? Jein, macht’s ganz kurz. (Do you have time? Yes and no, make
it very short.) In English, we might also say “yes, but” or “no, but.”
#11 Krass
To express how unbelievable, surprising, or extreme something is, use krass.
Example: Es ist krass wie schnell die Zeit vergeht. (It’s unbelievable how fast time
flies.)
#12 Sau
The word sau means “pig” in German. Adding sau to the beginning of a word is like
adding “really,” or “so,” in English.
Example: Der Kuchen ist saulecker! (The cake is so delicious!)
#13 Quatsch
Quatsch is a way of saying, “nonsense.”
Example: Was erzählt er mir für einen Quatsch? (What kind of nonsense is he telling
me?)
Everyday Slang — Verbs
#14 Abhauen
Tell someone to “go away” by saying, hau ab!
Example: Ich habe gesagt du sollst abhauen. (I told you to get lost.)
#15 Bock Haben

This expression literally means “to have a steer.” However, in German, this phrase is
used to say whether or not you feel like doing something.
Example: Hast du Bock ins Kino zu gehen? (Are you in the mood for the cinema?)
Example: Ich habe keinen Bock. (I’m not in the mood.)
#16 Chillen
Many German slang words are taken from English, such as chillen.
Example: Heute Abend chillen wir zuhause. (Tonight we’re chilling at home.)
#17 Fremdschämen
Sometimes, Germans feel ashamed on behalf of others. Experiencing this feeling is
called fremdschämen. The literal translation of this word is “stranger shame.”
Example: Wie peinlich! Ich muss mich fremdschämen. (How embarrassing! I feel so
ashamed for that person.)
#18 Mampfen
Mampfen is another way to talk about eating in German.
Example: Wir schauen einen Film und mampfen Erdnüsse. (We’re watching a film and
munching on peanuts.)
#19 Spinnen
When Germans start to go crazy, they make spider webs, also known as spinnen.
Example: Ich glaube ich spinne. (I think I’m going nuts.)
Use this phrase when you can’t believe what’s going on or what someone is doing.
#20 Zocken
The word zocken means “to play” in German. Depending on the context, zocken can
also mean “to gamble” or “to play video games” more precisely.
Example: Wir haben am Wochenende gezockt. (We played video games on the
weekend.)
German Slang — Nouns
#21 Alter
Alter, or “the old one” is a common expression among teenagers. The English
equivalent is “man” or “dude.”
Example: Was geht, Alter? (What’s up, dude?)
#22 Besserwisser
This word means “better-knower” or know-it-all.
Example: Der Besserwisser zeigt uns wie es geht. (The know-it-all will show us how
to do it.)
#23 Brüderlein/Schwesterlein
Add the ending –lein to say little brother or little sister.
Example: Ich liebe meine Schwesterlein. (I love my little sister.)
#24 Kater
When Germans drink too much, they typically get a Kater, or “hangover.”
You can even get specific about the type of hangover you have. For instance, when
Germans exercise too much, they get Muskelkater or “sore muscles.” The literal
translation is “muscle hangover.”
Example: Er hat einen Whiskey Kater. (He has a whiskey hangover.)
Example: Ich sterbe an Muskelkater. (I’m dying from sore muscles.)
#25 Kohle
In English, we call money “dough,” but for Germans, it’s Kohle, or “coal.”
Example: Ich habe keine Kohle mehr. Ich bin pleite. (I don’t have any more cash. I’m
broke.)
#26 Kummerspeck
Do you know how some people cure their breakup blues with a gallon of ice cream?
Kummerspeck, or “mourning bacon,” is the weight you gain through emotional eating.
Example: Ich habe zehn Kilo Kummerspeck zugenommen. (I gained ten kilos from
emotional eating.)
Common Slang Phrases in German
These phrases sound pretty funny in English but German speakers will know exactly
what you mean.
#27 Hast du alle Tassen im Schrank?

“Do you have all your cups in the cupboard?” This phrase means something along the
lines of, “Are you nuts?” or “What were you thinking?”
#28 Das Leben ist kein Ponyhof

“Life is not a pony farm!” Germans often remind you to take life more seriously with
this phrase, which means, “Life is not a game.”
#29 Ich verstehe nur Bahnhof

“I only understand train station” is what you say when you have no idea what
someone is saying. In English, we say, “It’s all Greek to me.”
#30 Nun haben wir den Salat

“Now we have the salad,” is what most Germans say when they mean, “Now the mess
is made,” or “It’s too late now.”
#31 Mit dem falschen Bein aufstehen

“Getting up with the wrong leg” is the same as “getting up on the wrong side of the
bed” in English.
#32 Jemandem die Daumen drücken

“Pressing your thumbs for someone” is the same as “crossing your fingers for
someone,” in that we wish them luck.
#33 Es ist mir Wurst

“It’s sausage to me,” is just one of the meat-related colloquialisms Germans love to
use. This phrase means, “I don’t care.”
#34 Das Blaue vom Himmel versprechen

“Promise the blue of the sky” is a phrase that means “making a promise you can’t
keep.”
#35 Es läuft bei dir
“It’s running with you” means that you’re doing well for yourself, and are on your way
to achieving your goals.
#36 Einen Elefanten aus einer Mücke machen.

“Make an elephant out of a mosquito” is a German way of saying “make a big deal
out of something.”
Section 3: Advanced German Vocabulary
It feels amazing to finally reach an advanced level on your language journey. You have a lot of
vocabulary under your belt and German flows naturally from your lips. You’ve mastered the
grammar and wrapped your tongue around the pronunciation of most German words.
So, what’s next? How can you make your German language even better? It’s time to add some
German idioms into your vocabulary. Like slang, idioms will keep your speech from sounding
too formal or “bookish.” Instead, you’ll sound natural, just as you do when you’re talking with
your friends in English.
But first, let’s investigate some of the words and phrases used in nearby German speaking
countries to see how they differ from those used in Germany.
Swiss German Rules, Words and Phrases
Swiss German is spoken in 17 of Switzerland’s 20 cantons (a canton is similar to a province or

