CASE STUDY

INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT SAMRAT NUCLEUS

BUILDING'S INFO :
It’s a 14 storied Building ,
Backed with the right expertise
and with blazing ideas, Samraat
Group was instituted two decades
ago in Nashik, India with a vision
to transform the skylines and
landscapes of the city.

Founded in passion and built on reliance, today more than 5500 patrons and
contented families have helped Samrat Group to scale incredible heights and fulfil
countless dreams.
Samraat Nucleus Completion in Mar-2022.
Address : Mumbai Naka, Bhabha Nagar, Nashik, Maharashtra, INDIA..
Bank Approval : HDFC Bank, Axis Bank, LIC Housing Finance Ltd, State Bank of
India and ICICI Bank.

Loaded with all world class amenities and strategically located, Samraat Nucleus is an
address which only a people like, who are destined for eminence in life.
The residents of these Residential Apartments in Nashik enjoys a lifestyle that is sought by
many and experienced by few. Samraat Nucleus in Bhabha Nagar offers you an elite
lifestyle that you have always cherished. The floor plan of Samraat Nucleus enables best
utilization of space such that every room, kitchen, bathroom or balconies appear to be more
bigger and spacious. Samraat Nucleus offers 2 BHK and 3 BHK luxurious Apartments in
Nashik. The master plan of Samraat Nucleus ensures that these Apartments in Bhabha
Nagar are Vastu compliant to present its residents with a cheerful mood and blissful life
throughout all seasons. Location of Samraat Nucleus is perfect for the ones who desire to
invest in property in Nashik with many schools, colleges, hospitals, supermarkets,
recreational areas, parks and many other facilities nearby Bhabha Nagar. Currently Samraat
Nucleus is ongoing and is available. The price of Apartments in Samraat Nucleus starts
from 46.2 lakhs. Samraat Nucleus is Consist Min 924 sqft . and 1283 sqft unit Size.
ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM - SAMRAT NUCLEUS

Active Fire Protection (AFP) is a group of

manual and automatic operated fire system
which requires acts or motion operation to
detect and alert the users of the building
when fire peril arises.
Apart from construction materials, the
active fire protection system should be

Master Plan showing highlighted included in the process of designing in

location of external fire hydrant system compliance with NBC Norms to assure the
safety of the users and prevent further loss
when fire hazards occur.

The active fire protection system can be generally categorized into four main parts: water-
based system, non-water based system, alarm and detection system, as well as smoke control
system, to prevent and suppress structural fires from spreading as well to allow appropriate
firefighting action to be taken.

First, water-based system which uses water as

natural extinguisher agent in dealing with fire, such
as external fire hydrant, hose reel system, wet riser
system and automatic sprinkler system.
Fire hydrant located
outside of Samrat NUCLEUS

Second, non-water-based system including carbon dioxide system and dry chemical agent
which are usually placed at water-sensitive mechanical areas to reduce the possibility of
electricity shorting by water. Third, alarm and detection system as an immediate media to warn
users of occurred fire hazard and allow proficient evacuation process, such as fire control,
manual pull station, voice communication system, smoke and heat detector system, and more.
Forth, smoke control system to extract the smoke caused by fire hazard inside the building to
outside in order to minimalize dangerous pollutant.
FIRE ALARMS, FIRE DETECTION, FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT AND FIRE
FIGHTING ACCESS :

Every building shall be served by at least one fire

hydrant located not more than 91.5 metres from the
nearest point of fire brigade access.

Conclusion : The fire hydrant system is located

beside the main entrance of Samrat NUCLEUS ,
which is noticeable from the main road and easily
accessible by the fire brigade.

