Haima Detailed Masterplan Scope of Services

SULTANATE OF OMAN
MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN PLANNING
HAIMA DETAILED MASTERPLAN
Tender for
Consultancy Services for Preparation of
Detailed Masterplan
TENDER NO. /2022
VOLUME - 2
SCOPE OF SERVICES
JULY 2022
TECHNICAL OFFICE – MoHUP

CONSULTANCY SERVICES FOR THE PREPARATION OF HAIMA DETAILED MASTERPLAN
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Haima Detailed Masterplan - Consultancy Services for the

Preparation of Detailed Masterplan.
This tender document consists of two volumes:
VOLUME - 1 : PRIME DOCUMENT
This document outlines all the tender and Contract agreement requirements in addition
to those specifically mentioned elsewhere in the compiled tender document, including the
Schedule of Remuneration.
VOLUME - 2 : SCOPE OF SERVICES (SOS)
This document mainly outlines the scope of services and responsibilities of the Tenderer
in a wide spectrum, but not limited to.
MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

VOLUME 2: SCOPE OF SERVICES
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Volume - 2
SCOPE OF SERVICES

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TABLE OF CONTENT
LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... 5

SECTION 01 - PROJECT BACKGROUND ..................................................................................... 6
1.1 CONTEXT ..................................................................................................................... 6
1.1.1 OMAN VISION 2040: SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT AS A NATIONAL PRIORITY........ 6
1.1.2 THE MINISTRY’S MANDATE: A PARADIGM SHIFT ........................................................................ 6

1.1 PLANNING LEVELS ...................................................................................................... 7
1.2.1 OMAN NATIONAL SPATIAL STRATEGY: A COHERENT PLANNING FRAMEWORK ......................... 7
1.2.2 PLANNING LEVEL 1: NATIONAL PLANNING ................................................................................ 7
1.2.3 PLANNING LEVEL 2: REGIONAL PLANNING CONTEXT ................................................................ 10

1.2.3.1 Al Wusta Regional Spatial Strategy ................................................................. 10
1.2.4 PLANNING LEVEL 3: HAIMA URBAN CHANGE PLAN (UCP) ........................................................ 12
1.2.5 PLANNING LEVEL 4: HAIMA CONCEPT & DETAILED MASTERPLAN (HDMP) .............................. 14
SECTION 02 - THE SITE ........................................................................................................... 15
2.1 HAIMA OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................ 15
SECTION 03 - PROJECT AIMS ................................................................................................. 16
3.1 AIMS OF UPDATING HAIMA URBAN CHANGE PLAN (UCP) ........................................................... 16
3.2 AIMS OF HAIMA DETAILED MASTERPLAN (HDMP) ....................................................................... 16

SECTION 04 - PROJECT SCOPE ............................................................................................... 17
4.1 STAGE 1 – INCEPTION ................................................................................................................... 18
4.2 STAGE 2 – DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS .............................................................................. 19
4.3 STAGE 3 ......................................................................................................................................... 20
 3A HAIMA CONCEPT MASTERPLAN ............................................................................................ 20
 3B HAIMA DETAILED MASTERPLAN ............................................................................................ 20
SECTION 05 – CROSS CUTTING .............................................................................................. 25

5.1 STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT....................................................................................................... 25
5.2 GIS/OPIS UPDATES ........................................................................................................................ 26
5.3 CAPACITY BUILDING ...................................................................................................................... 27
5.4 IMPLEMENTATION & DELIVERY .................................................................................................... 27
5.5 COMMUNICATION & CITY BRANDING .......................................................................................... 28
SECTION 6: PROJECT ORGANIZATION & KEY PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS ......................... 29

6.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................ 29
6.2 KEY PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS AND QUALIFICATIONS............................................................. 29

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Appendix A: ONSS Executive Summary .................................................................................. 35

Appendix B: Al Wusta RSS ...................................................................................................... 36
Appendix C: DETAILED SCOPE ................................................................................................ 37
Appendix D: Abbreviations & Glossary of Terms .................................................................... 50
Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................... 51
Glossary ................................................................................................................................... 52
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 National Planning Level Map, Oman National Spatial Strategy,2022 ........................... 9
Figure 2 Regional Strategy Map for Al Wusta .......................................................................12
Figure 3 Urban Map For Haima ...........................................................................................13
Figure 4 The Project Stage Diagram ...................................................................................17

