Welfare

A Study on Vasulal International With Special Reference to Production Department, Kannur
CHAPTER - I
INTRODUCTION
ICM Kannu 1
CHAPTER - I
INTRODUCTION
The textiles industry of India traditionally, after agriculture, is the only industry that
has generated huge employment offer both skilled and unskilled labor in textiles. The
textile industry continues to be the second largest employment generating sector in
India. It offers direct employment to over 35 million in the country.
Some records bear testimony to the fact that Kerala textile business was in full swing
before 2000 years. Basing on the cloth making in any form started here only before
500 years. Large scale factories were started under the leadership of Samuel Aaron in
Kannur and commonwealth in 1852 were later converted into power loom factory
under “commonwealth trust “ and was running very well for years until it was
disposed by the trust in1960‟s.
A textile is a flexible woven material consisting of a network of natural or artificial
fibers often refers to as thread or yarn. Yarn is produced by spinning raw fibers of
wool, flax, cotton or other materials to produce long stand. India is the first in global
jute production and shares 63% of global textiles and garments market. India is the
second in global textile manufacturing and also second in silk and cotton production.
100% FDI is allowed via automatic route in textile sector. Rieter, Trutzschier, Soktas,
Zambiati, Bilsar, Monti, CMT are the some of the foreign textile company invested or
working inIndia.
Today‟s, India‟s textile sector comprise 4 important segments:
ICM Kannur 2
 Modern textilemills
 Independent powerlooms
 Handloomand
 Garments
VASULAL INTERNATIONALS is an ISO 9001 certified company who has 58 years
heritage in weaving pottery. In the fabric form the hand operated eco friendly magic
looms. Manned by dedicated team of experienced craftmen. Late Sri. Kunhappa Nair
conceived the idea of starting vasulal way back in 1946 and they endeavor to live up
his standard in work, follow his composition to the poor and needy and the observe his
philanthropic thoughts.
VASULAL aims at perfection , worship work ,maintain prescribed standard ,meet
deadlines and fabric, made ups , throws , chair covers, hammocks, curtains,
furnishing, baskets , bathrobes and chapels, cushion covers, kitchen accessories and
garments has made them household names in all parts of the globe. Vasulal have
factories and office at Kannur, Coimbatore, Erode and Karur.
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This study aims to know about the overall working of an organization as well as the
analysis of various activities involved in each departments.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THESTUDY
The organizational study was carried out at Vasulal International to achieve the
following specific objectives:-
ICM Kannur 3
 To study the functioning of various departments of the company.
 To expose the work environment existing in an industrial concern and to
understand about the general work place behavior
 To understand the strength and weakness of the company.
 To recommend the suggestion based on the findings.
 To know the standard operating procedure followed in the company.
 To familiarize with various functions of the organisation.
 To acquire practical experience in the organisation.
1.3 SCOPE OF THESTUDY
 The organization is engaged in exports of furnishing textiles and garments.
 The study helps to know about the company‟s production department and
how materials are used effectively.
 This study has greater relevance to the future performance of the company.
1.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is the path through which researchers need to conduct their
research. It shows the path through which these researchers formulate their problem
and objective and present their result from the data obtained during the study period.
According to Kothari (2004), research methodology is a method to analytically
explain the research problem. It may be described as a science of analysis how
research is done systematically.
ICM Kannur 4
SOURCE OF DATA
Primary data:
It refers to the data that was collected first hand directly from the source. Primary data
have been collected through observation, personal interview and discussion with
managers and employees of various department of the organization.
Secondary data:
Secondary data have been collected from company‟s internal records, publications,
annual report, journal, company website etc.
1.5 PERIOD OF STUDY
The Organizational Study at Vasulal International is conducted for a period of 2
weeks I.e., from 22/11/2021 to 4/12/2021
1.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
 Lack co-operation from certain departments due to their workload.
 The staff was reluctuant to explain things as they felt boredom in explaining
the same thing repeatedly to many students.
 The project is only a general study of the organization without giving
importance to profitability and resources.
 Time was major limiting factor
ICM Kannur 5
1.7 CHAPTER SCHEME
This project report is divided into five chapters
Chapter 1 :The first chapter is introduction of the study.
Chapter 2 :The second chapter consists of industry profile.
Chapter 3 :The third chapter consists of profile of the organization.
Chapter 4 :The fourth chapter consists of data analysis and interpretation.
Chapter 5 :The fifth chapter consists of findings, suggestions and conclusions.
ICM Kannur 6
CHAPTER - II
PROFILE OF THE INDUSTRY
ICM Kannur 7
2.1 TEXTILE INDUSTRY
“Textiles” is a Latin word which means weaving or woven material. Textile means
any material made from the yarn by weaving or knitting. The textile industry is term
for industries primarily concerned with the design or manufacture of clothing as well
as distribution and use of textiles.
GLOBAL SCENARIO:
The global textile industry was estimated to be around USD 920 billion, and it is
projected to witness a CAGR of approximately 4.4% during the forecast period to
reach approximately USD 1,230 billion by 2024, according to a recentreport.
The textile industry has evolved greatly since the invention of the cotton gin in the
18th century. Textiles are products made from fiber, filaments, yarn, or thread, and
can be technical or conventional depending on their intended use. Technical textiles
are manufactured for a specific function. Examples include an oil filter or a diaper.
Conventional textiles are made for aesthetics first, but can also be useful. Examples
include jackets and shoes.
The textile industry is an immense global market that affects every country in the
world either directly or indirectly. For example, the people selling cotton increased
prices in the late 2000s due to crop issues but then ran out of cotton as it was being
sold so quickly. The price increase and the scarcity were reflected in the consumer
prices of products that contained cotton, leading to lower sales. This is a prime
example of how each player in the industry can affect others. Interestingly enough,
trends and growth follow this rule as well.
ICM Kannur 8
From a global perspective, the textile industry is an ever-growing market, with key
competitors being China, the European Union, the United States, and India.
INDIAN SCENARIO:
India has been in the midst of great social, political and economic changes ever since
reforms were introduced in various spheres of activity. The country has greater
confidence to take on the competition from developed countries and has attracted
global investors in ever increasing measure. The textile industry is one of the oldest
industries in India. The sector has made significant contributions in terms of FOREX
earnings and employment and is one of the mainstays of the economy. Indian Textile
industry occupies a very important place in the economic life of India. The Indian
textile is one of the largest in the world with a massive raw material and textile
manufacturing base. Our economy is largely dependent on the textile manufacturing
and trade in addition to other major industries. About 27% of the foreign exchange
earnings are on account of export of textiles and clothing alone. The textiles and
