SHA1201-A

How Caffeine
causes

Tachycardia
HERNANDEZ PADERAYON PADUA PEDROZO
 Overview
HEART
1 CAFFEINE 2
PALPITATIONS
HOW CAFFEINE CAUSES
3 TACHYCARDIA 4
TACHYCARDIA
 HOW CAFFEINE CAUSES TACHYCARDIA

Caffeine
1
 Definition

What is Caffeine?

It is a natural stimulant to the cardiac muscle central nervous

system, resulting in sleeplessness. (Ghadimi, 2017)

It works by stimulating the brain and central nervous system,

helping you stay alert and prevent the onset of tiredness.
 Chemistry of Caffeine

Trimethylxanthine
C8H10 N4 O2
CAFFEINE

An alkaloid from the xanthine group which acts as a stimulant to

the cardiac muscle central nervous system, resulting in
sleeplessness (Ghadimi, 2017)
Chemistry of Caffeine

Exerts its biological effect through the

antagonism of adenosine receptors ( A1
and A2), resulting in a stimulatory
property (Zuchinali, 2015).
 How Caffeine Works

1
Absorbed from the gut into the bloodstream.

2
Broken down into compounds in the liver.

3
Binds to our brain's adenosine receptors and blocks its effects
 Hormones

Adenosine Adrenaline Cortisol Dophamine

Hormone Increases
Hormone that
released from Glucose in the
Used for the makes you feel
the adrenal bloodstream
body’s general good at first
glands. and enhances
metabolism but then goes
Prepares the the brain’s use
away.
body for fight of glucose.
or flight.
 Significance

Why is Caffeine Essential To our Bodies?

Caffeine helps a person stay awake. It increases the brain activity

of the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine. It also
increases heart rate and blood pressure. Caffeine connects to
adenosine receptors in the brain without activating them thus
reducing tiredness.
 Effects
How does Caffeine Affect the
Body? (Include heart palpitations)
As stated earlier, caffeine increases heart rate
and blood pressure. Some people are sensitive
to caffeine resulting in heart palpitations. The
change in heartbeat is different from one
person to another. One may experience slower
heart beat or faster heart beat. Some may also
experience irregular heartbeats.
What are the long-term effects
of Caffeine to the heart?
Caffeine causes heart palpitations. Heart
Palpitation is a common symptom among
serious heart conditions. Irregular heartbeats
such as arrhythmia can be a worrisome
condition and can be deadly for one can
experience a sudden stroke or heart attack.
 HOW CAFFEINE CAUSES TACHYCARDIA

Heart
Palpitations
2
 definition

WHAT IS HEART PALPITATION?

Palpitations are characterized as rapid heartbeats or excessively
fast or irregular heartbeats. They are frequently described as
feeling like the heart is skipping a beat, fluttering rapidly, or
beating.
 significance

WHY DOES CAFFEINE CAUSE HEART

PALPITATIONS?
As a stimulant, caffeine has been associated with arrhythmias, or
abnormal heartbeats, when consumed in extremely high doses. It
does this by first encouraging the release of noradrenaline and
norepinephrine. These hormones also raise blood pressure and
heart rate, among other things. Additionally, caffeine can influence
the heart's ability to contract by stimulating the enzymes that do
so
 Diseases that have heart palpitations as symptoms

Arrhythmia Hypertension
A disease that deals with the blood pressure that is
rate or rhythm of your heart higher than normal
beat.
 What are the 2 forms of arrhythmia?
Atrial fibrillation (A-fib)
This is the most common type of
tachycardia. Chaotic, irregular electrical
signals in the upper chambers of the
heart (atria) cause a fast heartbeat. A-
fib may be temporary, but some
episodes won't end unless treated
Ventricular tachycardia
This type of arrhythmia starts in the lower
heart chambers (ventricles). The rapid
heart rate doesn't allow the ventricles to
fill and squeeze (contract) to pump
enough blood to the body. Ventricular
tachycardia episodes may be brief and
last only a couple of seconds without
causing harm. But episodes lasting more
than a few seconds can be life-
threatening.