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SECTION 01 - PROJECT BACKGROUND

1.1 CONTEXT
1.1.1 OMAN VISION 2040: SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT AS A

NATIONAL PRIORITY
Oman’s Vision 2040 completed in 2020, in line with the Royal Directives of the late His
Majesty Sultan Qaboos Bin Said, is the framework for the Sultanate to pursue sustainable
development under the leadership of His Majesty Sultan Haitham bin Tarik.
Vision 2040 is a national strategy built on a broad societal consensus. It is a guide and
key reference for planning activities in the next two decades and the blueprint for the
economic and social development of the Sultanate applied from the beginning of 2021
until 2040.
Oman will experience significant and transformative developments over the next decades,
and guided by Vision 2040, the country will “foster economic competitiveness and social
well-being, stimulate growth, and build confidence in all economic, social and
developmental relations nationwide.” This includes “reshaping the roles of and relation
between the public, private and civil sectors to ensure effective economic management;
achieve a developed, diversified and sustainable national economy; ensure fair
distribution of development gains among governorates; and protect the nation’s natural
resources and unique environment.”
Cities play a key role in this transformation and therefore “Sustainable Development in
Governorates and Cities” is identified as a National Priority. Oman Vision 2040 document
can be sighted from the following link; https://www.2040.om/Oman2040-En.pdf
1.1.2 THE MINISTRY’S MANDATE: A PARADIGM SHIFT
The Ministry of Housing & Urban Planning (MoHUP) was established by virtue of the Royal
Decree No. 93/2020 on August 18, 2020 amending the name from Ministry of Housing to
Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning, as well as re-defining its mandate and approving
its organizational structure.
While throughout the first fifty years of the Sultanate’s modern period from 1970-2020,
urban development was driven by quantitative growth, with the major achieve
meant of creating a homeowner society in Oman, the coming period’s focus is on the
quality of urban development as being a key component for the country’s overall
progress. Therefore, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning is pursuing a ‘Paradigm
Shift’ towards coherent and integrative urban planning and sustainable development of
cities, neighbourhoods, and buildings.

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1.1 PLANNING LEVELS
1.2.1 OMAN NATIONAL SPATIAL STRATEGY: A COHERENT PLANNING

FRAMEWORK
Recognising the need for a cohesive vision for the spatial development of Oman, the
Oman National Spatial Strategy (ONSS) was initiated in 2017 by the Supreme Council for
Planning (now integrated within the Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning (MoHUP)-
completed by the end of 2020 and approved by the Cabinet in early 2021 - to guide the
future population and employment growth of Oman.
The ONSS was prepared in alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development
Goals (UN SDGs) a global guidance on delivering inclusive and equitable societies through
a process of rigorous sustainability assessment.
The Oman National Spatial Strategy (ONSS) provides the planning framework for the
sustainable development of Oman over the next 20 years and beyond. The ONSS draws
on the guidance of the Oman Vision 2040 to overcome challenges, keep pace with
regional and global changes, and generate and seize opportunities to foster economic
competitiveness and social wellbeing.
“The Strategy was developed as a 20-year planning framework aiming to deliver a better
balance between social, economic, environmental and physical development at a strategic
scale. It ensures that cities are future-proofed against climate change and competitive in
nature. It provides clear answers to the residents of Oman, on where they should live,
where they should work, what kind of employment opportunities they will have, how they
will travel and what kind of environment they will be living in, as basis, for the generations
to come.”
(Extracted Statement of His Excellency Dr Khalfan Al Shueili, Minister of Housing and
Urban Planning.)
The Oman National Spatial Strategy introduced a four-level planning hierarchy where
each level - national, regional, city-wide and local - addresses a different scale and level
of detail.
While the first and second level of planning were successfully completed and approved
through the Oman National Spatial Strategy as well as the eleven Regional
Spatial Strategies for each Governorate, the next phase is now to develop the third and
fourth level of planning.
1.2.2 PLANNING LEVEL 1: NATIONAL PLANNING
The ONSS is Oman’s new National Framework for guiding spatial development in the
country for the next 20 years. It is the highest spatial planning document and takes its
guidance from the new Oman Vision 2040. It is structured around 7 Core Themes (the
ONSS Strategic Goals) which are:
 Strategic Goal #1: Sustainability and Response to Climate Change
 Strategic Goal #2: Delivering Spatial Strategic Development
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 Strategic Goal #3: Delivering Growth and Prosperity

