Interpretation of Data and Results

As the students had already finished the set-up of the given figure for Experiment 1, the students
were able to gather the data required, at the same time, calculate the values following the formulas
in the laboratory manual. At first, the students were instructed by our professor to determine the
resistance values of 5 selected resistors using the electronic V.O.M. (ohmmeter). All resistors were
measured in k Ω and changed into ohms (Ω). Afterward, the students obtained the values for
current and voltage readings for 5 different trials. For current, the students were able to achieve it
using the 100mA dc analog milliammeter, which is later converted into a unit of an ampere (A),
so it can measure the current flowing in the circuit connection. On the other hand, a voltmeter was
used for the voltage reading to get the 5 voltage values (with V unit). Once the three values (R, I,
V) were obtained, the power can be computed by the following formula:
𝑃𝐿 = 𝑉𝐿 × 𝐼𝐿 eq.1
Wherein voltage (VL) and current (IL) are required for this equation. Hence, this shows a
relationship that is directly proportional between power-voltage and power-current, which tells
that as the voltage increases, the power increases. The same goes with an increasing current,
wherein the power also increases. Since the students gathered the values of measured resistance
(R) and current (IL), the experimental resistance can also calculate using Ohm’s law and power
formulas.

𝑽𝑳
𝑹= eq.2
𝑰𝑳

𝑷𝑳 𝑉𝐿 ∙𝐼𝐿 𝑉𝐿
𝑹= = = eq.3
𝑰𝑳 𝟐 𝐼𝐿 2 𝐼𝐿

𝑽𝑳 𝟐 𝑉𝐿 2 𝑉𝐿
𝑹= = = eq.4
𝑷𝑳 𝑉𝐿 ∙𝐼𝐿 𝐼𝐿

After arriving at the computed data for this experiment, the students successfully conducted
Experiment 1 and were analyzed that there may be some minimal changes compared to the actual
value. This tells that the experiment’s data may cause by damaged wires, erroneous readings, and
defective resistors, which resulted in a small difference from the actual value.
Conclusion
In this experiment, the main objective is to familiarize the students with the electrical measuring
devices, their functions, solving basic equations related to the experiment, and the proper
connection set-up of the electrical equipment. The voltmeter and ammeter were utilized, and the
difference between the two instruments. The voltmeter aims to measure the potential difference
between two points in a circuit with a voltage (V) unit that must be connected in parallel. On the
other hand, the ammeter serves as an instrument in determining the current flowing in the circuit,
wherein ampere (A) is the unit measured and should be in a series connection.
Furthermore, the students were also able to acquire knowledge in reading electrical measuring
devices, particularly analog devices. When connected to a circuit, the analog meter changes the
needle’s position as it points to the acquired value in the scale. To properly read the measurement,
as students utilized an analog milliammeter, the current can be read by checking the selected
current range as it is connected with the wires. Then, the panel has numbers in which only the
range selected only be read and not go beyond the other current ranges. The smallest division, as
pointed by the needle, will be read, and the following digit is only an estimation.
Moreover, the training kit serves as the circuit board, wherein the students connected the electrical
devices and wires based on the figure of Experiment 1. Thus, the students got familiarized with
the use of electrical devices and how to create the set-up based on the instructions given by the
professor and the given figure in the laboratory manual. Therefore, the students successfully
determined the experimental and measured values, which can be concluded that the values are
close to the exact numerical values.