Professional Documents
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[DATE]
[COMPANY NAME]
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DISCLAIMER
The following document has been compiled with the inputs from the current students and makes
only for a suggestive list. The actual interview questions may be entirely different from these and
could be based on the interviewee’s background. We suggest all the candidates to use this
document as a reference and try to come up with questions relevant to their profiles.
Apart from the suggested questions here, the general interview tips on the way of presentation,
being confident about the answers, and so on should be kept in mind. We suggest a couple of
mock interviews would help get over any initial hiccups.
AWT Tips
1. Read the passage carefully to understand the essence of what is being said.
2. Spend some time in identifying the flaws in the arguments.
3. Do not make any extreme statements. Pack arguments up with proper logical reasoning.
4. Be clear, concise and coherent. Do not make ambiguous claims.
5. Keep spellings and grammar in check.
6. Your AWT may be discussed in the interview. Make sure you can defend your arguments.
AWT Prompts
1. All your life you have been asked to be honest. But deception is not always wrong as some
researchers in Wharton have pointed out. Lies have helped to build long term connections,
businesses, relationships based on trust. We should teach our children, employees and
teachers to make use of lies. Analyse the argument stating your opinions / counter points.
2. A friendship can prove to be toxic if one friend is giving and another is taking. When one
person shares his feelings and ignores another person’s emotions, that friendship can never
be true. In light of this statement, share your opinions to support the statement. Also
provide reasons to counter this argument.
3. XYZ wants to pursue further studies right after graduation but their father wants them to
gather some work experience first and then decide. XYZ feels that delaying masters is a
waste of time and one can earn more after it. Their father, on the other hand, says that
everyone who has been successful after a masters had work experience before it. Analyse.
4. A picture of the Mangalyaan celebrations with women in the centre of the picture. What do you see in this
picture? Do you see any stereotypes being challenged?
5. 3 of the top 4 wicket takers in Test Cricket (Warne, Kumble and Muralitharan) are
spinners, out of which Kumble and Warne are wrist spinners, and Muralitharan, while
recognized as an off-spinner, has a peculiar action similar to a wrist spinner. Hence, wrist
spinners in general are better than other types of bowlers.
When comparing GOATs among any sport, we have a tendency to compare their statistics,
however, there are other non-numeric factors such as pitch conditions, quality of
opposition, match situation etc. Should they also be somehow factored in?
1. Give authentic and honest answers. Personalise your responses to fit into your story.
2. Be well-aware about the place that you belong to, current location, college, organization,
etc. Prepare your resume well.
3. It is okay to not know the answer to a question. Stay calm, confident and polite.
Note: All questions may not be relevant for all candidates. Interviewers tend to follow a line of
questioning and carry the interview forward based on the answers that a candidate gives. However,
your interview may be different.
HRQs
1. Tell us something about yourself that’s not mentioned in your form.
2. Why MBA and not a masters in your undergraduate field/family business?
3. What are your short and long term goals?
4. Why do you want to study at IIMA?
5. You've already been working for 3 years, why don't you work a couple of more years and
go for the PGPX course?
6. Describe an incident that has had a deep impact on you. How did it change you?
7. What is your idea of success?
8. What did you like/hate about your job?
9. If you had to work with one company for 10 years, which company would you choose and
why?
10. How will your background help you in an MBA?
ACADEMICS
Tips
1. Know both, the basics and the latest developments in your field.
2. Mathematical questions can be asked to anyone, irrespective of one’s field.
Electronics
1. What is XNOR? Draw its truth table.Write the boolean expression of XNOR. Can you
draw XNOR using NOR gate?
2. Explain the Fourier Transform. What are it’s applications? What is the difference
between Fourier Transform and Fourier Series.
3. Draw the circuit of a full wave rectifier & explain how it works.
4. What is Principal component Analysis ?
5. What is a BJT? Where is it used?
Economics
1. What is the relationship between the interest rate and inflation in a country?
2. What is Keynesian economics? And why is it used more widely than other schools of
thought?
3. Effects of Taxes and Subsidy and control on pollution.
4. What is the relationship between price and demand? Explain with a graph.
5. Explain the IS-LM model.
Finance:
1. Should you invest in the Indian stock market today? What is one metric that you would
use to invest in the current market conditions?
2. What are some methods to Value a firm? How do you value a firm’s equity? What’s the
difference between the Value of a firm and the Value of Equity? Can dividends be used
to calculate the value of a firm?
3. How do you measure a firm’s growth rate?
4. Explain the Black Scholes Model.
5. What are the 3 financial statements? Explain each of them. Draw the format of a balance
sheet
Fashion
1. Why are prominent fashion designers like Sabyasachi Mukherjee and Tarun Tahiliani
partnering with retail brands?
2. What were the provisions for the apparel and textile industry in this year’s union budget?
3. What advantages does China have, as compared to India, that make it the bigger
manufacturing hub for apparel?
Law
1. What is the structure of the Judiciary in India? Who is the CJI and how is he/she
appointed? Should India have multiple benches of the Supreme Court?
2. What is the difference between common law and civil law? Which system does India
follow?
3. What are the essentials of a valid contract? When is a contract void and when is it
voidable?
