Interpreting loadings and scores together

It is helpful to visualize any two score vectors, e.g. t1 vs t2, in a scatterplot:

the N points in the scatterplot are the projection of the raw data onto the model plane
described by the two loadings vectors, p1 and p2.

Any two loadings can also be shown in a scatterplot and interpreted by recalling that
each loading direction is orthogonal and independent of the other direction.

Side-by-side, these 2 plots very helpfully characterize all the observations in the data
set. Recall observation 33 had a large, negative t1 value. It had an above average
fracture angle, an above average density, a below average crispiness value of 7, and
below average oil level of 15.5.

It is no coincidence that we can mentally superimpose these two plots and come to
exactly the same conclusions, using only the plots. This result comes from the fact
that the scores (left) are just a linear combination of the raw data, with weighting
given by the loadings (right).
Use these two plots to characterize what values the 5 measurements would have
been for these observations:

 sample 8:

 sample 20:

 sample 35:

 sample 42: