WHAT IS

JUSTICE?
 Justice
Justice comes from the Latin word "jus" means "right".

Justice is a concept of moral rightness based ethics, rationality, law, natural law, religion, equity
and fairness, as well as the administration of the law, taking into account the inalienable and
inborn rights of all human beings and citizens, the right of all people and individuals to equal
protection before the law of their civil rights, without discrimination on the basis of race, gender,
sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, color, ethnicity, religion, disability, age,
wealth, or other characteristics, and is further regarded as being inclusive of social justice.
 FORMAL
PRINCIPLE OF
JUSTICE
 Aristotle in
Nichomachean Ethics
• Equals must be treated
equally
• Unequal must be treated
unequally
 MATERIAL
PRINCIPLE OF
JUSTICE
 Material Principle of Justice
Principle that specify the relevant characteristics for
equal treatment are called "Material" because they
identify the substantive properties of distribution.
 Material Principle of Justice
Engelhadrt, Keusch, Wildes and others have suggested the
following material principle of Justice.
a To each person an equal share

b To each person according to need

To each person according to

c contribution

To each person according to free-

d market exchange
 Material Principle of Justice
Wildes and others have suggested the following material
principle of Justice.

e To each person according to merit

f To each person according to effort

THANK YOU!