NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PATNA

Department of Mathematics
Engineering Mathematics

1. Reduce the following matrix into normal form and hence find its rank
 
1 2 3 4
 8 7 6 5 
A=  9 10
.
11 12 
16 15 14 13

2. Find the row reduced echelon form of the matrix A and hence find the rank, where
 
2 3 1 1
 1 −1 3 −2 
A= 
 1 0 2 −1 
3 5 1 2

3. Consider the matrix  

2 −4 3 1 0
 1 −2 1 −4 2 
A= .
 0 1 −1 3 1 
4 −7 4 −4 5
Show that column rank(A)=Row rank (A). Hence deduce the rank of the matrix.
4. Reduce the following matrix into normal form and hence find its rank
 
1 0 1 1
 1 1 −1 2 
A=  2 0
.
1 0 
0 −1 1 3

5. Reduce the following matrix into echelon form and hence find its rank
 
1 2 3 4
A= 5 6 7 8 .
3 3 3 4

6. Use elementary operation to obtain the inverse of the matrix

 
3 1 1
A= 2 4 2 .
−1 −1 1

7. Find the inverse of the matrix  

2 1 3
A= 1 0 1 
2 1 1
by applying elementary row operations and verify that result.
8. Consider the linear system of equations
2x1 + 3x2 + 5x3 = 9
7x1 + 3x2 − 2x3 = 8
2x1 + 3x2 + αx3 = β.
Find the value of α and β for which the system has (i) a unique solution; (ii) infinitely many solution and (iii)
no solution.
 9. Obtain the value of K for the following system of linear equations

x + 2y − 4z − w = 7
−x + 10y + Kz − 4w = −16
2x + 5y − 5z + w = 2
4x + 11y − 7z + Kw = 7

for which the system has (i) unique solution, (ii) infinitely many solution, and (iii) no solution.

10. Find the value of λ so that the following system of equations

(λ + 3)x + y + 2z = λ
λx + (λ − 1)y + z = λ
3(λ + 1)x + λy + (λ + 3)z = 3.

has (i) a unique solution; (ii) infinitely many solution and (iii) no solution.

11. Determine the values of k for which the linear system of equations

3x1 + 2x2 + 4x3 = 3

x1 + x2 + x3 = k
5x1 + 4x2 + 6x3 = 15

has (i) a unique solution; (ii) infinitely many solutions and (iii) no solution.

12. Determine the values of k for which the linear system of equations

x1 + x2 + x3 = 1
x1 + 2x2 + 4x3 = k
x1 + 4x2 + 10x3 = k2 .

has (i) a unique solution; (ii) infinitely many solutions and (iii) no solution.

13. Determine whether the following sets are subspaces of R3 under the operations of addition and scalar multi-
plication defined on R3 . Justify your answers.

(a) W1 = {(a1 , a2 , a3 ) ∈ R3 : a1 = 3a2 and a3 = −a2 }

(b) W1 = {(a1 , a2 , a3 ) ∈ R3 : a1 = a3 + 2}
(c) W1 = {(a1 , a2 , a3 ) ∈ R3 : 2a1 − 7a2 + a3 = 0}
(d) W1 = {(a1 , a2 , a3 ) ∈ R3 : a1 − 4a2 − a3 = 0}
(e) W1 = {(a1 , a2 , a3 ) ∈ R3 : a1 + 2a2 − 3a3 = 1}
(f) W1 = {(a1 , a2 , a3 ) ∈ R3 : 5a21 − 2a22 + 6a23 = 0}

14. Do the polynomials x3 − 2x2 + 1, 4x2 − x + 3, and 3x − 2 generate P3 (R)? Justify your answer.

15. The vectors u1 = (2, −3, 1), u2 = (1, 4, −2), u3 = (−8, 12, −4), u4 = (1, 37, −17), and u5 = (−3, −5, 8)
generates R3 . Find the subset of the set {u1 , u2 , u3 , u4 , u5 } that is a basis for R3 .

16. Determine whether the set

       
1 0 0 −1 −1 2 2 1
, , ,
−2 1 1 1 1 0 −4 4

is linearly dependent or independent in Mm×n (R).

  
a b 
17. Consider the set S = a, b, d ∈ R . Find the basis and dimension of the set S.
b d
18. Determine whether the set S = {(1, 0, −1), (2, 5, 1), (0, −4, 3), (2, 1, 4)} is linearly dependent or linearly inde-
pendent. If the set is linearly dependent, find out the linearly independent set and test whether the obtained
set generates R3 or not.

19. Consider the transformation T : R3 → R where T (x, y, z) = 2x + y − 3z. Determine whether the transformation
T is linear or not.
20. Consider the standard ordered basis of R2 and R3 . Find out the matrix representation of the linear transfor-
mation T : R2 → R3 where T (x, y) = (2x − y, 3x + 4y, x).
21. Show that the transformation T : R3 → R3 defined by T {(x, y, z)} = (x + y, y + z, z + x) is linear.

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