Hose reel system is usually used by

the occupants at the initial outbreak
of fire to provide controlled water Adjustable 25 mm

supply jet and spray galvaniz

nozzle . ed iron
ball
25 mm
The system consists of hose reel valve
diameter x
pumps, fire water storage tank, hose
30m rubber
reels, pipe work and valves. 560mm
hose
Hose Reel
drum 50 mm

HOSE REEL SYSTEM : Hose reel

pipe

Fire hose reel systems are set to be located

at strategic places inside a building in
order to provide a reasonably accessible
and serve as an initial firefighting aid to
control the fire.

Hose reel system placed together with hose

cradle, fire extinguisher and landing valve
HOSE REEL SYSTEM ( Location in Building ) :

In Samrat NUCLEUS , the hose reels are located on

every floor including both upper and lower basement
car park level.

Some hose reels are kept in small compartments together

with hose cradle, fire extinguisher and landing valve
Ground Floor Plan showing whereas some are placed outside along the corridor as
highlighted location of Hose well as the basement.
reel system .

Two fire hose reels are installed strategically in the firefighting access lobby and beside
the emergency staircase at the ground floor to ease fire brigade or occupant to access the
hose reel in the event of fire emergency

HOSE REEL ( Pump ) :

The hose reel system used in Samrat

NUCLEUS , consists of two type of pumps,
namely duty pump for duty operation and
standby pump for standby operation.
Standby pump operated by diesel
and generator

The fire hose reel pump usually has a backup pump in case that the main duty pump fails
to operate.

The duty pump is controlled by electricity whereas the standby pump is operated by
emergency generator set or diesel. Each hose reel pump is connected to a 25mm diameter
pressure sensing pipe. The sensing pipes are then connected to the pressure switches.

The operation of the pump depends on the system pressure switches which are used to
start and stop the pumps to maintain the required water pressure.
HOSE REEL ( Pump ) :

Hose reel pump set connected

with pressure switches

Floor plan showing highlighted location of hose

reel pump in sprinkler pump room

The pump sets pressure setting has been labelled at the respective pressure switch to
indicate the cut in and cut out pressure.
However, in Samrat NUCLEUS , the hose reel pump is placed in the sprinkler pump
room because the hose reel pump system also serves as a main water supply at
higher pressure for the fire sprinkler system apart from just the hose reel system.
Therefore, there is a small pump spotted that is attached together to the system which is
know as jockey pump. This pump functions to maintain a certain pressure in sprinkler
system.Also, this hose reel pump is usually needed when the external fire hydrant cannot
provide sufficient pressure to meet the hydraulic design requirement of the fire sprinkler
system.
HOSE REEL WATER STORAGE TANK :
Hose reel water storage tank.
In Samrat NUCLEUS , hose reel water
storage tank is located besides sprinkler
pump room, together with the hose reel
pump, supplying a large amount of water and
faster transferring water to the hose reels
with the gravity aids.
Reserved water is always ensured to be fully
stored in the tank which is available to be
used in any emergency of hose reel system
that has been used. Samrat NUCLEUS ,

The three hose reel pumps work together to control the pressurized water flow rate
to hose reel system and fire sprinkler system from the water storage tank .

150mm Riser Pipe

WET RISER

In Samrat NUCLEUS , three-ways wet riser

landing valve is used for its wet riser system.
The landing valve which is 65mm in diameter
is connected to the wet riser supply pipe which
is 150mm in diameter. The wet riser supply
pipes are located on each floor along with the
landing valves. 65mm

All the landing valves are covered with a landing

coupling adapter. valve

The couplings are screwed directly onto the

discharge outlet of the landing valve.
Hose Cradle

Canvas hose of 30 metres in length and 65mm in diameter is provided together with each
landing valve. These hoses are stored on a hose cradle which is near the landing valve. Each
canvas hose is also completed with a diffuser nozzle.
WET RISER LOCATION IN BUILDING :
The building is higher than 30.5m,
therefore a wet riser system is installed.

As shown in picture the components of

wet riser system can be found in and near
the designated firefighting access lobby at
ground floor.

In the event of emergency, fire brigade

can access the wet riser system easily and
Ground floor plan showing highlighted
work faster to extinguish the fire.
location of wet riser outlet room

WET RISER PUMP :

In Samrat NUCLEUS , the entire wet

riser pump system is controlled by a
pump starter panel.

Wet riser pump used in the system

comprises three type of pumps - duty
pump, standby pump and jockey pump
which has a smaller flow rate.

Each pump set is connected via pipe manifolds. The duty and standby pump will be
operated once the landing valves throughout the building have been activated. Jockey
pump will be activated even if a small pressure drops in the system.
It will aid in increasing the pressure to the proper operating pressure in order to prevent
the duty and standby pumps from activating.
WET RISER PUMP ROOM :

The pressure settings of pump sets have been

labelled at a respective pressure switch to indicate
the cut-in and cut-out pressure.

When the pressure is lower than the respective

pressure, it will automatically start up the jockey
pump.

Wet riser pump room at upper

basement car park level
FIRE SPRINKLER PUMP :

Floor Plan showing highlighted location of fire sprinkler

pump room
In Samrat NUCLEUS , the fire sprinkler system is divided into three pumps.
One pump is located at club house to serve the basement, the other is located at level 4 to
serve the above levels and the hose reel which has its individual sets of pumps and tanks.
FIRE SPRINKLER PUMP :

Each pump system consists of a duty pump, a

standby pump and a jockey pump.
These fire sprinkler pumps will draw water from
the water storage tank to feed the sprinkler
network.
In Samrat NUCLEUS , duty pump is the main
functioning pump operated by electricity to
generate pressure to assure a constant water Duty Pump
supply.
The standby pump is the alterative backup
powered from diesel engine driven and generator
in case of operational failure by the duty pump
and jockey pump.

Jockey pump is another important component

for the automatic fire sprinkler system to keep
maintaining water pressure within a specific
range.
Due to activation of the sprinkler, water
pressure inside the pipe will drop as the water Standby Pump
flows out to extinguish the fire.

In the case of serious fire hazard, the jockey pump would not able to keep up the
pressure. Thus, larger drop in pressure will trigger fire pump to work in sending water
to the system.

However, jockey pump will prevent the fire sprinkler system from damage when fire
pump starts the process of sending water by keeping the system pressurized. Without the
presence and contribution of jockey pump in maintaining the pressure, the system will
result in low pressure, meanwhile the fire pump will send highly pressurized water inside
the pipe. The drastic change in water pressure will destroy the entire automatic fire
sprinkler system.
FIRE SPRINKLER ALARM VALVE :

In Samrat NUCLEUS , the sprinkler alarm control valve is located outside the
automatic fire sprinkler room.
Each alarm valve has been labelled and indicated the area and floor serving. The pump
sets will pump water into the main riser.
Every zone of the building is provided with a flow switch and a butterfly valve
completed with micro-switch.
The flow switch and butterfly valve are both located outside the main distribution pipe of
each floor.

Fire Sprinkler alarm valve located at upper basement .

The butterfly valve is installed at open position at all time whereas the micro-switch is
installed to monitor the position of the butterfly valve.

The purpose of butterfly valve is to temporarily shut off the water distribution piping
system at that particular floor for ease of maintenance .
The fire sprinkler alarm valve is placed near the exit of the enclosed car park at upper
basement level of Samrat NUCLEUS , which allows the ease of extinguishing by fire
brigade during fire hazard.
It is connected to the fire alarm system which links directly to the nearest fire station
through fire control panel.
PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHER :
ABC dry powder extinguisher is one of the most
common fire extinguishers used.
It is also a multipurpose fire extinguisher that can be
used for initial outbreak of fire from class A burning
solids (wood, paper, cloth), class B liquid fires
(flammable liquids), class C gases (flammable gases)
and electrical-contact fires.
Each canister consists of dry powder with compressed
nitrogen as the propellant. When the powder is layered
on the fire, it will cut the fuel off from the oxygen that
surrounds it, hence, it will put out the fire temporarily.