state) so it’s totally worth knowing some Swiss German if you’re planning to travel there.
Unlike Standard German, Swiss German uses Helvetisms. These are changes in vocabulary,
grammar, pronunciation, spelling, and figures of speech that distinguish Swiss German from
Standard German.
Some Swiss German words are very different from their Standard German equivalents, but
others are similar.
Four Rules to Remember
#1 Swiss German only uses the Perfect form when talking in the past tense and uses
a form of
Ha or Sii, in Standard German haben or sein (to have or to be).
#2 The nouns may have different genders in Swiss German because the French
gender is sometimes used instead of the German one.
#3 In Swiss German, the verbs kommen and gehen (to come and to go) always appear
twice in a sentence with other verbs, but only if there are two verbs in a sentence.
#4 Relative pronouns in Swiss are replaced with wo (where) which means you don’t
have to worry about choosing the correct form of der, die or das.
Spelling Changes in Swiss German
A few simple spelling rules can make Swiss German significantly easier to understand.
#1 Drop the “n” – In Swiss German, verbs often drop the final “n” of their Standard
German counterparts.
Example: machen (to do) becomes mache.
#2 “chen” becomes “li” – In Standard German, you can say something is small by
adding a “chen” or “lein” ending. Swiss German uses the ending “li.”
Example: Mäuschen (small mouse) becomes Müüsli.
#3 “S” before a consonant becomes “sch”

Example: Rösti (hashbrown) becomes Röschti.
#4 At the end of a word, “e” turns into “i”

Example: Küche becomes Chuchi.
“ß” becomes “ss” – Swiss German only uses the double “s.”
When writing formal letters, emails, or publications, the Swiss use Standard German.
Pronunciation Differences in Swiss German
There are some major intonation differences between Standard and Swiss German.
#1 The “ch” sound is different – “Ch” at the beginning of a Swiss word is pronounced
like a “k.”
Example: Käse (cheese) becomes Chäse.
#2 Vowels unite – Sometimes, one vowel is used instead of two.

Example: Haus (house) becomes Huus (house), and Raum becomes Ruum (room).
#3 Vowels switch places – The “ei” sound in Standard German becomes “ie” in Swiss
German.
#4 The soft “t” – In Swiss, “t” is spoken as a “d.”
#5 Place the accent on the first syllable of a word — except for words that begin
with “be,” “ent,” “er,” “mis,” or “ver.”
Vocabulary Changes
Swiss German words are often very different from the Standard German equivalents,
but others are very similar. You may notice that the French language influenced some
expressions.
Swiss German Standard German English
Grüezi Guten Tag Good day / Hello
Gueten Abig Guten Abend Good evening
Widerluege Auf Wiedersehen Goodbye
Merci Danke Thanks
Gömmer? Gehen wir? Shall we go?
Vëlo Fahrrad Bicycle
Schaffe Arbeiten Work
Poschte Einkaufen Shopping
Days of the Week
Määntig Montag Monday
Ziischtig Dienstag Tuesday
Mittwuch Mittwoch Wednesday
Dunschtig Donnerstag Thursday
Fritig Freitag Friday
Samschtig Samstag Saturday
Sunntig Sonntag Sunday
Changes in meals and food include:
Morgenässe or Z’Morge Frühstück Breakfast
Mittagässe or Z’Mittag Mittagessen Lunch
Nachtässe or Z’Nacht Abendessen Dinner
Kafi Kaffee Coffee
Wii Wein Wine
Ankche Butter Butter
Rüebli Karotte Carrot
Common Swiss Slang
#1 Abeleere! (Chug!)
#2 Fränkli (One Swiss Frank)
#3 Fröit mi (Pleased to meet you)
#4 Hamburger - A soldier who has completed the first year of training
#5 Lööli - Loser
#6 Schmiär - The cops
#7 Znüni - Second breakfast
Austrian German Vocabulary
Austrian German, or Österreichisches Deutsch, is a variation of Standard German influenced

by Southern Germany and Bavaria’s dialects. Over 98% of the population of Austria speaks
German, which is the nation’s official language.
Although it’s easier to understand Austrian German than Swiss German, there are still some
significant variations between Austrian and Standard German.
Depending on the region, you’ll encounter some different accents and local dialects and some
variations have non-Germanic influences thanks to the influence of the many immigrants who
have made Austria their home.
Austrian German Grammar
The grammar in Austrian German follows a variation of the rules of Standard German
so you won’t come across dramatic changes, but there are some differences to be
aware of.
“To Be” in Austrian German has different conjugation patterns
Austrian German Standard German English
I bin Ich bin I am (I’m)
Du bist Du bist You are (you’re) singular
Ihr sads Ihr seid You are (you’re) plural
Er / sie / es is Er / sie / es ist He / She / It is
Mia san Wir sind We are (we’re)
Dei san Sie sind They are (they’re)
In the perfect past tense Austrians often use a different auxiliary verb
for individual expressions.
Ich bin gesessen Ich habe gesessen I sat
Ich bin gelegen Ich habe gelegen I laid
Ich bin gestanden Ich habe gestanden I stood
Ich bin geschlafen Ich habe geschlafen I slept
By the way, Austrians rarely use the simple past tense.
Differences in Austrian German Pronunciation
#1 Umlauts appear more frequently, especially before the letters “r” and “l.”
Example: Austrians say “färbig” instead of “farbig” (coloured).
#2 Connect words with “s” instead of “e.”

Example: In Austrian German, you would say “Aufnahmsprüfung” instead of
“Aufnahmeprüfung” (entrance exam).
#3 An “el” ending often replaces “chen.”

Example: “Würstchen” in Standard German becomes “Würstel” (sausage) in Austrian
German.
Austrian Politeness
You might know that Germans tend to be very direct when speaking to others.
Austrians, on the other hand, formulate their sentences more politely.
Let’s look at how a German would say, “I didn’t get around to it yet,” compared to
how an Austrian would say the same.
German: Ich bin leider noch nicht dazu gekommen. (I’m afraid I didn’t get to it yet.)
Austrian: Tut mir leid. Ich bin nicht mehr dazu gekommen. Etwas wichtiges hat es
leider verhindert. (I’m sorry. I didn’t get to it yet. Something important came up.)
Austrians value giving explanations in situations like these.
Food and Dining
Erdäpfel Kartoffeln Potatoes
Paradeiser Tomaten Tomatoes
Schlagobers Schlagsahne Whipped cream
Marillen Aprikosen Apricots
Karfiol Blumenkohl Cauliflower
Karfiol Hackfleisch Ground beef / mince
Everyday Activities
Bankomat Geldautomat ATM
Stiege Treppen Stairs
Kuvert Umschlag Envelope
Jause Brotzeit Snacktime (Bread time)
Spital Krankenhaus Hospital
Buach Buch Book
Patsch Reifenpanne Flat tire
Some Time Words
Jänner Janjuar January
Heuer Dieses jahr This year
Gach Schnell Fast
10 Essential Austrian German Phrases
#1 Aufgewärmt ist nur ein Gulasch gut

