PROJECT:EXPANSION FOR EXHIBITION CENTRE FPS WORKS

THE EXPANSION PROJECT FOR EXHIBITION CENTRE

DESIGN REPORT ON MECHANICAL WORKS

( FIRE )

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................ 3

1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................. 3
1.2 SCOPE ........................................................................................................................................................... 3

2.0 SITE PLAN ......................................................................................................................................................... 4

3.0 FIRE PROTECTION AND DETECTION SYSTEM ............................................................................................ 4

3.1.0 CLASIFFICATIONS OF FIRE PROTECTION & DETECTION SYSTEMS ................................................. 5
3.1.1PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION ................................................................................................................ 5
3.1.2 ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION .................................................................................................................. 6
3.1.3 WATER STORAGE – FIRE TANK .......................................................................................................... 9
3.2.0 CODES AND STANDARDS ...................................................................................................................... 10

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1.0 INTRODUCTION
EXPANSION PROJECT EXHIBITION CENTRE

1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

EXHIBITION CENTRE is having a GF & Terrace Floor with one mezzanine floor between
ground & Terrace floor.

Multilevel car park having GF + 7F & Terrace Floor, structure and other ancillary units with
necessary infrastructures.

1.2 SCOPE
The scope of this report covers the following aspects:

 Fire Protection System

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2.0 SITE PLAN

3.0 FIRE PROTECTION AND DETECTION SYSTEM

The primary goal of this manual is to provide an environment for occupants that are
reasonably safe from fire and products of combustion. To achieve this goal, the objectives are
to protect occupants who are not intimate with initial fire development for the time needed to
take appropriate action, and to improve the survivability of occupants who are intimate with
initial fire development.

The secondary goals of this manual are to provide a reasonable level of building usability and
property protection from the effects of fire and products of combustion.

The idea has been to cover the following broad clauses:

Fire Prevention

Providing passive fire protection measures in order to prevent the occurrence of a fire.

Life Safety

In the event of a fire minimize the danger of life from fire, smoke, fumes or panic.

Fire Protection

The significant guidelines for selecting the correct type of equipment and installation
depending upon the classification & type of the building.

Automatic Fire Detection

The Addressable Fire Alarm System comprising for automatically detecting a fire, initiating an
alarm of fire and initiating other actions as appropriate.

Automatic Sprinkler

A system of water pipes fitted with sprinkler heads at suitable intervals and heights and
designed to actuate automatically, control & extinguish a fire by discharge of water. The
system shall be provided with a pumping arrangement of covering all the floors.

Fire Hydrant

An arrangement of fire fighting provided within and outside of the building connected to the
fire pumps with landing valves on floor landing and outlets at strategic points around the
building.

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3.1.0 CLASIFFICATIONS OF FIRE PROTECTION & DETECTION SYSTEMS

The fire protection is broadly divided into PASSIVE & ACTIVE protection.

3.1.1PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION

The passive protection system include such as escape routes, fire check doors, staircase
pressurizations, lift well pressurizations, fire barriers, emergency lighting, air conditioning
control, emergency lift control, etc.,

ESCAPE ROUTES

The escape routes of width 1.5 mts have been proposed to enable all the occupants to
evacuate within the safety limits. The escape routes shall preferably have one wall as the
external wall of the building. The staircases shall have an opening at the ground floor to
ensure that the people come out directly into the open.

The travel distances from any point in the floors to the exit point shall not be more than 30mts.

The width of the staircase entry shall be 1.2mts.

The walls of the stairways shall be of 2 hrs fire rating in constructions.

The fire escape stairs shall not be in the lift lobby.

The fire escape shall not be permitted to have any cable shafts.

FIRE CHECK DOORS

The fire escape exits shall be provided with fire check doors of 2 hours rating.

The doors shall be approved by CBRI.

The doors shall be of self closing type. The doors shall open into the direction of escape ie.
into the enclosed stairway.

STAIRCASE PRESSURIZATION

A complete pressurization system has been proposed for the stairways. In case of an
emergency the pressurization system will ensure that the smoke does not enter the stairway,
thus providing safe passage for the people to exit the building.

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LIFTWELL PRESSURIZATION

A complete pressurization system has been proposed for the liftwells. In case of emergency
the ingress of smoke to the lift well is prevented, this will provide safe passage for the people
inside the lift.

FIRE BARRIERS

It has been advised that all the floor openings in the ducts or shafts proposed for the
installation of cables or pipes passing through the occupied areas shall be provided with fire
barriers of vermiculite based materials.

The fire barriers shall have a fire resistance of at least 1 hour duration.

The fire barrier materials adopted shall be approved by CBRI.

EMERGENCY LIGHTING

The emergency lights have been provided for the stairways, common areas of travel to
escape routes and the staircase & lift lobbies. The emergency lighting shall be independent of
the other supplies, in order to ensure that this system in the event of fire power supply to the
building is cut out and preferably installed at ground floor with single switch control.

AIR CONDITIONING

In case of fire the total Air conditioner should be switched off. The fire alarm system on
sensing the fire, can independently / automatically switch off the air conditioning system.

EMERGENCY LIFT CONTROL

This would describe the function of the Emergency Lift Control conforming to the
requirements under SS CP 2 – Code of Practice for Installation, Operation & Maintenance of
Electric Passenger & Goods Lifts. The description of the emergency lift control would also
include the sequence of events in case of power failure, fire emergency; and both power
failure and fire emergency.

3.1.2 ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION

The active protection system include such as, hose reels, dry/wet rising mains, sprinkler
system, fixed/portable water monitors, fixed water spray, first aid firefighting equipment, etc.