 Strategic Goal #4: Managing the Environment-Natural and Cultural Heritage
 Strategic Goal #5: Natural Resource Management
 Strategic Goal #6: An Efficient Transport System
 Strategic Goal #7: An Efficient Infrastructure System
A National Policy Framework was therefore developed as part of the ONSS to guide the
country in achieving the above goals, encompassing 57 policies distributed across the 7
Core Themes. The following are the most important high-level policies of the ONSS:
 Muscat as a major regional capital city, supported by growth of the

knowledge & innovation economy, logistics, finance, tourism and the service
sector.
 Growth in the National Gateway cities of Salalah, Sohar & Duqm
through expansion of port & airport activities and associated industries.
 Nizwa (National Hub) develops with focus on tertiary education,
innovative technology, mining and tourism (cultural/ natural heritage).
 Governorate centres – Al Buraymi, Ibri, Ibra, Ar Rustaq, Sur, Haima
& Khasab (Regional Hubs) – expand to reflect their role as Governorate
administrative focus and role as Service Centres for their surrounding
regions.
 Special Planning Zones (SPZs) established. New designation to provide
more effective planning and management of development in high quality
environmental areas.
 Improved agriculture with focus on the Nejd; in Dhahirah; and on the
Batinah Plain, but away from the coast. Other areas contribute to food
security.
 Public transport investment in Muscat; in other major urban centres;
and between all settlements. Implementation of freight links with all modes.
 Renewables – solar farms & onshore/ offshore wind farms.

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2:National
Figure 1 NationalPlanning
PlanningLevel
LevelMap,
Map,Oman
Omann National
National Spatial
Spatial Strategy,2022
Strategy,2022

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1.2.3 PLANNING LEVEL 2: REGIONAL PLANNING CONTEXT
In general, The RSS policy framework follows the same seven policy themes as described
in the ONSS. Each set of regional policy is linked to its corresponding national-level policy,
and is focused on a specific or cross-cutting aspect of spatial development.
1.2.3.1 AL WUSTA REGIONAL SPATIAL STRATEGY
Each RSS contains a vision for the relevant area of concern. In the case of Al Wusta, it is
envisioned to become:
“In 2040, Al Wusta is a region characterised by modern and well-
connected centres amidst a vast territory of deserts and the coast. Duqm,
designated as one of the National Gateways of Oman, is a vibrant city that
offers a full range of urban amenities for its residents and the wider region.
As an efficient port and business hub, Duqm’s primary focus is on
generating added value from manufacturing, petrochemicals and a new
modern large-scale fisheries complex. Haima is further developed as a
Regional Hub offering modern facilities for government administration and
the private sector. Other local centres in the region offer an above average
level of facilities to compensate for the relatively large distances in this
part of the Sultanate. The region uses its specific geographical advantages
to boost the transition of the energy landscape from oil and gas to
renewables. Al Wusta’s vast natural wilderness is carefully protected, well-
managed and promoted as adventure tourism destination”.
Al Wusta Governorate Regional Spatial Strategy (RSS) provides a strategic-level guide on
the future spatial growth of the Governorate to the target year 2040. It provides a road
map for where and how population and employment growth will be accommodated and
guides the direction of investment in socio-economic infrastructure. The policy framework
includes the instruments and mechanisms through which the RSS will be implemented
over the next 20 years.
Al Wusta Governorate is literally the central part of Oman, a vast and largely empty
governorate between the main population centers in north and south Oman. Although
the majority of the nomadic population has permanently settled in an in a couple of rural
centres, there is still a traditional way of life, with herding camels and goats over large
distances across the Governorate and far beyond, evidenced by dispersed encampments
spread over its territory.
Al Wusta has a population of 45,156 as of 2018, with the majority living in the coastal
areas, where the climate is somewhat more moderate than in the desert interior.
Hayma is the administrative capital of Al Wusta, while the Special Economic Zone of Ad
Duqm is a major urban and economic development project at the coast. The other main
coastal settlements are Mahawt (Hijj) and Al Jazer (Al Kahil). The majority of Al Wusta’s

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Omani population is of Bedouin origin and social life is strongly organised around tribal
relations. Their traditional way of life involved pastoral camel herding and fisheries.
The Governorate has a number of major economic assets. The rich fisheries grounds
being the traditional source of food and income and the provider of jobs in towns and
hamlets along the coast. In addition, the Governorate has some of Oman’s largest oil and
gas exploration fields and production sites around Mukhaizna and near Haima. Finally,
the development of the Port and Special Economic Zone at Duqm (SEZAD) is to play a
major rule in diversifying the regional economy. The plans for Duqm reveal a new city
that not only becomes a place to work, but also promises an urban lifestyle in the
predominantly rural governorate.
The RSS strategy encourages steady economic growth in Al Wusta, through further
development of those main economic assets and to generate more downstream economic
effects of natural resources. The quality of life in Al Wusta is to be improved through
further investment in existing villages and to ensure that community facilities are
accessible and within reach of all citizens. While development is spread across wider parts
of the governorate, respect for its cultural heritage and traditions remain core values of
such development.
Since such events or structural changes can only be fully understood after they have
happened, it is hard to plan ahead of them. The approach is therefore to ensure strategic
plans are flexible so that they can adapt to such unexpected major changes. This helps
to increase the resilience of spatial plans and development projects. Examples covered
by RSS policies include:
 Increasing the regional and national levels of food self-sufficiency (FS policies).
 Ensuring availability of fresh water and improving the resilience to flooding and
natural
 disasters (WR policies).
 Development of renewable energy projects to ensure long-term energy self-
sufficiency (EN policies).
 Attracting private sector financing for delivering infrastructure and urban
development projects (GP policies).
 Implement structured sustainability assessment considering social, economic
and environmental aspects for all major projects to be taken forward as part
of the RSS (SU policies).

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Figure 2 Regional Strategy Map for Al Wusta
1.2.4 PLANNING LEVEL 3: HAIMA URBAN CHANGE PLAN (UCP)
The Wilayat of Haima represents an important hub for the oil and gas activities in the
Sultanate. In addition to its intermediate position among the regions eligible for
renewable energy production sources, the economic activities in the Wilayat of Haima
benefit from its central location, which links the main population centers in the north and
south of the Sultanate. The main development process also contributes to supporting the
economic movement in the Wilayat.
While most policy layers in the RSS have a sectoral approach, the Urban Change Plans
offer integrated maps showing how sectoral issues play out in Al Wusta’s key settlements
and together outline the future of those places. It is in these key settlements that the
discussion over the use of urban lands is the most urgent and potentially has a far-
reaching impact on daily lives of citizens.
The UCP of Haima provides a visual representation of spatial developments over the next
two decades and incorporate improved urban planning principles. The map focus on
major changes in land-use, thus indicating where urban expansion or infill development
within existing towns should be situated.

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The UCP shows the current 2020 development boundary, as well as the proposed 2040
settlement boundary. As a general rule, all major development proposals should be
situated within this 2040 boundary.
The land uses on the maps use a specific colour for each distinctive land-use, yellow
indicating primary residential areas, purple showing industrial sites, and red indicating
commercial and mixed-use areas. Main geographical features and the main road network
are also shown. Overlays (hatched) are used to show “Infill” developments, consisting
of developments within existing urban areas, which have to be prioritised to create
optimal use of available land and more coherent townscapes.
Figure 3 Urban Map for Haima

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Although the UCP for Haima exists, the MoHUP seeks for its update as a first step before
the Tenderer will proceed with the next level of planning which is the detailed masterplan.
This is because there are unforeseen changes happened in the last years (i.e. Corona
pandemic and its implications to the economic and social sectors.
The update of UCP shall include, indicatively but not exclusively, the following:
 Re-estimation of existing and future population based on the recent 2020 e-

census
 Utilization of government land following a land capacity
 Main transport infrastructure and utilities
 Settlement boundary
 Economic districts
 Identification of planning intervention policies (SD4)
1.2.5 PLANNING LEVEL 4: HAIMA CONCEPT & DETAILED MASTERPLAN

(HDMP)
After the easeful studies of the national and the regional level of Al Wusta, the Masterplan
for Haima will continue in the same manner with ONSS/RSS to achieve the main goals
with considering:
 Identifying the potential for the development of empty plots, as well as plots
with dilapidated buildings that have to be replaced by new housing units.
Policies of ONSS – RSS such as enhancement, regeneration, infill, TOD etc
should be also considered if and where appropriate.
 Considering the existing and the new planning standards to ensure that new
development fits the existing rural context, housing types and building styles.
 Zoning should ensure that functions are situated in appropriate locations.
 Other policy directives for public space improvement, ‘greening’ initiatives for
the city, public transport, car mobility and parking should be integrated in the
plan.
 The organisation of community involvement.

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SECTION 02 - THE SITE
2.1 HAIMA OVERVIEW
The governorate capital of Haima will become a well-planned desert town with good
commercial, education and health care services. The Masterplan will be prepared to this
end. Existing residential quarters will be used for infill developments and a small extension
towards the south should be sufficient to accommodate growth up to 2040.
Taking the RSS as a reference, it proposed a new government district on the northern
side of the main road to further strengthen the role of Haima as a centre of government
with well-designed buildings and attractive public spaces. Haima will also become a focal
point or “feeder centre” of the surrounding oil and gas industry with more restaurants,
hotels and shops around a nicely designed and green central area.
A new logistics industrial area is situated at the northern side of the town to make room
for logistics companies that capture on Haima’s central location in Oman, but also
anticipate on the future railway connection and station (shown as rail corridor on the
urban change plan).

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SECTION 03 - PROJECT AIMS
3.1 AIMS OF UPDATING HAIMA URBAN CHANGE PLAN (UCP)
Haima urban and economic growth requires to be supported with a sound spatial planning
framework that addresses the need to guide urban and economic development, creates the
framework for the protection of key environmental assets and sets priorities for investment that
supports the prosperity of its people, safeguarding its natural environment and strengthening
communities socially and culturally.
The main objectives of updating Haima UCP are:
 Be the planning tool to guide the strategic development
 Translate the RSS vision into clear objectives for the orchestration of the main
elements
 Define the distribution of urban functions of city-wide importance
 Provide a planning governance framework that can guide the spatial development of
the city
 Allow future development projects, be it spatial, social or economic, to be fully
integrated into the city’s development vision
 Provide a definition of spatial and functional conditions at both a strategic level and
plot level
 Adapts to and reduce potential climate change impacts
 Pursues and facilitates economic diversification with the introduction of high value-
added sectors
 Promotes the energy transition
3.2 AIMS OF HAIMA DETAILED MASTERPLAN (HDMP)
Taking the Haima UCP as a backbone, the assignment to develop Haima Detailed Masterplan
must provide a more focused spatial development strategy for Haima city. In setting the agenda
for spatial development on city level, Haima Detailed Masterplan will become one of the
benchmarks for future masterplan across the country, and must therefore and meet the following
objectives:
 Introduce new, high-quality green spaces
 Organize strategic growth consistent that align with the ONSS/RSS
 Develop attractive residential living areas
 Create a pedestrian line along the commercial streets
 Improve public transportation
 Address and improve the Infrastructure issues
 The masterplan shall reflect the cultural aspects of society
 Introduce central HUB for logistic, tourist, and other aspects
 Identify a central area in Haima as main connection for several areas and wilyats
 Preplanned and reorganized the un-utilized government entities land and identify
different alternative utilization options

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SECTION 04 - PROJECT SCOPE

The Project is to be split into three Stages that the Tenderers is to follow in developing
their technical offer. The high-level project approach, and deliverable of each stage is
depicted below. Tenderers will need to respond and elaborate on the methodology and
present a detailed approach for the project execution as part of their technical
submissions.
Note that the Scope for the services Stakeholder Engagement, GIS/OPIS Updates as well
as Capacity Building, Communication & City Branding and Implementation and Delivery
have to be provided throughout all stages.
Figure 4 The Project Stage Diagram
The overall approach shall be interactive with both clients and stakeholders; client-
tenderer workshops shall be preceding through the project.
The overall period for preparing and completing the HDMP shall be six months including
Client approval of final deliverables. However, Tenderers may suggest alternative
schedules for the project stages backed by proper justifications and present the same to
MoHUP as part of tender clarification. Client will review the proposals and if accepted
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shall communicate to all tenderers the new schedule through the standard tender
addendum.
4.1 STAGE 1 – INCEPTION
The project inception report content addresses mainly the project management and
execution plan that will be delivered within two weeks from project initiation. The report
shall cover the comprise the following but not limited to:
- Project boundaries, scoping and project planning
- Approach and methodology of the project
- Scope and deliverables validation; comprehensive stage-wise list of project
deliverables
- Refined project programme presented in complete detail showing all project
milestones and their subtasks
- Quality management approach including a PQP (Project Quality Plan) customised
for the project
- Risk management approach: highlighting key risks associated with the project and
the proposed mitigation strategy
- Project organogram with associated team members and their roles in the project
- Key contacts for the project
- Communication protocol (between client & tenderer)
- Opportunities and Constraints Analysis
- Initial Review of existing information
- PMP (Project Management Plan) clearly setting out procedures for execution and
management of the project in line with Project’s methodology.
- Documentation Procedures – comprehensive documentation and recording of all
stages involved in the development of the HDMP including details of the EDMS
(electronic document management system) used for the project. It is the
Tenderer’s responsibility to manage the process and fully document the
development of the HDMP so it can be easily accessible and traceable for any
future use
- Progress reporting procedures – including weekly dashboards, monthly progress
reports with details of progress monitoring and tracking procedures
- Authorities’ Approval Tracker
- List of Stakeholders and details of Stakeholder Engagement Process customised
for the project.