When translated, this expression means, “only a goulash tastes good reheated.”
Austrians use this saying to remind friends that rekindling a relationship with an ex
might not be the best idea.
#2 Bist du deppert!
This phrase has two different meanings. The sentence says, “what an idiot!” Saying
this to a German would likely offend them. However, Austrians also use the phrase as
an expression of amazement to mean, “wow.”
#3 Das geht sich (nicht) aus

To say whether something is possible or impossible, Austrians use this saying, which
is confusing to most Germans.
#4 Das taugt mir

If you like or enjoy something or someone in Austria and Bavaria, you can express
your interest by saying, Das taugt mir.
#5 Die Oaschkortn ziagn

If you “Get the ass card,” you’re having bad luck that day.
#6 Hüft’s nix schodt’s nix

Translated, the phrase says, “Doesn’t help, doesn’t hurt.” Use this saying if your
Austrian friends are hesitant to try something new.
#6 Hüft’s nix schodt’s nix

Translated, the phrase says, “Doesn’t help, doesn’t hurt.” Use this saying if your
Austrian friends are hesitant to try something new.
#7 Leiwand
In German, a Leinwand is a canvas, but in Austria, it means something is fantastic.
#8 Na no na net
Austrians use this string of words as the long way of saying yes when their friends
don’t understand their affirmative response the first time.
#9 Oida
In English, you might call your friend Dude. Similarly, Austrians say Oida, particularly
younger generations.
#10 Semmas? Gemma

Semmas is a way to ask your Austrian friend if they’re ready to go. Gemma, or Gehen
wir? is a way to say, let’s go.
90 Common German Idioms
Idioms are those funny phrases that say one thing but mean another. Most languages boast
many idioms, and using them will boost your fluency and help you to sound more like a native
speaker.
While some German idioms sound similar to their English counterparts, others are entirely
different. Literal translations don’t always make sense, which is why understanding them can
be tricky. You’ll probably notice heaps of references to food in the following phrases — an
indication of how important it is in German culture.
The 90 idioms below are essential phrases you’ll need to become fluent in German. In this
section, you’ll find the literal translations along with the English equivalent and a short
description.
#1. Um den heißen Brei herumreden

Literal Translation – Talk around the hot porridge. English Meaning – Beat around
the bush — get to the point.
Example: “Rede nicht um den den heißen Brei herum.” (Don’t (you) beat around the
bush.)
#2. Da kannst du Gift drauf nehmen

Literal Translation – You can put poison on that! English Meaning – You can bet your
life on it!
Example: “Ich weiß, dass ich die Prüfung bestehen werde. Da kannst du Gift drauf
nehmen!” I know that I’ll pass the exam. You can bet your life on it!
#3. Sich zum Affen machen

Literal Translation – Make an ape of yourself. English Meaning – Make a fool of
yourself
Example: “Mach dich nicht zum Affen!” Don’t make a fool of yourself!
#4. Zwei Fliegen mit einer Klappe schlagen

Literal Translation – Hit two flies with one swat. English Meaning – Kill two birds with
one stone.
Example: “Du kannst zwei Fliegen mit einer Klappe schlagen.” You can hit two flies
with one swat.
#4. Zwei Fliegen mit einer Klappe schlagen
Literal Translation – Hit two flies with one swat. English Meaning – Kill two birds with
one stone.
Example: “Du kannst zwei Fliegen mit einer Klappe schlagen.” You can hit two flies
with one swat.
#5. Eine Extrawurst verlangen

Literal Translation – Demand an extra sausage. English Meaning – Demand special
treatment
Example: “Warum verlangst du immer eine Extrawurst?!” Why do you always demand
special treatment?!
#6. Himmel und Hölle in Bewegung setzen

Literal Translation – Set heaven and hell in motion. English Meaning – Move heaven
and earth — do anything to achieve a goal.
Example: “Ich setze Himmel und Hölle in Bewegung.” I’m moving heaven and earth.
#7. Da steppt der Bär

Literal Translation – The bear dances there. English Meaning – A party you don’t
want to miss.
Example: “Du musst dort sein. Da steppt der Bär.” You have to be there. The party is
amazing.
#8. Tomaten auf den Augen haben

Literal Translation – Have tomatoes on the eyes. English Meaning – Blind to
something
Example: “Hast du Tomaten auf den Augen? Sie will dich nur für dein Geld.” Are you
blind? She only wants you for your money.
#9. Den Nagel auf den Kopf treffen

Literal Translation – Hit the nail on the head. English Meaning – Hit the nail on the
head — get it absolutely right.
Example: “Du hast den Nagel auf den Kopf getroffen.” You hit the nail on the head.
#10. Ich verstehe nur Bahnhof
Literal Translation – I only understand train station. English Meaning – It’s all Greek
to me.
Example: “Ich verstehe nur Bahnhof. Kannst du nochmal erklären?” It’s all Greek to
me. Can you explain again?
#11. Weggehen wie warme Semmeln

Literal Translation – Leave like warm rolls. English Meaning – Sell like hotcakes.
Example: “Mein neues Design geht weg wie warme Semmeln.” My new design is
selling like hotcakes.
#12. Seinen Senf dazugeben

Literal Translation – Add his mustard to it. English Meaning – Give your two cents
worth.
Example: “Er muss immer seinen Senf dazugeben.” He always has to give his opinion.
#13. Jemandem die Daumen drücken

Literal Translation – Press the thumbs for someone. English Meaning – Cross your
fingers — wish someone good luck.
Example: “Sei nicht nervös. Wir drücken dir die Daumen!” Don’t be nervous, we have
our fingers crossed for you!
#14. Etwas wie seine Westentasche kennen

Literal Translation – Know something like your vest pocket. English Meaning – Know
something like the back of your hand.
Example: “Ich wohne seit zwanzig Jahren in Berlin. Ich kenne die Stadt wie meine
Westentasche.” I’ve lived in Berlin for 20 years. I know the city like the back of my
hand.
#15. Man soll den Tag nicht vor dem Abend loben
Literal Translation – One shouldn’t praise the day before the evening.
English Meaning – You shouldn’t count your chickens before they hatch.
Example: “Wir haben Fortschritte gemacht, aber wir sollten den Tag nicht vor dem
Abend loben.” We made progress, but we shouldn’t count our chickens before they
hatch.
#16. Jemandem ein Ohr abkauen
Literal Translation – Chew off someone’s ear. English Meaning – Talk someone’s ear
off.
Example: “Ich habe Martha an ihrem Geburtstag angerufen, und sie hat mir ein Ohr
abgekaut für zwei Studen.” I called Martha on her birthday, and she talked my ear off
for two hours.
#17. Klar wie Kloßbrühe

Literal Translation – Clear as dumpling broth English Meaning – Crystal clear
Don’t be surprised if you hear someone exchange “Kloßbrühe” for a different but
similar brothy dish.
Example: “Du musst dich nicht wiederholen. Die Anweisungen sind klar wie
Kloßbrühe!” You don’t have to repeat yourself. The instructions are crystal clear!
#18. Dumm wie Bohnenstroh

Literal Translation – Dumb as bean straw English Meaning – Dumb as a post
Example: “Die Kandidaten sind dumm wie Bohnenstroh.” (The candidates are as
dumb as posts.)
#19. Die Kirche im Dorf lassen

Literal Translation – Leave the church in the village. English Meaning – Don’t get
carried away.
Example: “Wir müssen die Kirche im Dorf lassen.” We have to keep a cool head.
#20. Schwein haben

Literal Translation – Have a pig. English Meaning – Be lucky.
In German, you’ll often find pigs symbolizing good luck.
Example: “Heute habe ich Schwein gehabt! Ich habe 50 Euro auf dem Boden
gefunden.” I got lucky today! I found 50 Euros on the floor.
#21. Die Salamitaktik anwenden

Literal Translation – Use the salami tactic. English Meaning – The Salami tactic is a
stealthy approach to admit the truth — given to a distinct method someone uses to
reveal the truth bit by bit.
Example: “Versuchst du die Salamitaktik anwenden?” Are you trying to use the
salami tactic?
#22. Da haben wir den Salat
Literal Translation – There, we have the salad. English Meaning – We’re in a big mess.
Example: “Du hast die Regeln ignoriert. Jetzt haben wir den Salat.” You ignored the
rules. Now we’re in a mess.
#23. Das fünfte Rad am Wagen sein

Literal Translation – Be the fifth wheel on the wagon. English Meaning – Be the third
wheel.
Example: “Ich möchte nicht das fünfte Rad am Wagen sein.” I don’t want to be a
third wheel.
#24. Einen Vogel haben

Literal Translation – Have a bird. English Meaning – Crazy — typically used as an
insult.
Example: “Du hast einen Vogel!” You’re insane!
#25. Geld aus dem Fenster werfen

Literal Translation – Throw money out the window. English Meaning – Throw money
out the window — wasting money.
Example: “Warum wirfst du Geld aus dem Fenster?” Why are you throwing money
away?
#26. Eine Leiche im Keller haben

Literal Translation – Have a (dead) body in the basement. English Meaning – Have
skeletons in the closet.
Example: “Es scheint ihnen gut zu gehen, aber die Familie hat eine Menge Schulden.
Das ist nicht ihre einzige leiche im Keller, die sie haben.” They seem to be well-off, but
the family has a lot of debt. That’s not their only skeleton in the closet.
#27. Lügen haben kurze Beine

Literal Translation – Lies have short legs. English Meaning – You won’t get far with
lies.
Example: “Vergiss nicht, dass Lügen kurze Beine haben.” Don’t forget that lies get
exposed.
#28. Fix und fertig
Literal Translation – Quick and ready English Meaning – At the end of your rope/
tether.
Example: “Nach zwölf Stunden Arbeit bin ich fix und fertig.” After 12 hours of work,
I’m completely exhausted.
#29. Ich glaube ich spinne

Literal Translation – I think I spider. English Meaning – I can’t believe it.
Example: “Du hast ein neues Auto gekauft ohne mich zu fragen? Ich glaube ich
spinne.” You bought a new car without asking me? You’ve got to be joking.
#30. Die beleidigte Leberwurst spielen

Literal Translation – Act like the offended liver sausage English Meaning – Act like a
prima donna.
Example :“Du hast nur eine Runde verloren. Jetzt spiel nicht die beleidigte
Leberwurst.” You only lost one round. Don’t act like a sore loser now.
#31. Einen Kater haben

Literal Translation – Have a tomcat. English Meaning – Be hungover.
Example: “Viele Deutsche klagen über einen Kater am Neujahrstag.” Many Germans
complain about a hangover on new year’s day.
#32. Alles hat ein Ende, nur eine Wurst hat zwei
Literal Translation – Everything has an end. Only a sausage has two. English
Meaning – Nothing lasts forever.
Example: “Sei nicht so traurig. Alles hat ein Ende, nur eine Wurst hat zwei.” Don’t be
so sad. Everything has to come to an end eventually.
#33. Ein Affentheater aufführen

Literal Translation – To throw an ape theater performance. English Meaning – Throw
a fit — overreacting.
Example: “Hör auf so ein Affentheater aufzuführen!” Stop throwing such a fit!
#34. Unter einer Decke stecken
Literal Translation – Hide under a blanket. English Meaning – Be in cahoots.
Example: “Wir müssen die Überraschungsparty geheim halten. Er darf nicht wissen
dass wir unter einer Decke stecken.” We have to keep the surprise party secret. He
can’t find out that we’re in cahoots.
#35. Das Ei des Kolumbus

Literal Translation – The egg of Columbus English Meaning – A light bulb moment.
Example: “Endlich habe ich das Ei des Kolumbus gefunden.” I finally found the simple
solution.
#36. Das Haar in der Suppe suchen/finden

Literal Translation – Search for/Find the hair in the soup. English Meaning – Find
fault with something.
Example: “Manche Menschen müssen immer das Haar in der Suppe suchen.” Some
people always have to find fault with something.
#37. Ich glaube mein Schwein pfeift

Literal Translation – I think my pig is whistling. English Meaning – When pigs fly!
Example: “Ich glaube mein Schwein pfeift! Ich hätte nie gedacht, dass er über 40 ist.”
I don’t believe it! I never would have thought that he’s over 40.
#38. Es ist alles in Butter

Literal Translation – It’s all in butter. English Meaning – It’s all good.
Example: “Es ist alles in Butter. Ich mach mich gemütlich.” I’m fine. I’m making myself
comfortable.
#39. Da fresse ich glatt einen Besen

Literal Translation – I’ll smoothly chow down on a broom. English Meaning – I’ll eat
my hat if that’s the truth.
Example: “Wenn du recht hast, fresse ich einen Besen.” If you’re right, I’ll eat my hat.
#40. Wir sitzen schōn in der Tinte!