In Samrat NUCLEUS , this type of fire

extinguisher can be found near all the
emergency exit doors as well as throughout
the whole upper and lower basement car park
level.
Some of them are kept in a case to prevent
accidental discharge.

In Samrat NUCLEUS , this type of extinguisher can be found at electrical riser rooms
of each office floor.
The key difference between ABC dry powder extinguisher and carbon dioxide extinguisher
is the large, black, cone shaped horn which can only be seen on carbon dioxide
extinguisher.
The purpose of it is to allow the carbon dioxide gas to expand, cool and turn into a mixture
of frozen 'snow' and gas.
The design of the horn easily allows the carbon dioxide to exit at high speed, so that snow
that is formed does not block it from exiting smoothly.
Furthermore, it also has to mix up the gas in fairly turbulent way in order to stop it from
firing air from the horn to the fire as well which will cause more fire.
ALARM, DETECTION SYSTEM AND DEVICES :

Fire alarm usually consists of alarm bells, fireman's

switch, voice communication system, manual pull
station, smoke and heat detector, buzzer and
emergency light.
Fire alarm system provides audible and visual alarm
signals for the occupant of the building. The signals
may be coming from the manual operation of
manual pull station (or break glass) or automatic
operation equipment such as heat detector or smoke
detector.

There are two type of fire alarm system in general, which are two-stage alarm system and
single alarm system. In Samrat NUCLEUS two-stage alarm system is used. In a two-
stage alarm system, a distinct alert signal first advises the security or staff in charge
of the fire emergency.
Usually this signal is coded so that its meaning is apparent only to designated building
staff. The staff is expected to immediately investigate the source of the alarm and if a fire
exists to activate the alarm.

MANUAL PULL STATION :

The manual pull station is a call point that enables people to raise a fire alarm in the case
of fire emergency by pressing or breaking the glass to activate the fire alarm system that
is connected directly on top of it.
In Samrat NUCLEUS , the manual pull station is located along with the fire alarm
bell at each floor of the building.
SMOKE DETECTOR : Once the smoke or smoldering substance is detected,
this detector will transfer signal to fire control panel
in fire control room which then activates the alarm
signals to warn the occupants of the building.
In Samrat NUCLEUS , there are generally two
type of smoke detectors used throughout the
building - ionization smoke detector and
photoelectric smoke detector.
Ionization smoke detector

Ionization smoke detector contains a small portion of radioactive substance in between two
electrically charged plates, leading to ionization of the air and current outflow between the
plates.
Smoke from fire hazard will disrupt the flow of ions and stop the electric current, thus
slower the flow and triggering the fire alarm.
This type of alarm responds the best to fast raging fires.

Photoelectric smoke detector

Photoelectric smoke detector operates using a light source, a light beam collimating system
and a photoelectric sensor. This type of smoke detector can detect smoke through scattered
light particles around the air caused by the smoke using its light electric sensor.
Alarm will be triggered when the light hits the sensor, sending signal informing the
existence of fire hazard to the fire control panel.
High sensitivity towards light and efficiency in detecting smoke makes this type of smoke
detector preferred as fire detection system.
Both ionization and photoelectric smoke detectors are installed on the ceiling level of
the lift lobbies area of each floor to detect fire hazard. They work together with fire
alarm bell and can be remotely controlled from the fire control room as well.
HEAT DETECTOR :
Heat detector is one of the early stage fire
detection systems with specialization in
detecting thermal changes around the
installation area of the device.
Sudden thermal change or higher
temperature from the fire hazard will be
detected by this detector and result in
triggering the alarm that is connected to the
fire control panel.
Rate of rise heat detector.