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- Communication & City Branding Plan

- Outline of the Proposed Implementation and Delivery Strategy to be developed
- Scope of Capacity Building
Stage 1 Deliverables:
- Draft Inception Report
- Final Inception Report
- Project Management Plan (including documentation procedures)
- Stockholder Engagement Process kick-off and Report
4.2 STAGE 2 – DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
The aim of Stage 2 is to collect, review, update, analyse, evaluate and manage data on
the main parameters that define the structure of the current Al Wusta Governorate and
Wellyat of Haima and that will impact on the future of the area. This will form the basis
for transforming the Urban Change Plan into the Al Wusta Governorate and Wellyat of
Plan.
This stage shall include the following sub activities:
 Collection, Review and Update of Data

As part of the ONSS/RSS project, extensive data collection and analysis was carried
out.
- The Client will provide relevant data that is available from the ONSS and RSS,
including Data and Assessment Reports, Land Use, the ONSS/RSS Geodatabase, e-
census 2020, etc.
- The Tenderer will review the existing data and indicate gaps that need to be filled
and collected by the tenderer. The Tenderer shall update the ONSS/RSS Data Base
with the current situation.
- The Tenderer shall lay out a plan on how to gather the identified missing data from
relevant stakeholders in order to obtain a comprehensive database for the HDMP
project. Tenderer shall expand the GIS and OPIS System with the additional dataset.
 Analysis and Evaluation of Data
- The Tenderer will analyse the data collected, formulate findings and summaries the
outcomes.
- Tenderer shall elaborate more on the type of analysis that will be conducted and
submit this as part of the Technical Submission.

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- Identify open questions, conflicts and existing policies to be answered through the
development of the structural plan.
 Management of Database
For the successful implementation of the HDMP, it is essential that all data are
gathered systematically with special attention paid into its handover to a
burgeoning urban planning administration in Oman at project-completion stage.
The Tenderer will be expected to archive, manage, present and hand over the data
in accordance with the existing GIS and OPIS system.
Stage 2 Deliverables:
- Data Collection & Gap Analysis and Review and Update Report
- Report of open Questions
- Cross-Cutting Report
 Stakeholder Consultation Progress (and plan of next stages)
 Capacity Building Progress Report
 GIS/OPIS Update database
- Executive Summary and high-level presentation slides: both English and Arabic
languages which shall be used for stakeholder consultation
- Update Haima UCP
4.3 STAGE 3
 3A HAIMA CONCEPT MASTERPLAN
 3B HAIMA DETAILED MASTERPLAN
At the core of Stage 3A and 3B are the production of the Haima Detailed Masterplan based
on the updated Urban Change Plan of Haima as well as all data gathered through Stage
2, including Stakeholder Engagement.
The stage of the 3A and 3B of Haima Detailed Masterplan shall cover the full scope of
services as the final stage, however, it may indicate open questions to be answered,
additional data to be gathered, conflicts to be resolved and policy alignments to be
addressed.
It is expected that the tenderer should consider the existing connectivity of Haima with
the surrounding settlements and major projects such as other Wilayats in Alwasta and
airport/train projects
It is expected from the Tenderer to follow the recommended structure indicated below
as a guide for the preparation of submission documentation for Masterplan proposals.
The outline provided refers to both Concept Masterplans and Detailed Masterplans, with
information applicable to Detailed Masterplans only, shown in bold.
1. Site context and Analysis (Narrative and Plans)