Literal Translation – We’re sitting in ink nicely. English Meaning – We’re in a lot of
trouble.
Often, this phrase implies someone is having financial difficulties.
Example: “Warum sitzt du so tief in der Tinte?” Why are you in so much trouble?
#41. Mich laust der Affe
Literal Translation – The ape is delousing me. English Meaning – Well, I’ll be a
monkey’s uncle — What a surprise!
Example: “Ich glaube, mich laust der Affe.” Well, I’ll be a monkey’s uncle.
#42. Nach jemandes Pfeife tanzen

Literal Translation – Dance to someone’s flute. English Meaning – Do everything
someone else’s way.
Example: “Ich muss nicht nach deiner Pfeife tanzen!” I don’t have to do everything
you say!
#43. Voller Bauch studiert nicht gern

Literal Translation – A full stomach doesn’t like to study. English Meaning – Fat belly,
lean brain
Example: “Ich brauche noch 15 Minuten. Voller Bauch studiert nicht gern.” I still need
15 minutes. A full stomach doesn’t like to study.
#44. Jemanden ausnehmen wie eine Weihnachtsgans

Literal Translation – Tear someone apart like a Christmas goose. English Meaning
– Take someone to the cleaners’. Another similar English idiom is, “to rob someone
blind.”
Example: “Die Organization hat uns ausgenommen wie eine Weihnachtsgans.” The
organization robbed us of everything we had.
#45. Schlafen wie ein Murmeltier

Literal Translation – Sleep like a marmot. English Meaning – Sleep like a log. Marmots
are known for sleeping particularly long and deep.
Example: “Ich habe wie ein Murmeltier geschlafen.” I slept like a baby.
#46. Schlau wie ein Fuchs sein

Literal Translation – As clever as a fox English Meaning – As clever as a fox
Example: “Du hast alle Antworten richtig. Du bist schlau wie ein Fuchs.” You got all
the answers correct. You’re as bright as a fox.
#47. Wie Pilze aus dem Boden schießen
Literal Translation – Shoot out of the ground like mushrooms. English Meaning –
Spring up everywhere.
Example: “Online-Shops sind überall. Sie schießen wie Pilze aus dem Boden.” Online
shops are everywhere. They’re springing up like mushrooms.
#48. Krokodilstränen weinen

Literal Translation – Cry crocodile tears. English Meaning – Insincere display of
remorse.
Example: “Er weint immer Krokodilstränen wenn er erwischt wird.” He always sheds
crocodile tears when he gets caught.
#49. Wer zuerst kommt, mahlt zuerst

Literal Translation – Whoever comes first eats first. English Meaning – First-come,
first-serve. Another meaning could be, “the early bird gets the worm.”
Example: “Die Konzertkarten sind auf einer wer zuerst kommt, mahlt zuerst Basis
angeboten.” The concert tickets are offered on a first-come first-serve basis.
#50. Wie Kraut und Rüben

Literal Translation – Like cabbage and turnips. English Meaning – topsy-turvy. This
expression means something is all mixed up or a mess.
Example: “Deine Wohnung sieht aus wie Kraut und Rüben.” Your apartment looks like
a mess.
#51. Das Zünglein an der Waage

Literal Translation – The pointer on the scale. English Meaning – Tip the scale. This
phrase can also mean “tie-breaker.”
Example: “Die endgültige Abstimmung ist das Zünglein an der Waage.” The final vote
is the tie-breaker.
#52. Jacke wie Hose

Literal Translation – Jacket like pants. English Meaning – It doesn’t matter.
Example: “Es ist Jacke wie Hose.” It doesn’t make a difference.
#53. Turteltauben sein
Literal Translation – Be turtle doves. English Meaning – Be lovebirds.
Example: “Kommt ihr zwei Turteltauben, oder nicht?” Are you two lovebirds coming,
or not?
#54. Seine Felle davonschwimmen sehen

Literal Translation – See his furs floating away. English Meaning – Watch your hopes
and dreams fade away.
Example: “Wir haben plötzlich unsere Felle davonschwimmen gesehen.” We suddenly
saw our dreams fading away.
#55. Auf der Leitung stehen

Literal Translation – Stand on the wires. English Meaning – A mental block
Similar to “I have my wires crossed,” this phrase is another way of saying that you’re
confused or don’t understand something.
Example: “Stehst du auf der Leitung?” Are you slow to catch on?
#56. Jemanden übers Ohr hauen

Literal Translation – Go over someone’s ear. English Meaning – Cheat, pull a fast one.
Example: “Du hast mich übers Ohr gehaut!” You set me up!
#57. Jemanden über den Tisch ziehen

Literal Translation – Pull someone over the table. English Meaning – Use somebody,
mop the floor with someone (in a game)
Example: “Du versuchst mich über den Tisch zu ziehen.” You’re trying to rip me off.
#58. Gift und Galle spucken

Literal Translation – Spit poison and bile. English Meaning – Fly off the handle.
Example: “Er spuckt Gift und Galle, weil er nicht mehr das Sagen hat.” He’s flying off
the handle because he doesn’t have the say anymore.
#59. Butter bei die Fische
Literal Translation – Butter with the fish. English Meaning – In all honesty/Give more
effort. A second use for this expression can mean giving your best effort or giving it
some elbow grease.
Example: “Jetzt mal Butter bei die Fische. Hast du die Schule geschwänzt?” In all
honesty, now. Did you skip school/play hooky?
Example: “Gib ein bißchen Butter bei die Fische und du kannst in einer Stunde fertig
sein.” Give some elbow grease and you can be done in an hour.
#60. Den schwarzen Peter zuschieben

Literal Translation – Pass the black Peter. English Meaning – Pass the blame. From an
old card game where the Joker was originally called the black Peter.
Example: “Diesmal kannst du nicht deinem Bruder den schwarzen Peter zuschieben.”
You can’t pass the blame onto your brother this time.
#61. Eine Schwalbe macht noch keinen Sommer