 HOW CAFFEINE CAUSES TACHYCARDIA

Tachycardia
3
 definition

WHAT IS TACHYCARDIA?
Tachycardia is a common condition in which the heart beats faster
than normal. It can - be sparked by strenuous exercise, worry, some
medicines, or a fever. Inappropriate sinus tachycardia is what it is
called when it occurs for an unclear reason (IST).
 effects

Effects of Tachycardia A feeling of throbbing,

Blood may not reach the rest of racing, or flopping in the
the body adequately if the heart chest. (palpitations)
beats too quickly. The organs and
Chest pain
tissues may not receive enough
Lightheadedness
oxygen as a result.
shortness of breath
Rapid pulse rate
 HOW CAFFEINE CAUSES TACHYCARDIA

How Caffeine Causes

Tachycardia
4
 Effect of Caffeine on Ventricular Arrythmia

The researchers’ meta-analysis shows that the data collected from human
interventional studies did not display a significant effect of caffeine
consumption on the development of ventricular arrhythmia. The results that
were observed in the animal studies were most likely due to the high
caffeine intake which is not normally consumed by humans on a regular
basis.
 Coffee, Caffeine and Risk of Hospitalization for Arrythmias

Cardiac rhythm disturbances are among the adverse side effects of a

massive dose of caffeine given to animals and taken for human
consumption. Patients that frequently report palpitations after caffeine
ingestion are the ones who have caffeine intake, and physicians often advise
these patients with arrhythmias to avoid caffeinated coffee.
 Coffee, Caffeine and Risk of Hospitalization for Arrythmias

With non-coffee-drinkers as the referent, the adjusted hazard ratio for any
palpitations with an intake of 1 cup of coffee within 24 hours was 1.0; for 1–3
cups/24hrs, it was 0.9, and for 4 cups within 24 hours, it was 0.8. With caffeine
intake as a constant variable, the hazard ratio per cup per day was 0.97%. These
Results were similar for several groups, including persons with a history or
symptoms of possible cardiorespiratory diseases and those without such history or
symptoms. Coffee had identical relations to atrial fibrillation (48% of participants
with arrhythmia) and most other specific arrhythmia diagnoses, which are controlled
for the number of cups of coffee per day; total caffeine intake was inversely related
to risk.
 Coffee, Caffeine and Risk of Hospitalization for Arrythmias

In conclusion, The opposite relationship between coffee and caffeine intake

to hospitalization for arrhythmias makes it unlikely that moderate caffeine
intake can increase arrhythmia risk.
 Caffeine and Arrythmias

Caffeinated beverages such as coffee, tea, and energy drinks play a

significant role in cardiovascular health. Coffee is a stimulant which is also
commonly used in cognitive enhancement. It has been assumed that since it
has an effect in enhancing the mind, it may have been contributing to
arrhythmia.
 Caffeine and Arrythmias

COFFEE PHARMACOLOGY
Caffeinated beverages such as coffee, tea, and energy drinks play a
significant role in cardiovascular health. Coffee is a stimulant which is also
commonly used in cognitive enhancement. It has been assumed that since it
has an effect in enhancing the mind, it may have been contributing to
arrhythmia.
 Caffeine and Arrythmias

COFFEE PHARMACOLOGY
Caffeine is heavily present in a cup of coffee (1 cup = 95mg) It acts as a
methylxanthine alkaloid and central nervous system stimulant. Caffeine’s
half-life is 5.7 h, with nearly 100% bioavailability, and maximum
concentrations are reached within 1 h of consumption.
 Caffeine and Arrythmias

COFFEE PHARMACOLOGY
It also affects sympathetic activation, intracellular calcium trafficking,
adenosine receptors, and it is also an antioxidant. Cytosolic calcium
concentration rises when calcium reuptake is blocked into the sarcoplasmic
reticulum. The increase in intracellular calcium has the potential to induce
atrial arrhythmia.
 Caffeine and Arrythmias

CONCLUSION
Despite an absence of evidence to support this assumption, many doctors
continue to tell patients with arrhythmias to avoid all caffeinated
beverages. It is a sensible precaution to avoid coffee intake. Although there
is no clearly defined evidence for the harm of caffeine, a regular intake of up
to 300 mg/day appears to be safe and may even be protective against heart
rhythm disorders such as arrhythmia.
 HOW CAFFEINE CAUSES TACHYCARDIA

The
Conclusion
 Conclusion

HOW CAN WE PREVENT TACHYCARDIA DUE TO CAFFEINE?

In order to prevent tachycardia you should drink lots of water, do exercises, practice
deep breathing and wait it out. We should reduce the consumption of caffeine and
build a habit of consuming healthier foods.