4. What are fundamental rights? Can they be enforced against private individuals/entities?
Agriculture
1. Cropping systems
2. Value chain of certain commodities
3. Why are GMOs not fully-fledged and adopted in India?
4. Designing experiments for testing the effects of agrochemicals.
Mathematical
1. Name some distributions. What is Normal distribution? Draw it. What are the x and y-
axis of the curve? What are the characteristics of a normal distribution? What is Mean?
What is Median? Why don’t we use Median instead of Mean in the normal distribution?
Which is a better measure, mean or median?
2. Define probability without using the words likelihood, outcome or chance.
3. What is Expected Value? Why do we call it as expected? Take a village where 60% of
people have 1 kid and 40% have 2 kids. What is the Expected value of kids?
4. What are Variance and standard deviation? What’s the formula for Variance? Why do we
square the deviations in the Variance? Why can’t we take the absolute value for
calculating the variance?
5. How would you remove noise from datasets?
6. What is the formula for calculating the sum of a GP?
7. There are 25 contestants, 5 can race at a time. How many races are required to find out
the top 3?
8. Can you look at a graph and tell if it is differentiable?
9. What is factorial? Why both 0! and 1! are equal to 1?
10. I have a coin which shows heads with a probability of 0.8. I toss it 10 times and obtain 3
heads. What is the probability that the first toss was a head?
Hobbies
1. Which F1 team do you support? Tell us about the aerodynamics of the F1 and its use.
What is a drag race?
2. Do you watch cricket? What are the important matches going on currently? Tell us more
about Australia's performance against Pakistan. Where is the world's largest cricket
stadium located? And where is the smallest one?
3. Which movie has won the Oscar for best movie this year and have you seen it? What’s
different about CODA than other usual Oscar winners? How many movies are successful
in a particular year?
4. You read poems. Can you recite one for us? Why did you choose this?
5. Which was the last book you read? What did you learn from it?
Current Affairs
1. Do you know about the Russia-Ukraine conflict? Name their currencies. Name some
neighbouring countries of Ukraine where people are migrating to. Which country is
supporting Russia? Is India’s neutral stance justified?
2. Which countries are manufacturing chips? Why is India not manufacturing them? What
problems are we facing due to this?
3. Who is the Governor of West Bengal?
4. Tell us about the Zomato-Blinkit merger. Why do you think companies go for mergers?
5. Tell us about a socio-political issue which you read about recently.
FUNDAMENTALS
Economics
Key terms:
Microeconomics: the branch of economics that deals with decisions made by individuals and
firms to use the resources and the interactions between them for utilization.
Macroeconomics: the branch of economics that deals with the aggregate behaviour of and the
factors that drive the economy (regional, national or global) as a whole represented by performance
parameters such as inflation, GDP, national income, price levels, etc.
Opportunity Cost: The value or benefit that a person forgoes to pursue the current opportunity
or the value of the best alternative opportunity an individual would have pursued had it not been
the one he/she is working on
Sunk Cost: The amount of money already spent and cannot be recovered in the future
Capitalist Economy: the economy where the decisions about what to produce, how much to
produce, and the price at which to sell is solely taken by the market or the private enterprises in
the system and the state has no economic role.
• Demand-Supply curve
• Price Elasticity of Demand
• Marginal Utility
Finance
Key Terms:
Asset: A resource with a value that an individual, corporation, or country owns or controls with
the expectation that it will provide a future benefit.
Real assets: assets used by the company in its regular business to generate profits. For example,
land, building, raw materials, finished products, etc. They may be tangible (assets that physically
exist e.g., machinery and buildings) or intangible (assets that do not physically exist e.g., goodwill,
trademarks, brand names, etc.)
Financial assets: assets issued by the company to generate money to buy real assets. There are
basically of 2 types i.e., shares and bonds. Share/Stocks/Equities give ownership to the business
which is not the case with bonds (they are debt instruments)
Liability: This is a company’s legal debts or obligations that arise during business operations.
Liabilities are settled over time through the transfer of economic benefits including money, goods,
or services.
Debt: It is the money borrowed by one party from another. Many corporations/individuals use
debt as a method for making large purchases that they could not afford under normal
circumstances. A debt arrangement gives the borrowing party permission to borrow money under
the condition that it is to be paid back later, usually with interest.
Financial Statements:
Balance Sheet - The Balance Sheet shows a company’s assets, liabilities, and equity. It can be
viewed as a statement of sources and usage of funds. The Balance Sheet summarizes a
company’s assets, liabilities, and shareholder’s equity at a particular point in time. It presents a
snapshot of the financial position of the company. It is based on the following accounting
model:
Assets= Liabilities + Shareholders Equity
• Assets are of two types:
(i) Fixed assets- Assets that are purchased for the long term. E.g.- Building, Land, etc.
(ii) Current assets- Assets that can be quickly converted into cash. E.g.-Cash and cash equivalents
(Mutual Funds).
• Liabilities are obligations of the company, payable to another entity. Liabilities are incurred to
fund the ongoing activities of a business. If the obligation is due within short period, it is
classified as a current liability.