Literal Translation – One swallow doesn’t make a summer. English Meaning – There’s
still a ways to go.
Example: “Wir haben den ersten Schritt gemacht, aber eine Schwalbe macht noch
keinen sommer.” We took the first step, but there’s a long way to go.
#62. Da brat mir einer einen Storch

Literal Translation – Someone is roasting a stork for me. English Meaning – Well, I’ll
be a monkey’s uncle.
Example: “Da brat mir einer einen Storch! Sowas habe ich noch nie gesehen.” I’m
shocked! I never saw something like that.
#63. Den Schalk im Nacken haben

Literal Translation – Have the joker on the neck. English Meaning – Be up to mischief.
This German idiom can describe someone who’s a pain in your neck.
Example: “Er hat den Schalk im Nacken.” He’s up to mischief.
#64. Auf Wolke 7 schweben

Literal Translation – Float on cloud seven. English Meaning – Float on cloud nine.
Example: “Seit dem Urlaub schweben wir auf Wolke sieben.” We’re floating on cloud
nine since the vacation.
#65. Kleider machen Leute
Literal Translation – Clothes make people. English Meaning – Clothes make the man.
Example: “Kleider machen Leute ist besonders wahr in einem Geschäftsumfeld.”
Clothes make people is especially true in a business setting.
#66. Tabula Rasa machen

Literal Translation – Smoothly scraped board. English Meaning – Start from a clean
slate.
Example: “Wir wollen keine Tabula Rasa machen.” We don’t want to start from
scratch.
#67. Eine Rabenmutter sein

Literal Translation – Be a raven mother. English Meaning – Be a bad mother.
Example: “Ich fühle mich wie eine Rabenmutter.” I feel like a bad mother.
#68. Die Büchse der Pandora öffnen

Literal Translation – Open Pandora’s box English Meaning – Open Pandora’s box —
set off a chain reaction, for better or worse.
Example: “Wie oft muss du noch die Büchse der Pandora öffnen?” How many more
times do you have to reopen Pandora’s box?
#69. Sich ins gemachte Nest setzen

Literal Translation – Sit in the made nest. English Meaning – Have it made.
Example: “Sie hat sich ins gemachte Nest gesetzt.” She married for money.
Example: “Wir haben die ganze Arbeit gemacht. Sie hat sich einfach ins gemachte
Nest gesetzt.” We did all the work. She just rode along on our success.
#70. Einen Eiertanz aufführen

Literal Translation – Perform an egg dance. English Meaning – Walk on eggshells —
be very careful around someone.
Example: “Sie führt immer einen Eiertanz auf weil sie niemanden auf die Füße treten
will.” She always walks on eggshells because she doesn’t want to offend anyone.
#71. Den Kürzeren ziehen

Literal Translation – Pull the shorter one. English Meaning – Get the short end of the
stick — someone who’s very unlucky.
Example: “Jedes mal ziehst du den Kürzeren.” You lose every time.
#72. Wie du in den Wald hineinruft, so schallt es heraus
Literal Translation – The forest echoes back what you shout into it. English Meaning
– Treat others how you want to be treated.
Similar to “you reap what you sow,” this German idiom serves as a reminder that what
goes around comes around.
Example: “Bevor du die Beherrschung verlierst, denke daran, dass hier gilt: wie man
in den Wald hineinruft, so schallt es heraus.” Before you lose control, remember the
rule that what goes around comes around.
#73. Jemanden den Hof machen

Literal Translation – Make someone’s farm. English Meaning – Court someone
Example: “Er hat mir Blumen und Schokolade geschenkt! Er macht mir ganz schön
den Hof.” He gifted me flowers and chocolate! He’s really making an effort to court
me.
#74. Viele Wege führen nach Rom

Literal Translation – Many roads lead to Rome. English Meaning – Many roads lead to
Rome. There could be multiple solutions to a challenge.
Example: “Man weiß nie. Eine neue Denkweise könnte die Lösung sein. Viele wege
führen nach Rom.” You never know. A new way of thinking could be the solution.
Many roads lead to Rome.
#75. Das macht den Kohl auch nicht fett

Literal Translation – That doesn’t make the cabbage fat either. English Meaning – It
won’t make a difference.
Example: “Schöne Worte machen den Kohl nicht fett.” Nice words don’t change
anything.
#76. Sich die Hörner abstoßen

Literal Translation – Shed one’s horns. English Meaning – Let one’s guard down,
loosen up.
Example: “Die Studenten wollen sich die Hörner abstoßen bevor Semesterbeginn.”
The students want to have some fun before the new semester begins.
#77. Den Faden verlieren

Literal Translation – Lose the thread. English Meaning – Lose your train of thought.
Example: “Lass uns nicht den Faden verlieren.” Let’s not get off-track.
#78. In Teufels Küche kommen
Literal Translation – Come into the devil’s kitchen. English Meaning – Be in a sticky
situation.
Example: “Wir kommen alle in Teufels Küche mit deinem Fehlverhalten.” All of us are
getting into trouble with your bad behavior.
#79. Nach Strich und Faden

Literal Translation – According to stitch and thread. English Meaning – Good and
proper, done correctly or in tremendous detail.
Example: “Du verwöhnst uns nach Strich und Faden.” You spoil us rotten.
#80. Jemanden an der Nase herumführen

Literal Translation – Lead someone around by the nose. English Meaning – Give
someone the runaround, fool you.
Example: “Ich lass mich nicht länger an der Nase herumführen.” I won’t be fooled any
longer.
#81. Zur Strecke bringen

Literal Translation – Bring to the stretch. English Meaning – Take someone down.
Example: “Die Polizei haben den Täter zur Strecke gebracht.” The police took down
the perpetrator.
#82. Oberwasser haben

Literal Translation – Have headwater. English Meaning – Have the upper hand.
Having headwater can have several different meanings in German. First, the idiom
can mean having a good time. A second meaning is to have the upper hand. Finally,
the phrase can mean someone who wants to be first.
Example: “Wir werden endlich Oberwasser haben.” We’ll finally have fun.
Example: “Er muss immer Oberwasser haben.” He always wants to be first.
Example: “Nach der letzten Stimmenzahl hat die Partei wieder Oberwasser.” After
the last vote count, the party has the upper-hand again.
#83. Ungeschoren davonkommen