PUMPING REQUIREMENT

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As per NBC -2005 Norms, the proposed building comes under the category of Assembly
building height not exceeding 30 meter Height.

Considering the safety factors the below system is proposed.

Fire Hydrant System

Two jockey pump to maintain pressure

Discharge 180 lt/min Power reqd. 15 KW

Head 100 mts

One Main Fire pump (Electric)

Discharge 171 CuM/hr Power reqd 90KW

Head 100 mts

One Standby Fire pump (Diesel)

Discharge 171 CuM/hr Power reqd 101 hp

Head 100mts

Sprinkler System

One Sprinkler pump (Electric)

Discharge 171 CuM/hr Power reqd 90KW

Head 100 mts

EXTERNAL HYDRANT SYSTEM

The basic requirement of fire hydrant is the ring main around the building. The hydrant outlets
in the yard are required to be at one outlet per 30 mts of the building perimeter which is as per
the NBC. It has been proposed to have one ring main around the building of size 150 mm
hydrant points placed equidistant from each other to effectively cover the building on all sides.
The ring main shall be laid at below ground level. The hydrant outlet at a height of 1.2 mtrs
from ground level.

YARD HYDRANT

Each of the hydrants shall be provided with the following:

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Type of hydrant Single outlet

Hose 2 nos of 15 mts hose with couplings

Branch pipe 1 no

Hose cabinet 1 no

WET RISER

Number of risers:

The details of each riser as follows:

Size of the riser 200 mm

Type of hydrant Double outlet

No of hoses 2 nos of 7.5 mts hoses with couplings

Branch pipe 1 No

Hose reel 1 No with 30 mts length rubber hose of ¾” dia

Hose cabinet 1 No

AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM

The automatic sprinkler system is a facility by which water is discharged automatically in

sufficient density to control a fire in its early stages. A system of water pipes fitted with
sprinkler bulbs at suitable intervals and heights.

The temperature rise during a fire (acting as sensing element) activates the sprinklers which
discharge a spray of water over the seat of fire. The sprinkler system shall be provided for the
Multilevel car park floors, Ground floor and first floor.

We are proposing Pendant type Sprinklers for both Multilevel Car parking areas and for Halls.
The source of water shall be from the Sprinkler pump. The system shall be incorporated with
an alarm valve. The alarm valve shall be at the Fire Pump Room.

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

Portable fire extinguishers are not expected to deal with large fires since they are essentially
first-aid firefighting equipment. Nevertheless, they are very valuable in the early stages of a
fire when used promptly and effectively. Provision of unsuitable types, incorrect operation, or

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improper maintenance of the extinguishers have, at times, led to failure in tackling the fire
effectively in the early stages, thus involving greater loss of life and property.

In order that fire extinguishers are effective, they should,

a) be portable/wheeled,

b) operate instantly,

c) have adequate throw,

d) have adequate quantity of extinguishant as per fire rating and

e) specified shelf-life from the date of manufacture.

As per IS 2190-2010, the maximum travel distance to the extinguisher is 15mtr. It should be
placed as near as possible to exits or stair lands without hindering the escape routes.

FIRE ALARM

This is addressable system has been proposed keeping in view the large quantity of sensors
required for the entire building. The salient features of an analogue addressable system are,
Environmental compensation of the sensitivity preventing false alarms, Keep the sensitivity
stable during environmental changes & detector contamination. Detector dirty indication
preventing the triggering of false alarms and ensure the healthiness of the system at all times.
Indicate the exact location of the occurrence of a fire.

The system shall be provided with GRAPHIC SOFTWARE enabling all the events and
information to be stored in the dedicated computer and to be monitored effectively.

We have also suggested that all the sensors/ components used in the fire alarm system shall
be of the same make as that of the Control panel. The sensors and the control panel shall
have the same protocol. This will avoid degradation of the system.

This system will be integrated with public address system for annunciation & evacuation
purposes.

3.1.3 WATER STORAGE – FIRE TANK

As per NBC norms, proposed building requires 2 lakhs liters of water storage capacity in the
underground sump. We also suggest interconnection to be provided with the domestic water
tank to ensure adequate water availability and the tanks shall have inlet, outlet, drain,
overflow arrangements.

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The fire water tank has been proposed to be located outside the building below ground level.
The tank shall be provided in such way that the pumps will be fed by a positive suction.

3.2.0 CODES AND STANDARDS

IS9668:1990 : Code of practice for provision and maintenance of water
supplies and fire fighting.
IS3844:1989 : Code of practice for installation and maintenance of
internal fire hydrants and hose reels on premises (first
revision)
IS1646:1997 : Code of practice for fire safety of buildings (general)
Electrical installations (second revision)
IS11360:1985 : Specification for smoke detectors for use in automatic
electrical fire alarm system
IS12349:1988 : Fire protection — Safety sign
IS2175:1988 : Specification for heat sensitive fire detectors for use in
automatic fire alarm system
IS11360:1985 : Specification for smoke detectors for use in automatic
electrical fire alarm system
IS2189 :1999 : Code of practice for selection, installation and maintenance
Of automatic fire detection and alarm system (second
revision)
IS636:1988 : Non-percolating flexible fire fighting delivery hose
(third revision) Specification for first-aid hose
IS07:1984 : Specification for suction strainers, cylindrical type for fiie
fighting purpose (second revision)
IS908:1975 : Specification for fire hydrant, stand post type
(second revision)
IS2190:2010 : Code of practice for selection, Installation and maintenance
of first aid fire extinguishers.
IS15683:2006 : Code of practice for performance and construction of first
aid fire extinguishers.

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