clothing sector contributes about 14% to the industrial production and 3% to gross
domestic product of the country. Around 8% of total excise revenue collection is
contributed by the textile industry. So much so, the textile industry accounts for as
large as 21% of the total employment generated by in the economy. Around 35million
people are directly employed in the textile manufacturing activities. Indirect
employment including the manpower engaged in agricultural based raw material
production like cotton and related trade and handling could be stated to be around
another 60million.
ICM Kannur 9
HISTORY OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY
The history of textile is almost as old as that of human civilization and as time moves
on the history of textile has further enriched itself. In the 6 th and 7th century BC, the
oldest recorded indication of using fiber comes with the invention of flax and wool
fabric at the excavation of Swiss lake inhabitants. In India the culture of silk was
introduced in 400 AD, while spinning of cotton traces back to 3000BC. In China, the
discovery and consequent development of sericulture and spin silk methods got
initiated at 2640 BC while in Egypt the art of spinning linen and weaving developed
in 3400 BC. The discovery of machines and their widespread applications in
processing natural fibers was a direct outcome of industrial revolution of the 18 th and
19th centuries. The discoveries of various synthetic fibers like nylon created wider
market for textile products and gradually led to the invention of new and improved
source of natural fiber. The development of transportation and communication
facilities facilitated the path of transaction of localized skills and textile art among
various countries.
INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
Indian textile history is very old. India was famous in the 16th century for its textile
exports, especially export from Gujarat. During the British period, the East India
Company took control over foreign trade. The first Indian cotton cloth mill was
established in 1818 at Fort Gloster, near Kolkata. This mill failed to cater to the
demands of the country and the second mill established in 1854 and KGN Daber had
laid the foundation for modern cotton industry. It had been namedas Bombay
Spinning andWeaving Company. This Industrycan be basically categorized into two
ICM Kannur 10
segments: Organized and Unorganized. Unorganized textile industry is the largest in
terms of numbers and it utilizes the traditional practices (Weaving and Spinning) in
cloth production and hence is labor intensive in nature. Unorganized industry is
characterized by the production of clothes either through weaving or spinning with the
help of hands. Further, another important feature is that this industry is naturally
considered as a decentralized one. It comprises three major segments viz., power
loom, handloom, and hosiery. Apart from this, there are readymade garments, khadi,
as well as carpet manufacturing units in the decentralized sector. Organized sector
constitutes another half of the Indian textile industry with the immense importance
given to capital intensive production process. This represents spinning/composite
mills like spinning and weaving and processing facilities carried out under the same
roof. This sector is characterized by sophisticated mills where technologically
advanced machineries are utilized for mass production of textile products.
KERALA TEXTILE INDUSTRY
Handloom industry is a major traditional vibrant industry of Kerala. Once handloom
was the major self-employment generator after agriculture as handlooms could be set
up even in mud houses and became a source of supplementary income for the poor
farmers of rural areas. But because of various reasons, Kerala handloom industry is
facing a negative growth rate. The handloom sales in co-operative sector are also
falling. Traditional handloom weavers opting out of the trade because of low wages
and hard physical labor. For this reasons new generations are also not been attracted
to the production sector. Power and automatic looms are posting severe competition
not only in the local market but also in the export sector. The adoptions of modern
ICM Kannur 11
techniques and economic liberalization,however, have made serious inroads into the
handloom sector. Competition from power looms and mill sector, availability of
cheaper imported fabrics, changing consumer preferences and alternative employment
opportunities have threatened the vibrancy, of handloom sector. This industry is
mainly concentrated in Thiruvananthapuram and Kannurdistricts.
Though it is mandatory in a few government departments to source handlooms for
uniform fabrics but handloom weavers who do not seem to be much interested due to
the pitiable wages which they are getting. Handloom, being a state subject, its
development is primarily the responsibility of the state government. The Government
of Kerala on its part is now trying to stem the flow of weavers forsaking the
handlooms and has allocated a higher amount in the budget, issuing orders to the
employees to wear handloom clothes at least once in a week, the policy of promoting
and encouraging the sector through a number of policies, programmes and financial
assistance. Although these measures have yielded manifold benefits to the handloom
weavers and auxiliary workers, yet the sector continues to face several daunting
challenges and uncertainties. As a result these organizations experience difficulty in
getting working capital loan from financial institutions and resulting in further
productionloss.
Ninety five per cent of the handloom industry is in co-operative sector and the
remaining 5 per cent is owned by private industrial entrepreneurs. The co-operative
sector consists of both factory and cottage type societies. There were 648 registered
primary handloom weavers‟ cooperative societies in the state as on March 2011. Out
of which, 167 are factory type and 486 are cottage type societies and of the total 648
ICM Kannur 12
societies, 78 co-operative societies are registered exclusively for women weavers. Out
of the total, 53 per cent of co- operatives are located in Thiruvananthapuram district.
According to a survey by Department of Economics and Statistics, even though the
total number of families engaged in handloom sector is 45040, only 16179 (35.92%)
families find their livelihood from weaving or weaving related works as a primary
occupation.
The major products the handloom sector producing are dhotis, diminishing materials,
bed sheets, grey sarees and lungis, which accounts 67 per cent of total production of
the industry. With the emergence of giant cotton mills our handloom industry began
to deteriorate. The weavers engaged in handloom weaving could not compete with the
productive capacity and technological progress of these mills. The handloom industry
in Kerala predominantly uses cotton (yarn) as raw material. A few combinations of
fibres like cotton, cotton and viscose on polyester and viscose are also used. Some of
the co-operative societies/units also procure yarns in the form of readymade warps
from Tamil Nadu through hantex andhanveev.
The government has taken numerous steps for the developments of handloom industry
by way of supplying looms and accessories, training for skill up gradation, rebate,
market development assistance etc through different organizations. Handloom
weavers are organized at local level to form primary weaver‟s co-operative societies.
The State Handloom Development Corporation has been set up to help the weavers
who work outside the co-operative sector. These organizations are working with the
objective for providing continuous employment to the weavers and related workers
and for improving their standard of living. Despite of all these measures, these
ICM Kannur 13
organizations have not been fully able to improve the socio-economic conditions of
handloom weavers to the desired level. A sizeable number of weavers are still in the
l3elow Poverty Line (BPL)category.
2.2 STRUCTURE OF INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
INDIAN TEXTILE MILL

INDUSTRY
UNORGANIZED SECTOR
ORGANIZED SECTOR
MILL SECTOR (3%) HANDLOOM HOISERY POWERLOOM

SECTOR SECTOR (97%) SECTOR
(%SHARE IN TOTAL
CLOTH PRODUCTION)
Figure 2.4: Structure of Indian Textile Industry
Source: Company details
ICM Kannur 14
CHAPTER - III
PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION
ICM KANNUR 15
3.1 COMPANY PROFILE VASULAL INTERNATIONAL
Vasulal international comes from the land of looms and lords, Kannur. Vasulal is an
IOS certified company with the heritage in weaving pottery in fabrics from the hand
operator; eco friendly magic looms manned by a dedicated team of experienced craft
men. It was sri. Kunhappa Nair conceived the idea of starting vasulal way back in
1946. At vasulal they aim at perfection, worship work, maintain prescribed standards,
meet deadlines and task matters when it comes in terms of quality. The company has a
57 year experience in hand woven fabrics made ups , throws, chair pad, chair cover,
hammocks, curtains , furnishings, and baskets , bathrobes and chapels , cushion
covers, filled cushions , kitchen accessories and garments have made to hold its name
in all parts of the globe. The company has its Factories and offices at Kannur and
Coimbatore, Erode and Karur. The most modern dyeing unit at Karur situated in a 11
acre plot surrounded on all sides by tea plantations and coconut groves. Vasulal
International is a home decor company located in Azhikode, Kannur, Kerala,India .
VISION, MISSION AND VALUES
VISION:
To attain customer satisfaction by delivering nothing but the best, by means of
utilizing the highest quality of resources and world-class systems.
MISSION:
Vasulal International is committed to the consistent upliftment and improvement of
both its products and its responsibilities towards its employees. Striving hard to
achieve highest levels of customer satisfaction through timely deliveries along with
ICM KANNUR 16
enhanced quality and value of all our products.
VALUES:
As a company policy, Vasulal International believes in living and practicing
internationally approved business ethics and norms that distinguish Globe from its
counterparts. Values – honesty, integrity and human dignity, besides ethical approach
in engagements with all connected stakeholders; customers, employees and others,
remain close to our hearts resulting in our hard earned repute and success.
PROMOTERS
Company Name Vasulal International
Company Type Exporter
Business Type Manufacturer
Product type All types of garment wears
Area of Faculty 100000 Sq. feet
Address Azhikode, Kannur, Kerala, 670009
Number of employees 150 – 200
Commencement of Business 1946
Telephone 0497 -2741291
Annual Revenue USD 300000
Annual Exports USD 250000
ICM KANNUR 17
OWNERSHIP & CAPITAL
Registered capital Below USD 100000
Ownership style Partnership
Legal representative P. Sudhakar
Annual turnover 1 million USD
RECOGNITIONS
 Vasulal international is a Star Export house, a recognition given by the government of
India to the exporters for their outstanding performance.
 Vasulal also endorses the BSCI code of conduct, an international initiative for
protecting workers rights.
PRODUCTS
 Mitten
 Garments
 Pot
 Hotbag
 Ovens
 Windbreakers
 Tables
 Tablelinen
 Linens
 Mattresses
ICM KANNUR 18
 Hammocks
 Accessory
 Aprons
 Rugs
 Towel bags
 Futons
 Kitchen apron
 Cushion
 Hot –rolled plain bar in coil
 Hotpot
 Kitchen accessories
 Towels
 Bags
 Well cover
 Cosmetic bags
 Cushion covers
 Parasol
ICM KANNUR 19
3.1 ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
Figure 3.1: Organization Structure
Source: Company Record
ICM KANNUR 20
3.2 PRODUCT PROFILE
In marketing a product is anything that can be offered to a market that might satisfy a
want or need in relating, products are called merchandise. In manufacturing, product
are purchased as raw materials and sold as finished goods, commodities are usually
raw materials such as metals and agriculture products, but a commodity can also be
anything widely available in open market.
A product is the most important variable in the marketing mix of a firm. The concept
of a product is a complex one and it requires careful consideration. It is the centre of
all marketing division. The marketing plan begins with the product and also ends
upon the product. A product is a bundle of utilities consisting of various products,
features and accompanying services.
Definition
A product is defined as anything that is capable of satisfying customer needs. It is the
end result of the manufacturing process, to be offered to the market place to satisfy a
need or want.
Ennis & Robber defines “the product as bundle of benefit (with tangible and
intangible benefits).
To most people, the term product means as tangible goods. In simplest form product
is everything that the purchaser gets in for his money.
ICM KANNUR 21
VASULAL INTERNATIONAL MANUFACTURES THE FOLLOWING
PRODUCTS
GARMENTS : It includes the following products
 Kurtis
 Shirts
 Blouse
 Shorts
 Trousers
 MADE-UP
 Tablemat
 Table runner
 Napkin
 Tablecloth
 Cushion cloth
 Filled cushion
 Chair cover
 Chair pad
 Hammocks
 Aprons
 Potholder
 Kitchen towel
ICM KANNUR 22
FABRICS
In different color and in different design.
PRODUCT FEATURES
A. FUTONS, CUSHIONS AND CUSHIONCOVERS
Cushion range coins in different size and shapes to satiate customer needs for style,
elegance and comfort. At Vasulal they use variety of fills, forms fibers to blend high
density foam. They incorporate layers paddy on frame to add shape, required comfort
and to minimize fabric wear and tear.
B. HAMMOCKS
Hammock collection features exclusive designs and accessories including wood,
pillows, tassels and prints that are substantial in construction and materials. Its size is
usually 130×120 can be adjusted to meet buyer specification.
C. RUGS ANDTHROWS
Woven rugs not only ground the rooms in color and pattern, they add layers of texture
and interest. The company‟s exclusive collection of machine and hand woven rugs
features natural fibers, and cottons, the range boasts of a wide variety to suit every
seasons, occasions or mood.
D. TABLELINEN
A smart seasonal color palette gets a beautiful textural treatment in this tasteful linen.
Hand loomed by the companies local experts artisans traditional techniques, with
multiple bands of specify color to match every mood, seasons or occasions.
ICM KANNUR 23
E. KITCHEN ACCESSORIES, APRON, OVEN MITTENS, POT HOLDERS,
TOWELS AND HOT POT CARRYBOG
Made in bold stripes and bright color, to bring a festive touch to kitchen task as they
brighten the decor. All cotton pocketed apron has adjustable neck strap. Mitten and
pot have hanging loops machine wash.
F. BEDLINEN
It is a bed or pillow cover or sheets and even quite covers all are woven into pleasing
checks, stripes and designed with embroidery and appliqué.
G. CURTAINS
The colorful hand woven curtains are an ideal choice. Curtains are stitched from the
finest or cotton fabrics and woven from heavy textured or light weight cottons and
muslins. Muslin is a cotton Fabric of plain weave. It is made in a wide range of
weight from delicate sheers to coarse sheeting.
H. DHURRIES
I. A dhurri (also dhurri, durrie, durry or dari) is an Indian term for a hand
woven rug or a thin flat carpet, an item of home furnishing. Dhurries are
available in various colors and patterns; they are unlike carpets, it is easy to
maintain and stay good for long.
ICM KANNUR 24
3.3 DEPARMENTAL STUDIES
Vasulal International consists of mainly study of the 6 main departments& they are:
VASULAL
INTERNATIONAL
PURCHASE PRODUCTION PERSONNEL MARKET

DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT
FINANCE QUALITY EXPORT & IMPORT

DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT
Figure 3.3: Various Departments in Vasulal International
Source: Company Records
ICM KANNUR 25
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
The finance department is responsible for managing all the financial administrative
affairs of the company and has a very important influence on many of the policy and
commercial decisions taken by management. The financing of a company‟s
operations require precise timely planning and control in order to ensure that adequate
funds and credits are available when needed.
Apart from the money to pay suppliers, salaries, expenses, etc funds have to
be on hand to finance stocks of raw materials and finished goods. In periods
when trading is difficult and revenues are down, provision has to be
made to cover such periods. Some important functions performed by
this department are:
1. Providing management information
2. Budgeting
3. Garment costing
4. Administration.
1.Management Information:
In the world of business, success or failure is ultimately measured by
money and therefore it is essential that the financial pulse of the company is
under continual measurement. This department is directly responsible for
providing the management with up-to-date information on the current and
future financial status. Some typical reports prepared for management
are: balance sheets, stock levels and values, production costs, operating
ICM KANNUR 26
statements for different departments, cost rejects, returns etc.
2. Budgeting:
The object of budgeting is to plan and control the company‟s activities so as
to maximize profitability, and the starting point for all budgeting is the sales
budget. This is usually drawn up before the begning of each financial year
or season considering the sale to be established and new customers, general
economic trends at home and abroad, manufacturing capacity and
availability of finance. Other budgets considered are: labour costs, material
costs, overheads, and departmental budgets.
3. Garment costing:
It is the „identity card‟ of the garment and contains all the information required for the
pre-production and production stages making garments. The costing sheet shows the
detailed costs for:
1) Material,
2) Labor,
3) Fixed and variable overheads,
4) Other expenses.
The information for garment costing comes from various sources: sample section,
cutting room, break down time values and costs involved in cutting, sewing and
finishing, costs of trims and materials, overhead costs from finance department.
Administration:
All the departments in a Textile industry require administrative support for their
operations to ensure orderly and systematic functioning.
ICM KANNUR 27
The procedures covered are:
 Preparing orders to supplies,
 Checking goods inwards,
 Timing and methods for stocktaking,
 Imports and exports,
 Obtaining credits for returned goods and materials,
 Issuing credits for customer returns,
 Negotiating and issuing tenders for major projects,
 Purchase of office furniture and equipment etc.
A Textile business has „up-front‟ departments such as design, marketing and
production and the fact that they function smoothly is the result of good
administrative support.
ICM KANNUR 28
3.4 ORGANISATION CHART OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT IN
VASULAL INTERNATIONAL
Accounts Manager
Deputy Manager of Accounts
Senior Assistant
Junior Assistant
Figure 3.3. : Organization Chart of Finance Department in Vasulal International
Vasulal International has separate finance department which is well maintained and
has separate account officer in charge of the department .
ICM KANNUR 29
PURCHASE DEPARTMENT
A purchase department, also called procurement department or purchasing
department, supports operations by serving as the primary buyer of goods and
services in a private sector company, government agency, educational institution or
another type of organization.
The purchasing department serves the needs of internal customers by procuring the
good and services they need in a timely manner. The purchasing staff also serves the
organization‟s financial wellness by seeking out and purchasing goods and services
that offer the lowest prices and best value.
A purchasing department must understand the complexities of the operation it
supports and the markets that provide goods or services to meet its objectives. Today,
the duties and responsibilities of a purchasing officer expand far beyond procuring
office furniture and supplies to include complex network technology equipment,
acquisition of workspaces and international travel needs.
The purchasing department of textile industry is similar to the sourcing department
but the main difference is that the sourcing department works for sourcing the fabrics
alone while the purchasing department works for sourcing the accessories and trims.
However, the working procedure is the same.
The merchandisers give the tech pack and the BOM (Bill Of Materials) for a
particular style to the purchasing department and the concerned person will start the
further process and for costing purposes the in-house price is given like, the cost
ICM KANNUR 30
involved in the production and also the price involved for a unit involved with respect
to the complete procedure involved for its production.
The main duty of purchasing department is to supply every other department with the
material needed to perform the task required. Every piece of material that a company
uses to either produce a product it sells or document the sale of that product has to go
through the purchasing department often interact with other departments in order to
determine the needs of the organization.
PURCHASING PROCESS
The purchasing process of Vasulal international textiles are as follows:
1. Supplier information is available with respect to record of their qualification
and subsequent performances.
2. Suppliers can be disqualified for performance or other justifiable reasons
during management review.
3. Material specifications are referred to in enquired and purchase order.
4. Managing Director (MD) can authorize emergency purchase.
PURCHASING INFORMATION
Following raw materials are purchased by Vasulal International for the production
process
 Yarn
 Button
ICM KANNUR 31
 Rope
 Curtain
 Lace
 Zips
 Elastic
 Labels
 Poly bag sticker
 Lape
 Hanger sticker
SUPPLIERS OF VASULAL INTERNATIONAL
 Bhagvan Ganesh Pai Co.Cannanore
 Sree Ram Trading Company, Cannanore
 Sagar enterprises,Cannanore
 Cannanore Co-operative Spinning Mill Ltd.,Cannanore
 Veltal Spinning Mill Ltd., Erode
 KGS Mills, Ciombatore
 Pallava Textiles Ltd.,Salem
ICM KANNUR 32
 Sunil Textiles, Eruvatty
 Vk & Sons weaving works, Kadirur.
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
Vasulal Textiles produces a variety of product, for example fabrics, made-ups
and garments. The production process in any organization generally involves
three steps.
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Figure 3.5: Basic Steps involved in Production
Source: Secondary Data
INPUT
Men, Material, Money, Management & Methods are the necessary inputs required for
the production of the organization.
In Vasulal International the raw materials are available in the form of yarn which is
made into tangible goods as output. The other necessary items for the making of
garments are buttons, cartons, sewing threads, label stitches and so on.
PROCESS
Process is the fundamental activity which converts the input into output. It also
involves any activity or group of activities that takes one or more inputs transformed
ICM KANNUR 33
and value to them and provides one or more output for its customers. In Vasulal the
manufacturing process involves the following steps.
1) Conversion of yarn to fabric
2) Weaving
3) Pattern Making
4) Sample Making
5) Spreading
6) Fabric Cutting
7) Stitching
8) Checking/Inspection
9) Labeling and Packing
1. CONVERSION OF YARN TO FABRIC : As per the order the yarn is
purchased from the outside and it is verified and maintained. The main input at
Vasulal is cotton yarn. This yarn is passed through various stages and they are:-
Figure 3.6: Order pattern
Source: Primary Data
ICM KANNUR 34
COTTON YARN
KIER BOILING
SCOURING
BLEACHING
WHITE SCOURING
DYEING
WINDIN
G
MILL WARPING
WEAVING
Figure 3.7: Production Process
ICM KANNUR 35
KIER BOILING
Fiber contains various types of impurities and moisture. To remove these impurities,
the yarn is boiled and bleached before dyeing. At most care must be taken during the
boiling process in order to control the quantity of chemical used, quantity of water
temperature and duration of the process. Equipment used for boiling kier is called kier
boiler. In Vasulal the yarn are boiled for eight hours to remove impurities and it helps
the yarn to absorb nicely and also color to stay for a long time.
SCOURING
Scouring process is done to remove further impurities. Neutralized alkaline is used for
this process and other chemicals either Hydrochloric acid or Sulphuric acid are also
used. In Vasulal they use Sulphuric acid for this process.
BLEACHING
Scouring removes all impurities except the color which is removed by
bleaching. Bleaching is not necessary if the yarn is to be colored.
WHITE SCOURING
This is not necessary process. This is done only if the Fiber is required whiter.
DYEING
This is the most important process. Dyeing means coloration of the fiber through
applied chemistry. In Vasulal, they first add the color then some hot water to which
they add sodium hydro sulphate and mixes thoroughly and finally adding caustic soda
flakes. Only then the color stay in yarn, otherwise the yarn will not absorb the color.
ICM KANNUR 36
WINDING
Winding machines and Reeling machines are used for winding process. Winding
process changes the structure of yarn. The cop obtained from the ring frame is not
appropriate to be processed further. Therefore it is converted in to cone shape
appearance. Been ready in form or cone, it could be shipped to the consumer for its
final use.
WARPING AND WEAVING
In vasulal International, there is no separate section for warping and weaving. All
warping and weaving process are carried out in different parts of kannur. There are
small textiles for doing this. If any order is received by the company, they will
appoint any other firm to prepare the product according to the consumer‟s choice.
These firms will weave the cloth according to the sample given by the company and
return it to the company.
1. WEAVING
In Vasulal there is no separate section for weaving. Weaving processes are
carried out in different parts of Kannur. These firms will weave the cloth
according to the sample given by the company and return it to the company.
2. PATTERN MAKING
The pattern maker now develops the first pattern for the designs in any one
standard size. This is made by the pattern drafting method and purpose of
making this pattern is to create the sample garment for test fit. All the
ICM KANNUR 37
specifications and measurements come from the buyer.
Figure 3.8: Pattern Making
Source: Primary Data
3. SAMPLE MAKING
The first pattern is send to the sewing unit for assembling them in to
garments. This sample is constructed to analyze the pattern fit and design.
Sample garment manufacturing is to be done by an efficient and technically
sound person. After the sample, garment is stitched.
 SAMPLING INCHARGE
Responsible for,
 Planning and controlling the development of sample.
ICM KANNUR 38
 Developing samples based on instruction.
 Monitoring ofsampling.
 Coordinating other sections in connection with samples.
 SAMPLING ASSISTANT
Responsible for,
 Maintenance of approved samples with proper identification.
 Maintenance of records on sampling.
 General maintenance of sample room.
 Sending samples for approval.
4. SPREADING
It is the process of arranging fabrics on spreading table as per length and width of the
marker in stock room. Normally the height of lay/fabric is limited up to a maximum
of 6 inches. The laying table should have the capacity to hold the whole fabric lay and
the cutting machines weight. No other materials other than fabric lay should be there
on the laytable.
5. FABRIC CUTTING
On the fabric lay, the marker paper is placed carefully and accurately and pinned with
the fabric to avoid the unwanted movement or displacement of the marker paper.
6. STITCHING
The sorted bundles of fabrics are now ready to stitch. Vasulal has got well equipped
ICM KANNUR 39
separate stitching department with well trained workers working in this department.
Most of them are women. Around 50 women are working in this department. A well
qualified pattern master gives all the guidance to the workers.
7. CHECKING OR INSPECTION
Each and every garment after sewing process passes through the inspection point,
where the garments are thoroughly checked to find the defects. The defects may be
defective stitching, missing stitching, loose stitch, label missing, stains, size variation
etc. If it is possible to overcome the defect, the garment is sent to the respective
person for quality check.
8. LABELING AND PACKING
The products thus made is packed and labeled in packing department and it is
exported to respected countries.
OUTPUT
Output is the final product. In Vasulal, mainly producing items are furnishing
materials such as curtain, sofa cover and kitchen accessories, made-up‟s and
garments.
ICM KANNUR 40
3.9. ORGANIZATION CHART
Figure 3.9. : Organization Chart of Production Department
ICM KANNUR 41
PROCESS FLOW CHART
PACKING
FINAL INSPECTION
DISPATCH
Figure 3.10.: Process Flow Chart
ICM KANNUR 42
PLANT LAYOUT
One of the first duties of the project engineer will be to develop the plant layout,
which Serve as a starting point of many of the specialized design function.
Plant layout is the arrangement of machines, work areas and service areas within a
factory. Plant layout involves the development of physical relationship among
building, equipment and production operations, which will enable the manufacturing
process to be carried on efficiently.
Plant layout can have a large impact on plant economics. Additional space tends to
increase safety, but is expensive in terms of land, additional piping, and operating
costs. Space needs to be provided where it is necessary for safety but not wasted.
Vasulal International maintained a process layout. In process layout, the work
stations and machinery are not arranged according to a particular production
sequence. Instead, there is an assembly of similar operations or similar
machinery in each department.
It is also known as function layout. In this layout machining operation are performed
in group together and not arranged according to any sequence.
PLANT LAYOUT OF VASULAL INTERNATIONAL
At Vasulal textile, machine arranged according to their function. That is, all stitching
materials in stitching department, all packing materials in packing department and all
dyeing process in dyeing section. In Vasulal International, all the plants are situated in
Kannur itself.
ICM KANNUR 43
QUALITY DEPARTMENT
Quality management ensures that an organization, product or service is consistent. It
has four main components: quality planning, quality assurance, quality control and
quality improvement. Quality management is focused not only on product and service
quality, but also on the means to achieve it.
Quality may be defined as the level of acceptance of a goods or services. For the
textile and apparel industry, product quality is calculated in terms of quality and
standard of fibers, yarns, fabric construction, color fastness, designs and the final
finished garments.
Certain quality related problems, often seen in garment manufacturing like
sewing, color, sizing, or garment defects should never be overlooked.
1. Sewing defects:
Open seams, wrong stitching techniques, non- matching threads, missing stitches,
improper creasing of the garment, improper thread tension etc. are some of the sewing
defects.
2. Color defects:
Variation of color between the sample and the final garment, wrong color
combinations and mismatching dyes.
3. Sizing defects:
Wrong gradation of sizes, difference in measurement of various parts of a garment
like sleeves of XL size for body of L size garment can deteriorate the garments
ICM KANNUR 44
beyond repair.
4. Finished garment defects:
Broken or defective buttons, snaps, stitches, different shades within the same garment,
dropped stitches, exposed notches, fabric defects, holes, faulty zippers, loose or
hanging sewing threads, misaligned buttons and holes, missing buttons, needle cuts,
pulled or loose yarn, stains, unfinished buttonhole, short zippers, inappropriate
trimmings etc. all can lead to the end of a brand name even before its establishment.
TQM spells like:
Total means satisfying all stake customers. Quality means sustained customer focus.
Management means continuous improvement with facts and data based decisions in a
planned way.
TQM is defined as: “TQM is the process of achieving agreed customer requirements
at the lowest effective cost by bringing the talents of all the employee.
1. STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE:
This level describes methodology in detail defining the responsibility, Authority &
Inter Relation of various functions towards the achievement of quality objective stated
in QM.
2. TECHNICAL& ALLIED DOCUMENTS (TAD):
This document contains specifications, particulars about the process, product and
system.
ICM KANNUR 45
3. WORKING DOCUMENTS (WKD):
There are documents which are issued more frequently particularly to the department
concerned for internal communication purpose whose quality related activities are
carried out such as product intent, purchase intent etc.
4.WORK INSTRUCTION(WI):
This level describes in detail how specific quality related is to be performed at the
shop floor level keeping a view of the complexity& nature of work involved.
5. FORMATS &RECORDS:
This is the level by which the effectiveness of quality system is demonstrated.
ICM KANNUR 46
PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT
Traditionally, personal management is concerned primarily with five basic systems –
recruiting, training, and compensation whereas if we integrate the system to other
organizational functions/systems with more concern on human aspect then this term
becomes HRM.
Textile is industry oriented field where lots of processes are there to carry out raw
material/fibers to finished garment. In this we have required technical skilful and
motivated peoples. For textile, a little bit differences in the scope, approach in HR
concept, because here peoples think differently, expect differently. In textile,
environment is different as compare to other origination or industry, here more
interaction to be carryout around 80% manager spend time in handling of human
resources. A very common problem always exist in every textile oriented that is
conflict ( grievance) in intra department or in worker and management, so this HR
(HRM) play as a tool to resoles this problem efficiently. HRM increase the
communication, coordination and involvement so that chances of misunderstanding
will be minimum. Even in organizations with educated and experienced staff, due to
the lack of cooperation on part of the management, the department cannot carry out its
function.
The basic concept of HRM is to attract and retain the right person at right place in
right time with right remuneration. In textile HRM should appoint the skillful employ
at the right ,appropriate ,correct place where hr express his capabilities ,because if we
place sensitive people at spinning production then he will face so many problems. For
ICM KANNUR 47
textile, it is compulsory to that the company treat the employee as an asset of the
company. A simple human transform as a asset by selection of right person for right
place & trained him and provide adequate career development opportunity. In textile a
major issues is the wages and salary with time (promotional), so HR took care about
that and make structure in such way that it satisfies both i.e., worker (employees) and
management.
ICM KANNUR 48
PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT POLICY IN VASULAL
INTERNATIONAL
It is Vasulal International endeavor to select, Place, Develop & Maintain competent
personnel at all functional positions within the organization. Some of the objectives of
this department are :
 Define job requirements.
 Evaluate & select the right personnel.
 Provide career plan for employees.
 Identify training needs and provide them.
 Develop personnel skills through job enrichment.
ELEMENTS OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT IN VASULAL
INTERNATIONAL
LABOUR
RELATIO
NS
HEALTH
AND EMPLOYME
SAFETY NT
PERSONN
EL
DEPARTME
NT
TRAININGAN WAGESAN
D D
DEVELOPME SALAR
NT Y
Figure 3.12 : Elements of Personnel Department in Vasula International
ICM KANNUR 49
TABLE NO: 3.13
WORK SCHEDULE
Working hours 8:15 AM to 6:00 PM
Tea break 10:30 AM to 11:00 AM
Lunch break 1:00 PM to 2:00 PM
Interval 4:15 PM to 4:30 PM
TABLE NO:3.14
NUMBER OF WORKERS IN VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS
DEPARTMENT WORKERS
Administrative staff 14
Dyeing section 05
Fabric receiving & 09
checking section
Purchase department 04
fabric store department 25
Stitching department 25
Packing and checking 39
Department
Contract workers around Around 100
Source : Company Records
ICM Kannur 50
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
Marketing refers to activities a company undertakes to promote the buying or selling
of a product or service. In 2017, The New York Times described it as "the art of
telling stories so enthralling that people lose track of their wallets. It is one of the
primary components of business management and commerce.
The Marketing Department plays a vital role in promoting the business and mission of
an organization. It serves as the face of your company, coordinating and producing all
materials representing the business. It is the Marketing Department's job to reach out
to prospects, customers, investors and/or the community, while creating an
overarching image that represents company in a positive light.
The marketing department in a garment company is responsible for marketing
products made by the factory, finding new customers, and bringing more and more
orders for the company. A marketing department is headed by the marketing manager
and supported marketing-team.
 They meet with prospects and existing buyers. They show their latest product
development (designs) to the buyer. They are given responsibility for business
development for the company.
 This department showcases factory‟s ability for developing new designs, factory
compliance, and quality policy and quality performance.
 The most common marketplace for manufacturers is international apparel shows
and exhibitions, where buyers and sellers meet to find each other. In the
exhibition, buyers pick their interesting design and place orders if their target
ICM Kannur 51
price is met.
 In this internet age, garment factories build websites for marketing purpose and
increase their visibility to potential customers. Small factories post their product
in online yellow pages and do content marketing to reach a bigger market. Social
Media like Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter are used as marketing tools.
 More than just developing new clients, retaining existing customer is also
important. To retain your existing customers, you need to satisfy your customers
by shipping quality products and timely delivery and providing quality services.
 The main mantra to retain customers and making them marketer for you is to
deliver more than you are paid for. Deliver more than commitment and customer
expectations.
According to Philip Kotler, marketing is a “social or managerial process by which
individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating and
exchanging products and value with others”.
ICM Kannur 52
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF MARKETING DEPARTMENT:
MARKETING MANAGER
MARKETING MARKETING EXECUTIVE MARKETING

EXECUTIVE EXECUTIVE
SALESMAN SALESMAN
Figure 3.15: Organizational Chart of Marketing Department
ICM Kannur 53
MARKETING PROCESS
Vasulal International textiles have a perfect marketing department in which all the
buyers and sellers have a definite transaction within. The marketing process has been
defined in a clear cut way.
From each unit, the material required are purchased and stock is entered in the register
with defends which relates quality of each of them. Based on requirements, the yarn is
purchased and verified in connection with the weaving requirements. That is applied
for stitching embroideries are revaluated and ensured.
All the particles are made up of 100% cotton, cotton/ viscose, cotton/ linen and 100%
polyester. It is available in Different size and color specification. The organization
ensures that customer requirements are determined and also maintenance of customer
satisfaction, customer related process which covers determination and review of
requirements related to the product.
There are more than two suppliers for yarn in Kerala and also outside the Kerala such
as in Chidambaram, Salem, and Erode etc. There are also Fabrics and made-ups
suppliers in Kerala. The accessory items such as label stickers and so on are also
supplied from various suppliers in Kerala and outside the Kerala. The main buyers of
this units are INDISKA, ISHELA, Craft Studio etc.
The company exports the products to various continents. The company having an
excellent 210 feedback system from customers, dealers, distributors; there by always
giving trust to new product development and customer satisfaction. They regularly
exports to various countries. The company makes the purchase by using trend systems
ICM Kannur 54
and quotations.
Goods supplied are checked for good condition and stored in each unit entering into
concern‟s inward register.
MARKETING ACTIVITIES
Vasulal International follows two types of marketing activities they are,
 Direct marketing
 Outside agencies
A) DIRECT MARKETING
This channel consists of manufactures and consumers. There are no intermediaries at
all. This type of marketing is also called as zero level channel of distribution.
MANUFACTURER CONSUMER
Figure 3.16: Direct Marketing
B) OUTSIDEAGENCIES
The main function of outside agencies is to enquire and check firm goods.
EXPORT AND IMPORT DIVISION
Vasulal is one of the leading textile manufacturers/ exporters of Home Textiles and
Garments in South India with a number of high-tech manufacturing units under its
wings.
ICM Kannur 55
At Vasulal, they aim at perfection and quality, worship work, maintains standards and
meets deadlines. They have wide experience in woven cotton, linen, and blended
fabrics make our home-textiles and garments superior in quality. Products undergo
multilevel quality tests before they are exported. And a wide range of Home and
Outdoor textile products ranging from napery to bed linen, curtains, to lifestyle
textiles, are specially handpicked and customized to enhance the lifestyle of worthy
customers all over the US, Europe, and Middle East.
Vasulal have kept abreast with changing nature of the Textile industry and have
always been pioneers in embracing new technologies. The strong R&D division
provides immense support by blending the heritage-rich textile culture of Kannur with
emerging global trends.
An export in international trade is a good or service produced in one country that is
sold into another country. The seller of such goods and services is an exporter; the
foreign buyer is an importer. Export of goods often requires the involvement of
customer‟s authorities.
EXPORT
Functions:
1. Quotations or Performa invoice is send to the customers along with the details
of products or be supplied with samples wherever required for the approval.
2. Export orders are obtained against payment through L/C other than payment.
3. Once the price is approved. The customer offers L/C and other required
documents.
ICM Kannur 56
4. On conformation of order, the opening of L/C is strictly required for the
foreign buyer for the delivery.
5. As soon as the cargo is ready for the shipment to the nearest port as desired for
stuffing to the importers port from factory.
6. The cargo is handled over at the port by WIP‟s clearing agents to the customs
authority.
7. At the least possible time the ARM form is submitted to the central excise
department
8. Once the shipment is made B/L is given by the foreign buyer with WIP,
negotiates with buyers immediately
9. After negotiation, the dispatch certificate & L/C is given to the customs
authority from the banker.
10. Proper care and supervisions are given to all the process for exporting in
international market.
11. Sufficient care is taken for the price for export, cost reduction, financial return
and everything.
IMPORT
1. Before placing the orders, it has to be ensured that provision of the import&
Export Control Policy is strictly adhered.
2. Enquiries or Requests for Performa invoice are sent to potential buyers.
ICM Kannur 57
3. User department selects the suitable suppliers.
4. Firm orders are placed with suppliers against their offers for capital goods, raw
materials etc.
5. After placement of orders it is ensured that order confirmation & dispatch of
materials are strictly followed.
6. On arrival of cargo by Sea or Air, Payment of bill is arranged through the
bakers.
7. While filling the bill of clearance, it has to be scrutinized & Ensures correct
rate of customs duty.
8. Clearance of the Cargo from the customs port & transport of goods are
arranged. All the details are filled in the eternal Excise department for import.
ICM Kannur 58
CHAPTER - IV
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
ICM Kannur 59
CHAPTER – IV
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
DATA ANALYSIS
Data analysis is defined as a process of cleaning, transforming, and modelling data
to discover useful information for Project decision making. The purpose of Data
Analysis is to extract useful information from data and taking the decision based
upon the data analysis.
Data Analysis Process
The Data Analysis Process is nothing but gathering information by using a proper
application or tool which allows you to explore the data and find a pattern in it.
Based on that information and data, you can make decisions, or you can get
ultimate conclusions.
Data Analysis consists of the following phases:
 Data Requirement Gathering
 Data Collection
 Data Cleaning
 Data Analysis
 Data Interpretation
 Data Visualization
ICM Kannur 60
Data Interpretation
Data Interpretation is the process of reviewing data through some predefined
processes which will help assign some meaning to the data and arrive at a relevant
conclusion. It involves taking the result of data analysis. Data analysis is the
process of ordering, categorizing, manipulating, and summarizing data to obtain
answers to research questions. It is usually the first step taken towards data
interpretation.
In this project we identified and used some data interpretation methods to make
interpretation. Below are the few analysis tools used in this project.
1. Graphical Analysis
2. Percentage analysis
1. Graphical Analysis
The graphical analysis creates pictures of the data, and this will helps to understand
the patterns and also the correlation between process parameters. The Graphical
analysis is “the method of analysis which performs graphing by taking the input
from data tables”.‟ It is used for calculating tangents, integrals, statistics, and
interpolations. It can be performed by creating charts, graphs, figures, data tables,
histograms, and FFTs (Fast Fourier Transforms).
2. Percentage Analysis
The response of the employees in each questionnaire are analyzed and for better
understanding of those collected data, percentage analysis is used in making
comparison between two or more series of data and are presented in tabular form
ICM Kannur 61
and also presented pictorially by the way of pie chart in order to have a better
quality. Here the analysis is maid one by one in the same sequence of questions as
they appear in the questionnaire.
Percentage of the respondents = Number of respondents X 100
Total no.of respondents
This chapter deals with analysis of data collected from 100 respondents. The collected
data are classified, coded, tabulated and analysed with the help of tools like
Percentage, Scaling, Ranking etc. The analysed variables are presented below
ICM Kannur 62
4.1 DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
TABLE NO. 4.1

AGE CLASSIFICATION OF WORKERS
Age of respondents No of respondents
20- 35 years 17
35- 45 years 46
45-55 years 34
Above 55 years 3
Total 100
FIGURE NO.4.1
AGE CLASSIFICATION OF WORKERS
AGE CLASSIFICATION OF EMPLOYEES
46
50
40 34
30
17
20
10 3
0
20- 35 years 35- 45 years 45-55 years Above 55 years
INTERPRETATION
The table and figure 4.1 shows that majority of the employees belongs to the age
group of 35-45 and 45-55 years and only 3% of employees are above 55 years.
ICM Kannur 63
TABLE NO : 4 .2
PRODUCTS IN THE ORGANIZATION

NAME OF THE PRODUCT PERCENTAGE OF PRODUCT
Made ups 75
Garments 20
Fabrics 5
FIGURE NO. 4 .2
PRODUCTS IN THE ORGANIZATION
PERCENTAGE OF PRODUCT
75
80
60
40 20
20 5
0
Made ups
Garments
Fabrics
PERCENTAGE OF PRODUCT
INTERPRETATION
The above diagram provides information about the product produced in the
organization. There are 3 categories of products produced such as made ups,
garments, fabrics. The 75% of the diagram indicates the made ups, 2% indicates the
garments and 5% represents the fabrics.
ICM Kannur 64
TABLE NO :4.3
QUALITY OF VASULAL PRODUCTS
PARTICULARS NO. OF PERCENTAGE
RESPONDENTS
Declining 10 9%
Increasing 51%
Constant 106 26%
Don‟t know 54 14%
Total 100 100%
FIGURE NO.4 3 :
PERCENTAGE QUALITY OF PRODUCT
QUALITY OF VASULAL PRODUCTS
60% 51%
50%
40%
26%
30% PERCENTAGE
14%
20% 9%
10%
0%
Declining Increasing Constant Don’t know
INTERPRETATION
From the above table it is clear that 51% of the respondents inclined to increase the
quality of the product, whereas 26% of them say that quality of the product is
constant.
ICM Kannur 65
TABLE NO : 4.4
WORKERS IN THE ORGANIZATION
WORKERS GENTS LADIES
Permanent workers 80 120
Contract workers 45 80
FIGURE NO. 4.4 :
PERMANENT WORKERS V/S CONTRACT WORKERS
WORKERS IN THE ORGANIZATION

120
80
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Permanent workers Contract workers
LADIES
INTERPRETATION
Total number of workers in the organization is 200 permanent workers and 100
contract workers. 120 ladies and 80 gents are worked as permanent workers and 45
gents‟ staffs and 80 ladies staffs are contract workers.
ICM Kannur 66
TABLE NO. 4.5

WORKING CONDITION
Opinion No of respondents
Excellent 46
Good 32
Average 22
Total 100
FIGURE NO. 4.5

WORKING CONDITION
WORKING CONDITION
46
50 32
40 22
30
20
10
0
Excellent Good Average
Percentage
INTERPRETATION
This figure shows that 46% of employees feels the working condition is excellent, also
32% and 22% employees feels the working condition as good and average
respectively. Though most of the employees are satisfied with working conditions.
ICM Kannur 67
TABLE NO. 4.5

EFFECTIVENESS OF TRAINING
Excellent 44
Good 38
Average 18
Total 100
FIGURE NO. 4.5

44
38
50
40
18
30
20
10
0
Excellent Good Average
No of respondents
INTERPRETATION
The figure 4.5 shows the effectiveness of training provided by the society, most of the
employees are satisfied with the training and among that 44% employees are highly
satisfied.
ICM Kannur 68
TABLE NO. 4.6

SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES WITH THE MONITORY BENIFITS
Excellent 27
Good 45
Average 26
Below average 2
Total 100
FIGURE NO.4.6
SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES WITH THE MONITORY BENIFITS
SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES WITH THE MONITORY

BENIFITS
45
50
27
40 26
30
20 2
10
0
Excellent Good Average Below average
No of respondents
INTERPRETATION
The table 4.2 and figure 4.2 explains that majority of the employees consider the
monitory benefits as good and 27% as excellent, at the same time 26% of employees
consider it only as average and 2% as below average. Thus it would be concluded that
majority of the workers are satisfied with the monitory benefits.
ICM Kannur 69
TABLE NO. 4.7

LEVEL OF SATISFACTION WITH MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Excellent 40
Good 33
Average 26
Below average 1
Total 100
FIGURE NO.4.7
LEVEL OF SATISFACTION WITH MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
LEVEL OF SATISFACTION WITH MANAGEMENT