Literal Translation – Get off scot-free. English Meaning – Get off scot-free.
Example: “Ich kann kaum glauben, dass du ungeschoren davongekommen bist.” I can
hardly believe that you got away with it.
#84. Man hat schon Pferde kotzen sehen
Literal Translation – You already saw horses vomiting. English Meaning – Crazier
things have happened. This vulgar German idiom means, you never know, anything
could happen.
Example: “Natürlich hast du keine große Chance, aber man hat schon Pferde kotzen
gesehen.” Of course you don’t have much of a chance, but nothing is impossible.
#85. Schuster, bleib bei deinen Leisten

Literal Translation – Shoemaker, stick to your strengths. English Meaning – Stick to
what you know.
Example: “Schuster, bleib bei deinen Leisten. Ich bin hier der Architekt.” Don’t meddle
in affairs you don’t understand. I’m the architect here.
#86. Ein Brett vor dem Kopf haben

Literal Translation – Have a board in front of the head. English Meaning – Have your
head in the sand.
Example: “Er war schon immer in dich verliebt. Hast du ein Brett vor dem Kopf?” He
has always been in love with you. Are you blind?
#87. Die Katze im Sack kaufen

Literal Translation – Buy the cat in the bag. English Meaning – Buy a horse sight
unseen.
Example: “Einkaufen für Mystery-Boxen ist wie eine Katze im Sack zu kaufen.”
Shopping for mystery boxes is like buying a horse sight unseen.
#88. Mit den Wölfen heulen

Literal Translation – Howl with the wolves. English Meaning – When in Rome (do as
the locals do.)
Example: “Man muss mit den Wölfen heulen.” When in Rome.
#89. Das Gelbe vom Ei sein

Literal Translation – Be the yolk of the egg. English Meaning – The bee’s knees — the
absolute best. A negative connotation means something isn’t anything the greatest.
Example: “Die Suchfunktion ist nicht gerade das Gelbe vom Ei.” The search function
needs improvement.
#90. Im Dreieck springen
Literal Translation – Jump in a triangle. English Meaning – Go off the deep end - get
really angry.
Example: “Ich springe gleich im Dreieck.” I’m about to go off the deep end.
We’ve come to the end of our German Vocab Power Pack. I hope you’ve found these sections
of words and phrases useful as you move from beginner, through intermediate to an
advanced level of German.
If you’re interested in expanding your German vocabulary in an enjoyable and natural way,
read on to discover my delightful method of learning through stories.
How To Expand Your Vocabulary with Stories
Do you remember in the introduction I gave you an important word of warning? It went:
“DON’T try to memorise all the vocabulary in this pack!”
And I’m sure you’re relieved to hear it, now that you’ve seen the wonderfully long list of
words and phrases I compiled for you!
So here’s where I tell you why. See, I’ve learned the hard way that memory techniques are
definitely not the best way to learn new vocabulary. Not if you want the words to really stick,
and not if you want the experience to be fun.
There’s a better way, and I just LOVE this: I expand my vocabulary in the languages I learn by
reading and listening to stories.
Have you tried this before?
Well, if you’re using stories to learn a new language, then you’ve accidentally stumbled upon
the best way to expand your vocabulary!
But you probably still have some burning questions, like...
• How often should I look up words?

• What should I focus on?
• Should I try to memorize words?
• And what about translation… or vocab tests?
Well, I have an exact process you can

follow... so let’s get into this!
#1. What should I focus on when reading?
The ultimate goal in reading anything is to read for enjoyment, so…

Focus on the plot. Focusing on anything else is missing the point.
I know the quandary you’re in:

To understand the plot, you must first understand the words, but…
understanding the words is how you understand the plot!
There’s a crucial difference, though:

If you focus on the plot, you will learn to read independently.
But if you focus on vocabulary, every new word becomes something you “have to learn”.
That’s because when you obsess over vocabulary, you don’t get on with the story! But you
don’t need to understand every word to understand the plot. So it’s pretty clear:
Focus on the plot, and just read for enjoyment.
#2. When should I look up words?
Here’s the process I recommend:
• Step 1 - Read through the chapter to the end

• Step 2 - Go back and read it again.
• Step 3 - Read the summary of the chapter.
• Step 4 - Look up some key words.
• Step 5 - Read the chapter again until the gist is clear.
The more times you read each chapter, the closer you’ll get to the 70-80% understanding you
need. Only when you can’t get any further by yourself - that’s when you look up a few words.
The point is not to memorize the words, but to unlock your understanding of the plot.
This way, you’ll build the ability to read independently!
#3. When should you move on to the next chapter of the story?
As soon as you can follow what’s going on, you’re good. You are categorically NOT aiming for
100% comprehension! Rather aim for a minimum of 70% comprehension.
You can understand a lot without knowing every word!

And this is super important: you’ve got to struggle if you want the breakthrough.
Yes, really. If it’s too easy, you’re reading below your level.
#4. How can I read as a complete beginner?
A great question! So here is one of the central points of reading through stories:
Read just above your current level. Otherwise known as “comprehensible input”.
No matter what stage of learning you’re at, your ideal level is when, WITH EFFORT, you can
understand the gist of what’s going on.
The basic “core” words of the language will repeat so often, that you’ll learn them
automatically just by reading. No memorizing required!
So this is a combination of a very simple story and learning a minimum core of words.
But while you’re doing this, you’ll naturally also discover other things …
• how basic verbs conjugate
• loads of cognates
• all of which unlocks even more easy vocabulary for you
As for all the repetition… how is that good? Well, you’re acclimatizing to the language!
The key is always: HAVE MATERIAL AT THE RIGHT LEVEL.
#5. How do you balance repetition versus new input?
As a beginner, you read narrowly with lots and lots of repetition.

At a high level, you read freely for pleasure and move on; there’s no repetition.
So what happens in-between?
Well, it’s a bridge. A gradual shift from lots of repetition, towards free reading for pleasure!
And that’s what’ll get you reading like a native speaker.
Rule of thumb: Aim to read each chapter 3 to 5 times.
#6. How can I memorize vocabulary?
Just keep on reading. Read, read, read! Reading gives you natural review, because the words
that matter will keep coming up - in context, so you’ll know how to use them.
And if you’re still wondering about flashcards or memory techniques...

Flashcards or mnemonics have to be used right for them to work. So here’s my advice:
Be hyper-selective. Is the vocabulary or phrase life or death?

