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JIGJIGA HEALTH S
CEINCE
COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT : PUBLIC HEALTH
COURSE : MICRO-BIOLOGY
GROUP - ASSIGNMENT
TITLE
HIV AND ONCOGENIC VIRUS

HIV AND ONCOGENIC VIRUS

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Is one of two species of lent
virus (sub group of retrovirus)that infect humans
There are two main types of HIV.HIV1 & HIV2 As well as several
related viruses that infect certain monkeys or great apes HIV 1 can be
found throughout the world but HIV2 is almost exclusively limited to
west Africa both can lead to AIDS but they are very different from each
other.
HIV1 is the most common type when you hear the term “HIV” it’s
probably HIV1
HIV1 transmitted more easily than HIV2 and his infection more rapidly
to AIDS.
HIV1 caused ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCE SYNDROME by
infected cells of human immune system particularly a kind of white
blood cells called the CD4 T cells this cells helps in identifying and
destroying harmful material in the body including bacteria parasites
viruses and even some cancer cells.
destroying of CD4 cells leading to weakened immune system certain
kind of infections severe illness and death the infections are often called
opportunistic infections(OIS)because they are rare or mild in health
people but can take advantage of the opportunity provided by the HIV
weakened immune system and can be life threating without treatment
average survival time after infection with HIV estimated to be 9 to 11yrs
depending on the HIV subtype and HIV can damage tissue directly
causing neurological disease heart disease and other problems.

Couse of HIV

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HIV is a variation of a virus that can be transmitted to African
chimpanzees scientists suspect the simian immunodeficiency
virus(SIV) jumped from chimps to humans when people
consumed chimpanzees meat containing the virus once inside
the human population the virus mutated into what we now
know as HIV this likely occurred as long ago as the 1920s.
HIV spread from person to person thoughout Africa over the
course of several decades eventually the virus migrated to other
parts of the world.
Scientist first discovered HIV ina human blood sample in 1959.
Early sympes of HIV
 Fever
 Swollen lymph nodes
 General aches and pains
 Chills
 Skin rashes
 Sore throat
 Headache
 Nausea
 Upset stomach

HIV transmission
Any one can contract HIV the virus is transmitted in bodily
fluids that include:-

 Semen
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 Vaginal and rectal fluids
 Breast milk
Also there other ways HIV is transferred from person to
person
 Through vaginal or anal sex the most common route of
transmission
 By sharing needles stringes and other items for
injection drug use
 By sharing tattoo equipment with out sterilizing it
between uses
 During pregnance labor or delivery from pregnant
person to there baby
 During breast feeding
 Through exposure to the blood semen vaginal and
rectal fluids

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