• Shareholder’s equity represents the amount of business holdings that aren’t purchased using
debt(loans).
Income Statement - Income Statement reports how much revenue the company generated, the
expenses it incurred and the resulting profits or losses during a period (usually the financial year).
The basic equation underlying the income statement is:
Revenue – Expenses = Income
• Revenue which is also known as “Top Line”, is the amount of money the company receives
during the period.
• Expenses are summarized and charged in the income statement as deductions from the income
before assessing income tax.
• Income is the increase in the net inflow of cash and other assets during an accounting period.
Cash Flow Statement - The Cash Flow Statement provides information about the cash flows
associated with the period’s operations and about the entity’s investing and financing activities
during the period. The cash flow statement tabulates how much cash is coming into the firm and
going out of the firm.
Analytics & IT
• Improved decision making: Companies can use the insights they gain from data analytics
to inform their decisions, leading to better outcomes.
• More effective marketing: Data analytics also gives you useful insights into how your
campaigns are performing so that you can fine-tune them for optimal outcomes.
• Better customer service: Data analytics provide you with more insights into your
customers, allowing you to tailor customer service to their needs, provide more
personalization and build stronger relationships with them.
• Efficient operations: Data analytics can help you streamline your processes, save money
and boost your bottom line.
Key Terms:
Business Analytics: a set of data analysis practices, tools, and services that help you understand
both what is happening in your business and why to improve decision-making and help you plan
for the future.
Cloud Computing: providing computing resources and services such as servers, storage,
databases, networking, software and analytics over the Internet (cloud) to offer faster processing,
flexible resources, and economies of scale. It helps you to lower your operating costs, run your
infrastructure more efficiently and scale as your business needs change. Types of clouds include
public clouds (provided by third party), private clouds (owned and used by the organisation itself)
and hybrid clouds (combination of public and private). They can be provided as Infrastructure as
a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Software as a Service (SaaS).
Big Data: a collection of data that is huge in volume yet growing exponentially with time. It is
data with so large size and complexity that only some of the traditional data management tools can
store it or process it efficiently. It can be classified as Structured, Unstructured and Semi-Structured
based on the organisation of the data. Big Data is typically characterized by 4Vs (Volume, Variety,
Velocity, Veracity).
MARKETING
What is Marketing?
“Marketing is a social and managerial process by which individuals and groups obtain what they
need and want through creating and exchanging products and value with others” - Philip Kotler.
Marketing vs. Sales
Source: leadsquare
Marketing Mix
It was first developed by Prof. James Culliton of Harvard University; Marketing Mix refers to the
set of actions, or tactics, that a company uses to promote its brand or product in the market. The
4Ps comprise a typical marketing mix - Price, Product, Promotion, and Place.
Currently, it has been extended to 7Ps, as shown.
Source: Semrush
5Cs
This analysis aims to see whether the company is in the best position in the market and whether it can meet
customer needs. It also identifies the company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, helping
to create an apt marketing strategy.
Ansoff Matrix
The Ansoff Matrix, called the Product/Market Expansion Grid, is a two-by-two framework used by
management teams and the analyst community to help plan and evaluate growth initiatives. In particular,
the tool allows stakeholders to conceptualize the risk associated with different growth strategies.
Source: Springworks
OPERATIONS
Operations Management
Operations management is planning, organizing, and overseeing business practices that maximize
efficiency and ensure company processes drive value. It involves preparing and supervising the techniques
that turn resources such as labor, equipment, and raw materials into goods and services.
Important terms
1. Lead time: Lead time is the amount of time that passes from the start of a process until its
conclusion.
2. Cycle time: Cycle time is the total time a production team spends on producing a single unit or
the time taken between the production of two consecutive units.
3. Flow rate: The number of flow units (e.g., customers, money, produced goods/services) going
through the business process per unit of time.
4. Throughput rate: It measures the movements of inputs and outputs within the production
process.
Inventory Management
Inventory is the goods or materials a business intends to sell to customers for profit. Inventory
management, a critical element of the supply chain, is the tracking of inventory from manufacturers to
warehouses and from these facilities to the point of sale. Inventory management aims to have the right
products in the right place at the right time. This requires inventory visibility — knowing when to order,
how much to order and where to store stock.
Economic Order Quantity: Economic order quantity (EOQ) is the ideal quantity of units a company should
purchase to meet demand while minimizing inventory costs such as holding costs, shortage, and order
costs.
Lean Manufacturing
Lean manufacturing is a production process based on maximizing productivity while minimizing waste
within a manufacturing operation. The lean principle sees waste as anything that doesn’t add value that the
customers are willing to pay for.
Some significant pointers of Lean are: -
1. Muda, Mura, Muri
2. Just In Time (JIT)
3. 5S
4. Kaizen
5. Kanban
6. Heijunka
7. KPIs
8. Root Cause Analysis
9. Poka-Yoke (or Error Proofing)
10. Value Stream Mapping
11. Jidoka
12. PDCA and SDCA
Supply chain
A supply chain is a network of individuals and companies involved in creating and delivering a product to
the consumer. Links on the chain begin with the producers of the raw materials and end when the van
delivers the finished product to the end user.