Okay… then go for it, but give it a maximum of 5% of your time.
Then get back to reading. Trust in the process.
#7. What about low-frequency words?
Well, memory techniques can work here, but only from about upper-intermediate onwards.
It’s a far better strategy to read around your areas of interest. Just stick to your level!
#8. How does listening help me learn new vocabulary?
When you hear what you read, your brain is getting more engaged. Certain words just become
more memorable when you hear them...
So don’t think of listening as a separate activity. Think about it as enhancing your reading.
Seeing and hearing phrases at the same time is like crack cocaine for the brain!
And lastly…
#9 Where can I find interesting reading material at my level?
There are numerous interesting books and other reading materials out there for German
learners, so it’s just a matter of doing a little scouting around.
If you’re a complete beginner, the ideal place to start is with my online course,
German Uncovered, where I introduce you to the StoryLearning method. The whole course is
built around an exciting mystery story - a great intro to German!
There’s also this awesome little book on Amazon: Short Stories in German for Beginners.
If you already know some German, you’ll enjoy 101 Conversations in Simple German. These
are authentic situational dialogues between 6 characters, written in the form of a real-world
German drama. It’s an excellent immersive experience, full of the kind of language heard on
the streets.
And if you’re at an intermediate level, maybe start with Grammar Hero - a great way to
practice the method I spoke about here! You’ll read and listen to 15 interesting stories in a way
that helps you internalize German grammar naturally.
Want to know a little more about the famous StoryLearning method? Read on...
What is StoryLearning?
Stories are the most basic form of human communication.
We’ve been communicating through stories for thousands of years.
Now, for the first time, you can use the magic of stories to learn a new language.
(It’s the way that the brain naturally likes to learn.)
Are You Living Your Best Life?
If you’re learning a new language, then you know deep down that it’s not really about
“becoming fluent”…
Learning a language is about living your best life!
It’s about new friendships and relationships…
Unforgettable experiences…
My name is Olly Richards, and my mission is to empower you to live your best life, by learning
a new language quickly…
Using an exciting new method that I invented called StoryLearning®.
Dr. Barbara Oakley, Instructor of Learning How To Learn

From The University of California
“Olly’s language-learning insights are right in line with the best of what we know from
neuroscience and cognitive psychology about how to learn effectively. I love his work!”
About StoryLearning
With StoryLearning, you learn languages through stories, not rules.
The magic of learning through stories is that you can hardwire the language directly into your
brain, through the same natural learning process children use to acquire their native language.
Forget about rote learning, grammar drills, boring textbooks and silly apps that you know
you’re wasting your time with…
StoryLearning is a natural, brain-friendly way to learn a new language.
It’s supported by decades of research, and being used right now by 10,000s of people all over
the world to learn languages.
About Olly Richards

My name is Olly Richards. I’m a teacher, author,
speaker and language learner!
I discovered the power of learning through story

after a terrifying near-death experience on top of a
mountain.
Since then, I’ve published 30+ language books,

worked with major universities, and featured in
documentaries on the BBC.
Here, you’ll find language tutorials, videos of me

learning languages, podcasts and my premium
courses.
But my most useful material is free, in my newsletter!
So if you’re curious about StoryLearning, why not try it out with a FREE 7-day trial of my
popular German Uncovered course?
Learn German with Stories
Start Your 7-Day FREE Trial Today!
StoryLearning is better experienced than explained.
That’s why I let you try my comprehensive beginner course - German

Uncovered - completely FREE for 7 days!
Visit storylearning.com/freetrial now to start your free trial today!

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StoryLearning

The vocabulary in this pack covers all levels of German:

And that’s important...

Without further ado, let’s begin!

Section 1: BEGINNERS - Essential German Vocabulary 01

Common German Phrases 01

Section 2: INTERMEDIATE - Expanding Your Vocabulary 32

Fluency-boosting intermediate phrases 32

Swiss German words and phrases 55

Everyday German Words and Phrases

Greetings and Introductions

#1 Hallo – Hello [any time of day]

#2 Hallo, wie geht’s? – Hello, how are you?

#3 Guten Morgen – Good morning

#4 Guten Tag [lit. good day] – Good afternoon

#6 Gute Nacht – Good night

#7 Vielen Dank – Thank you very much

#11 Mein Name ist _ – My name is _____

#13 Ich bin Amerikanerin, Kanadierin, Engländerin (female) – I’m American /

#14 Woher kommen Sie? – Where are you from?

#15 Freut mich – Nice to meet you!

#21 Was bedeutet das? – What does that mean?

#22 Sprechen Sie Englisch? – Do you speak English?

#23 Es tut mir leid – I’m sorry

#24 Ich weiß nicht – I do not know

#25 In Ordnung – All right

#26 Macht nichts – never mind

Visiting a German Restaurant

#29 Haben Sie schon auf? – Are you open yet?

#31 Können wir dort sitzen? – Can we sit over there?

#32 Entschuldigung! – Excuse me! [Calling a waiter]

#33 Was empfehlen Sie? – What do you recommend?

#35 Was ist das? – What is this?

#37 Ein kleines Bier bitte – A small beer, please

#38 Ein großes Bier bitte – A large beer, please

#41 Die Rechnung, bitte – The bill, please

Transport - Getting Around in Germany

#43 Ich möchte nach _____ – I want to go to

#45 Was kostet das? – How much is it?

#47 Wie lange dauert das? – How long does it take?

#48 Wohin muss ich jetzt gehen? – Where should I go now?

#49 Wann fährt er ab? – When does it leave?

#50 Wie spät ist es (jetzt)? – What time is it (now)?

Asking For Directions

#59 Ich habe mich verlaufen – I’m lost (on foot)

#60 Ich habe mich verfahren – I’m lost (by car)

#61 Wie komme ich dahin? – How can I get there?

#64 Wo ist __?– Where is _ ?

#65 Das gefällt mir – I like this

#66 Was kostet das? – How much is this?

#70 Das ist mir zu teuer – it’s too expensive for me

#72 Ich suche nach _____ – I’m looking for a _____

#73 Ich schaue mich nur um – I’m just looking around

#75 Moment, bitte – Just a moment

#76 Ja, bitte – Yes, please

#77 Nein, danke – No, thanks

It’s useful to know some basic medical vocabulary, just in case!

#79 Ich brauche einen Arzt – I need to see a doctor

#80 Es geht mir nicht gut – I do not feel well

#84 Es tut hier weh – It hurts here [pointing to body part]

#85 Ich brauche Medizin – I need some medicine

Looking for Hidden Gems in German-speaking Countries

• einundzwanzig – twenty-one (one and twenty)

• Zehntausend - ten thousand

#72 Ich suche nach _ – I’m looking for a _