PRACTICES
40
33
40 26
30
20 1
10
0
Excellent Good Average Below average
No of respondents
INTERPRETATION
The figure 4.7 shows that 40% of employees are highly satisfied with the management
practices, 38% employees feels it good and only 28% and 1% employees feel the
management practices average and below average.
ICM Kannur 70
4.1 SWOT ANALYSIS
A SWOT analysis is a compilation of your company's strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats. The primary objective of a SWOT analysis is to help
organizations develop a full awareness of all the factors involved in making a
business decision.
The primary objective of a SWOT analysis is to help organizations develop a full
awareness of all the factors involved in making a business decision. This method was
created in the 1960s by Albert Humphrey of the Stanford Research Institute, during a
study conducted to identify why corporate planning consistently failed. Since its
creation, SWOT has become one of the most useful tools for business owners to start
and grow their companies.
ICM Kannur 71
STRENGTH
 World famous company
 Benefit received from the government.
 Better co-operation with subordinates.
 Large number of customer in foreign markets.
WEAKNESS
 Less productivity due to handloom work
 Less promotional measures.
 Benefits are not received by the local people.
OPPORTUNITY
 High quality product
 When the production shift from handloom opportunity will arise.
THREATS
 Un availability of workers
 Due to handloom work, it affects the production.
 Indirect contact with customers.
ICM Kannur 72
CHAPTER - V
FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
ICM Kannur 73
5.1 FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION FINDING
 The firm has undertaken certain control techniques which helps in
manufacturing product to world class standards.
 Being a large business unit, all the departments are well organized and
managed by different managers, and all the departments are functioning very
well and active
 The organization structure is divided into several units like Finance,
Marketing, operation& quality, and Human Resource etc. These all
departments are headed by different units but at the same time they work
toward same objective with full coordination which shows the unity level of
the organization.
 Vasulal Internal has a strong workforce involving experienced workers which
ensures the efficiency of work. Most of the employees are at the age above40.
 Vasulal international is a Star Export house, a recognition given by the
government of India to the exporters for their outstanding performance.
 Vasulal also endorses the BSCI code of conduct, an international initiative for
protecting workers rights.
 Promotional expense is veryless.
 Human resource management is very professional that it provides efficient and
skilled personnel.
 Vasulal Textile is having good reputation in customer mind. It helps to market
the products easily.
ICM Kannur 74
 Canteen facility is notavailable.
 The company is not fully computerized.
 Labor issues are veryless.
 No employees were terminated during pandemic.
 The company was no exception to the hardships created by corona virus.
However, they have implemented polices that helped the organization to
rebound from total slack during lockdown. Further, steps were taken to ensure
that employees have a safe working environment.
ICM Kannur 75
RECOMMENDATIONS
 The Vasulal international should adopt proper financial planning.
 Adopt new technological machines for production.
 Improve the market strategies.
 Relationship between management and workers must be improved for better
and smooth functioning of the organization.
 The company should also concentrate on the wastage occurred in the
production process in the cutting section and also the company should take
policies to reduce the wastage too.
 New policies and hiring tools should be adopted for attracting young
employees which will improve the creative side of the organization.
ICM Kannur 76
CONCLUSION
VASULAL INTERNATINAL is one of the leading companies which export its
variety products to various countries around the world. The study at Vasulal
International has enabled me to understand the various needs of an organization, how
an organization of a corporate nature functions and how important it is to have a right
relationship between the employee and employer or the management.
Unemployment became a key issue during the Covid 19 pandemic. But Vasulal
International was an exception. They extended all kinds of support to their employees.
No employee was terminated due to the crisis faced by the industry resulting from
covid19 pandemic. Due to robust planning and forecasting the company was able to
quickly overcame the challenges posed by economic slowdown. During this pandemic
situation Vasulal International has provided sustainable employment to the employees
which show corporate responsibility to the society.
At Vasulal, every product is woven in modern technology blended with traditional
value. They produce and export Home Decor Textiles, Beddings, Table linen &
Napery, Kitchen textiles, Bath Linen, Outdoor Textiles and Garments in Cotton,
Linen, Rayon and blends as well as Acrylic & PVC coated fabric. They are also
specialists in western garments- woven as well as knit, that are supplied to USA,
Europe, Australia, Middle East and South America. Their artisanal heritage keeps
them rooted and is a continuous source of inspiration in all their efforts.
The study was conducted with a view to understand the functions of an organization,
and its various departments. During the course of study I was successful in achieving
ICM Kannur 77
these objectives and could familiarize with an organization and its environment. “This
study has improved my confidence by its successful completion to undertake such
studies in the future.”
ICM Kannur 78
ANNEXURES
ICM Kannur 79
BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOKS
 Kothari C R - Research Methodology, New Delhi, New Age International
Publishers,2004
 Pandey I M- Financial Management, New Delhi, VikasPublishing House Pvt.
Ltd,2009
 Aswanthappa K and Shridhara Bhat K – Production and Operation
Management, Mumbai, Published by Himalaya Publishing House Pvt.
Ltd.2009
 Philip Kotler, Kevin Lane Keller, Abraham Koshy, Mithileshwar Jha-
Marketing Management, New Delhi, Published by Dorling Kindersley Pvt.
Ltd,2009
 Company internal documents and publications.
WEBSITES
 http://www.vasulal.com/about
 https://blog.saleslayer.com/10-responsibilities-marketing-departments
 https://www.ibef.org/industry/textiles.aspx
 https://niti.gov.in/weaving-way-indian-textile-industry
ICM Kannur 80
QUESTIONNAIRE
1. Age of the worker
a) 20- 35 years c) 45-55 years
b) 35- 45 years d) Above 55 years
2. Are you a permanent worker?
a) Yes b) No
3. Whether the quality of the product is-
a) Declining c) Constant
b) Increasing d) Don‟t know
4. How is the present working condition of the company?
a) Excellent c) Average
b) Good d) Below average
5. How is the effectiveness of training conducted in the company?
6. What is your opinion about monetary benefits from the company?
7. What is your opinion about present management practices in the
company?
ICM Kannur 81
ICM Kannur 82

Welfare

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Welfare

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

A Study on Vasulal International With Special Reference to Production Department, Kannur

textile industry continues to be the second largest employment generating sector in

India. It offers direct employment to over 35 million in the country.

disposed by the trust in1960‟s.

A textile is a flexible woven material consisting of a network of natural or artificial

Today‟s, India‟s textile sector comprise 4 important segments:

VASULAL INTERNATIONALS is an ISO 9001 certified company who has 58 years

VASULAL aims at perfection , worship work ,maintain prescribed standard ,meet

factories and office at Kannur, Coimbatore, Erode and Karur.

1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

analysis of various activities involved in each departments.

1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THESTUDY

following specific objectives:-

 To study the functioning of various departments of the company.

 To expose the work environment existing in an industrial concern and to

understand about the general work place behavior

 To understand the strength and weakness of the company.

 To recommend the suggestion based on the findings.

 To know the standard operating procedure followed in the company.

 To familiarize with various functions of the organisation.

 To acquire practical experience in the organisation.

1.3 SCOPE OF THESTUDY

 The organization is engaged in exports of furnishing textiles and garments.

how materials are used effectively.

1.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

According to Kothari (2004), research methodology is a method to analytically

explain the research problem. It may be described as a science of analysis how

research is done systematically.

managers and employees of various department of the organization.

annual report, journal, company website etc.

1.5 PERIOD OF STUDY

The Organizational Study at Vasulal International is conducted for a period of 2

weeks I.e., from 22/11/2021 to 4/12/2021

1.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

 Lack co-operation from certain departments due to their workload.

the same thing repeatedly to many students.

 The project is only a general study of the organization without giving

importance to profitability and resources.

 Time was major limiting factor

1.7 CHAPTER SCHEME

This project report is divided into five chapters

Chapter 1 :The first chapter is introduction of the study.

Chapter 2 :The second chapter consists of industry profile.

Chapter 3 :The third chapter consists of profile of the organization.

Chapter 4 :The fourth chapter consists of data analysis and interpretation.

Chapter 5 :The fifth chapter consists of findings, suggestions and conclusions.

PROFILE OF THE INDUSTRY

2.1 TEXTILE INDUSTRY

as distribution and use of textiles.

projected to witness a CAGR of approximately 4.4% during the forecast period to

reach approximately USD 1,230 billion by 2024, according to a recentreport.

can be technical or conventional depending on their intended use. Technical textiles

include jackets and shoes.

trends and growth follow this rule as well.

manufacturing base. Our economy is largely dependent on the textile manufacturing

domestic product of the country. Around 8% of total excise revenue collection is

people are directly employed in the textile manufacturing activities. Indirect

employment including the manpower engaged in agricultural based raw material

HISTORY OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY

in 3400 BC. The discovery of machines and their widespread applications in

source of natural fiber. The development of transportation and communication

INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY

Spinning andWeaving Company. This Industrycan be basically categorized into two