THEME 11: WEATHER AND CLIMATE CHANGES

Introduction

Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. These shifts
may be natural, such as through variations in the solar cycle. But since the 1800s, human
activities have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to burning fossil fuels
like coal, oil and gas.

I. Reasons of climate changes

Climate change is the long-term increase in the earth's average surface temperature and the
large-scale changes in global, regional, and local weather patterns that result from that
increase, caused by a significant increase in the levels of greenhouse gases that are produced
by the use of fossil fuels
Overall, glaciers are melting at a faster rate. Sea ice in the Arctic Ocean around the North
Pole is melting faster with the warmer temperatures. Permafrost is melting, releasing
methane, a powerful greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere. Sea levels are rising, threatening
coastal communities and estuarine ecosystems.

II. Weather and climate changes in Cameroon

1. Types of climates in Cameroon

In Cameroon, there are two types of climates:

Cameroon is located in the tropics with two major climate areas. The equatorial and sub-
equatorial climate in the south and the tropical climate in the North.

2. Impact of climate changes in Cameroon

Cameroon is already facing consequences of climate change, including an abnormal

recurrence of extreme weather phenomena such as violent winds, high temperatures, and
heavy rainfall, which endanger communities' ecosystems and the services they provide.31
mai 2018
Indeed, the climate in Cameroon is very warm, with an annual average of 31 degrees, but has
few truly tropical and sultry months. It is yearlong warm or hot. The warmest and rainiest
part of the country is Far North. The coldest is West.

Solutions to face climate changes

We can all help to mitigate climate change. Whether through our movements, our electricity
consumption or our diet, we can make a difference. To tackle the climate crisis, let's start by
applying the following ten actions.
Save energy at home
Our electricity and heating comes largely from coal, oil and gas. It is possible to reduce
energy consumption by reducing heating and air conditioning, switching to LED bulbs and
energy-saving electrical appliances, washing clothes in cold water or hanging them to dry in
the instead of using a clothes dryer.
Save energy at home. Follow the advice on UN.org and getting around on foot, by bike or by
public transport
All over the world, the roads are overloaded with vehicles, most of which run on diesel or
gasoline. Choosing to walk or cycle over the car reduces greenhouse gas emissions and
contributes to better health and physical fitness. For long distances, consider taking the train
or bus. Finally, practice carpooling whenever possible.
Get around on foot, by bike or by public transport. Eat more plant-based foods
By consuming more vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds, and less meat
and dairy products, one can significantly reduce one's impact on the environment. Producing
plant-based foods generally results in lower greenhouse gas emissions and requires less
energy, land and water.

Thank you for your kind attention!!!