FIRE CONTROL ROOM

Rate-of-rise heat detector activates the

alarm from a sudden change of temperature
from the predetermined value. It can barely
detect slowly-developing fires due to the
produced small heat energy.
In Samrat NUCLEUS , only rate-of-rise
heat detector is installed throughout the
building. Fire control system

The fire control room is the central of a building where almost every important information
can be found in case of a fire emergency.
The control room is where the main fire alarm control panel, intercom system and digital
alarm communicator are located.
This room also provides information about fire detection system such as alarm system,
voice communication system, fire pump, and other important fire control system.
Fire signal will be automatically sent to nearest firefighter department or hospital by digital
alarm communicator in case of fire hazard occurrence.
In Samrat NUCLEUS , the fire control room is located strategically besides the
clubhouse at the ground floor.
PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

In general, the passive fire

protection system can be
categorized into three main parts,
Namely means of escape,
Compartmentation and

Firefighting access,

To provide sufficient time to allow

the safe evacuation of all occupants
of a building as well to protect
building properties from totally
damage and ensure structural
integrity of a building.

EVACUATION ROUTE

In nucleus, the escape routes from within the building circulate vertically and horizontally
to direct occupants towards the exit located at the ground floor.
EVACUATION ROUTE

The building levels consist of 14 floors in total, including 2 floors of basement car park
level. Out of the 14 floors, residential lots occupy 13 floors whereas lift motor room and
mechanical ventilation service rooms occupy one floor which is the topmost level (roof
top). The other mechanical rooms can also be found at level 4 which is accessible
through level 5. The lobby is located at ground floor along with the main entrance of the
building which serves as the main evacuation exits to the main road. In nucleus, the
escape routes from within the building circulate vertically and horizontally to direct
occupants towards the exit located at the ground floor.

CAR PARK - LOWER BASEMENT AND UPPER BASEMENT LEVEL

Both basement parking levels consist of a centralized configuration point that allows
occupant to access the emergency route vertically towards the exit and assembly point
at the ground floor to be discharged out from the building in case of fire emergency.

The simple spatial configuration in both these levels also eases the occupant to
conveniently converge and identify the circulation pattern that directs them towards the
exit lobby and emergency escape staircase.
LOBBY - GROUND FLOOR LEVEL

Ground floor is where the lobby

located. In case of fire emergency,
occupants are free to exit through
different emergency exits from every
cardinal direction of the level - opening
exits towards north, south, east, and
west. It aids in easing movement of the
occupants, especially when there is a
crowd during the emergency.

LEVEL 1 TO 13

The evacuation route of the building levels is uniformed throughout the building, fire
staircase exits are located along the corridor near the lift lobby. The circulation that runs
through a linear horizontal axis along the corridor and into building lots, easing escape of
occupant during a case of an emergency.
ROOF TOP LEVEL – LEVEL 14

The roof level prohibits occupant to access within this vicinity of service area, as this area is
only accessible by authorized personnel. During the case of an emergency, authorized
personnel will be easily directed towards the staircase in the center of the roof level and will be
directed downwards to the lobby at ground floor.
Evacuation route in nucleus complies with the requirements by having two staircase exits at
the basement level, and at least 3 to 4 staircases from the lobby up through the following
stretch of residential levels.

ASSEMBLY PLAN

The assembly point is an area where the evacuated occupants should gather and be identified
after escaping from the building during the case of an emergency. Nucleus, all exit points
from the emergency escape staircases at ground floor are to be directed to the designated
assembly point located right in front of the building.
The designated evacuation routes that follow the one single linear circulation ,allow the
evacuated occupants to be discharged off the building at the assembly point in front.

HORIZONTAL EXIT

In nucleus , the horizontal exits include lift

lobby, fire fighting lobby, corridor and fire-
protected pathway that lead towards the
emergency escape staircase accessed through
fire-rated doors. The horizontal exits
incorporate pressurization system to prevent
smoke from fire coming into the space.

The spaces are also made up by fire-

protective materials to ensure taking safety
factors as a priority for occupants evacuating
from the building.