Sustainable Development: Issues,

Principle & Practice

WEEK 2
ISLAM & SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
 PRESENTATION STRUCTURE (WEEK 2)

1. ISLAM & SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY

1. ISLAM & ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

1. ISLAM & ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY

The concept of sustainable development in Islam can be defined as
“the balanced and simultaneous realization of consumer welfare,
economic efficiency, attainment of social justice, and ecological
balance in the framework of an evolutionary knowledge-based,
socially interactive model defining the shuratic process”.
The shuratic process is the consultation or participatory ruling
principle of islam.

Sustainable development is not a new concept to Muslims. The Qur'an

and the Hadith provide the framework for the spiritual and physical
welfare of humanity. There are over 500 verses in the Qur'an giving
Muslims guidance on matters relating to the environment and how to
deal with it, and there are numerous examples from the prophet
Mohammed's life (PBUH) and his sayings, which provide a model for
justice and equity
ISLAM & ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
ISLAM & ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
● The over arching principle in the use of nature is derived from the
prophetic declaration that states: “there shall be no damage and no
infliction of damage“. The right to benefit from the essential
environmental elements and resources such as water, minerals, land,
forests, fish and wildlife, arable soil, air and sunlight is in islam, a right held
in common by all members of society.
● Each individual is entitled to benefit from a common resource subject to
establishing the degree of need, (needs have to be distinguished from
wants) and the impact on the environment.
● The rights to benefit from nature are linked to accountability and
maintenance or conservation of the resource. The fundamental
legal principle established by the Prophet Muhammad is that
“The benefit of a thing is in return for the liability attached to it.”

● Much environmental degradation is due to people’s ignorance of

what their Creator requires of them. People should be made to
realize that the conservation of the environment is a religious
duty demanded by God.

● “And do good as Allâh has been good to you. And do not seek to
cause corruption in the earth. Allâh does not love the corrupters”,
(Al Qasas 28:77)
 WASTE GENERATION WATER CONSERVATION
•Islam calls for the efficient use of natural The teachings of Prophet
resources and waste minimization. Muhammad emphasize the proper
“Eat and drink, but waste not by excess; “He” use of water without wasting it.
loves not the excessive”, (Al-A’raf 7:31).
Prophet said: “Don’t waste water
“And do not follow the bidding of the even if you are on a running river”.
excessive, who cause corruption in the earth
and do not work good”, (Ash-Shu’ara 26: 151- He also said: “Whoever increases
152). (more than three), he does injustice
and wrong”.
“And do not cause corruption in the earth,
when it has been set in order”, (Al-A’râf 7:56).

WATER POLLUTION
Water also plays another socio-religious function: cleaning of the body and
clothes from all dirt, impurities, and purification so that mankind can be
presentable at all times. Only after cleaning with pure (colorless, odorless
and tasteless) water, Muslims are allowed to pray. One can only pray at a
place that has been cleaned.
In light of these facts, Islam stresses on preventing pollution of water
resources. Urinating in water (discharging wastewater into water stream)
and washing or having a bath in stagnant water are forbidden acts in Islam.
The Prophet said: “No one should bathe in still water, when he is unclean”.
 SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY
Islamic legislation on the preservation of trees and plants
finds its roots in Qura’nic teachings of Prophet. They
include the following:
“Whoever plants a tree and looks after it with care, until
it matures and becomes productive, will be rewarded in
the Hereafter” and
“If anyone plants a tree or sows a field and men, beasts
or birds eat from it, he should consider it as a charity on
his part”.
ISLAM & SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY
 Man as Khalifah
on Earth

Islam as
Rahmatan
Lil Alamin
Amanah as
Fundamental Concept of
Governance Shura
of Society
Tenets of Islam and Tenets of Iman as basis for
social sustainability
● Profession of Faith (shahada
● Prayer (salat)
● Alms (zakat)
● Fasting (sawm)
● Pilgrimage (hajj)
Tenets of Iman
● Belief in Allah as the one and only God.
● Belief in angels.
● Belief in the holy books.
● Belief in the Prophets .
● Belief in the Day of Judgement
● Belief in Predestination..
Fardhu ain and fardhu kifayah as operational
basis for social governance
ISLAM & ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY
Islam and Economic Sustainability
Islam promotes development and both socially and
economically. “That is so because Allah will never change
a grace which He has bestowed on a people until they
change what is in their ownselves. And verily, Allah is All-
Hearer, All-Knower.” (Al-Quran, 8:53).

Islam prohibits poverty as it is close to disbelief (kufr).

Islam povides effective means fo socio-economic
impovement via waqaf (endowment) and zakat (alms)
provisions, indeed, these Islamic economic principles are
based on sharing and caring in wealth distribution,
likewise any other trading or commercial transactions in
Islam
And seek the (betterment of) the Ultimate
Abode with what Allah has given to you,
and do not neglect your share from this
world, and do good as Allah did good to
you, and do not seek to make mischief in
the land. Surely, Allah does not like the
mischief-makers.”[Al Qasas, 28:77]
Incentive?
SUSTAINABLE AMAL

Prophet Muhammad S.A.W said:

“When a man dies, no further reward is recorded

for his actions, with three exceptions:

1. Sadaqah Jariah (donations with which SUSTAINABLE

continue to be benefited) or CONSUMPTION

1. Knowledge from which benefit continues to be SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT
reaped, or

1. A prayer of a good son to his dead father” SUSTAINABLE

FUTURE

(Sahih Muslim)
 ● ZAKAT AND SADAQAH
● TAKAFUL (ISLAMIC
SECURITY)
● WAQAF (CHARITABLE
ENDOWMENT)
● PROHIBITION OF RIBA
(INTEREST)
● TARKAH (INHERITANCE)
ECONOMIC

SD IN ISLAM

SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL
● KHALIFAH (VICEGERENT) ● KHALQ (CONCEPT OF
● MUSHAWARAH CREATION)
(CONSULTATION) ● MIZAN (ECOLOGICAL
● UKHUWWAH (ISLAMIC BALANCE
BROTHERHOOD) ● SUSTAINABLE USE OF
NATURAL RESOURCES
Basic entities of
Tawhidic Science
Tawhidic Concept
ALLAH
Caliph
Syahadah
Solat
Zakat
Servant Fasting in
Managing and Ramadhan
administering the Perform Hajj
world

MAN

Soul, Mind, Lust, & Body

Social
Aqeedah
Economy
Syariah
Politics
Akhlak Observe,
Inter/Intra
Reason,
Analyse
MAN NATURE
Science and Ability to
Technology understand nature
THE 5Ps:
DIMENSIO GUIDELINES AND PRINCIPLES

NS OF OF SUSTAINABILITY IN AL-
QUR’AN

THE SDGs 1. ADL - JUSTICE

2. MIZAN - BALANCE

3. WASAT – MIDDLENESS

4. RAHMAH – MERCY

5. AMANAH – TRUSTWORTHINESS AND

CUSTODIANSHIP

6. TAHARAH – SPIRITUAL PURITY AND

PHYSICAL CLEANLINESS

7. HAQ - TRUTHFULNESS AND RIGHTS

8. ILM NAFI’ – USEFULNESS OF

KNOWLEDGE AND SCIENCE