a. Introduction to the Proposal/ Development

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b. Regional Context – location, positioning, relevant governing

ministries/authorities
c. Local Context/Site Assessment – including character area analysis, existing
land uses, current activities, neighboring (external) land uses and activities
d. Existing and Proposed Site Plan levels.
e. Existing Access and Connectivity – roads, public transport, airports, ports,
pedestrian networks, etc.
2. Development Concept (Narrative, Plans and Tables)
a. land Use
- Land use plan – showing all land uses to be included within the
masterplan/ development proposal
- Urban design concept/ proposal
- Masterplan development Statistics – corresponding to the Land Use
plan
- Site section
- Axonometric drawings
- Renderings, imagery, architectural vision, etc.
B. phasing plan
- phasing plan
- phasing development statistic – data per phase of the development
- ownership / Development Management Plan – private vs. public land
ownership and maintenance
c. landscape and open space
- landscape and Open Space Hierarchy/ Typology Plan – reference to the
ONSS Planning standards
- landscape and Open Space Hierarchy plan
- landscape (hard and soft) and Open Space Character and Features
(street furniture, street art, etc.)
- pedestrian and Cycle Network landscape
- plant palette, Imagery, References
b. community Facilities
- community Facilities Analysis – reference to the ONSS community Facility
Planning Standards for accessibility, capacity, density, distance for all
required community
- community Facilities Plan – all community facilities
3. Transportation (as per relevant Ministry of Transport Standards)
a. Transportation / Mobility strategy
b. TIS or TMP Methodology/ Approval
c. Road Hierarchy Network and Layout Plan – Roads, U-turns, Roundabouts,
Ramps, Bridges, Tunnels etc.
d. public Transport Network (BRT, Taxi, Train – as relevant) – connectivity both
within and from outside the development, including stops, lay-bys, drop offs etc.
e. pedestrian and Cyclist Network – Paths, Networks, Connectivity, Crossings,
Facilities, etc.
f. Proposed Road Levels
g. freight and city logistics
i. parking strategy

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4. Utilities Infrastructure (as per the relevant Utilities Authority Standards)

a. Utilities Layouts, Demand Programmes (by plot and by phase) for:
- Power
- Water
- Irrigation
- Sewerage
- Telecommunication
- Solid Waste Management and Recycling
- District cooling
b. Right of way cross section – relating to road hierarchy plan
5. Environment and heritage
a. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) – Concept Methodology (in
coordination with MECA)
b. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) – Detailed Assessment
(approved by MECA)
c. Archaeological Impact Assessment (AIA) – if required (in coordination with
MECA and MoHC)
6. Sustainability Assessment (SA)

a. Sustainability Assessment Methodology (Objectives definition)
b. Sustainability Assessment Targets and Goals (UN SDGs; Economic,
Environmental, Transport, Utilities Infrastructure, Social, Spatial Assessments –
as applicable)
c. Sustainability Assessment Outcomes (design, interventions,
specifications, strategy etc.)
d. Sustainability Management Plan
7. Development Control Regulations (DCRs)

a. Masterplan Design Regulations and Guidelines – land use, plots,
architecture, landscape (hard and soft), palettes, character areas, walls
and fencing, openings and arcades, lighting, signage and wayfinding,
pedestrian and cyclists, public transport infrastructure.
b. Building Typology Plan – location and guidelines for each building
type.
c. View Corridor Protection Regulations – natural, built views and
corridors which require protection.
d. Individual Plot Development Control Regulation Sheets– plot
information such as permitted land use, envelope, heights, setbacks,
open space, utilities connections, access, egress, parking (as
appropriate), etc.
Note:
- The Tenderer should not proceed to the Detailed Masterplan (stage 3B)
unless the Client approve the Concept Masterplan (stage 3A).
- The Tenderer should consider Duqm masterplan in stage 3A.

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Stage 3A Deliverables (not limited to):
• Update Haima UCP

• HBU (Highest & Best use) Scenario Development
• Concept Masterplan & Cost plan
• Concept Masterplan Presentation to Head of state (HOS) (Provisional) (Arabic and
English)
• Development Constraints & Recommendations
• Plan of Action for Solving identified open question from stage 2
• Cross-cutting report:
- Stakeholder Consultation Report

- Draft Implementation Plan & Phasing Strategy/Plan report (Governance
Framework)
- Capacity Building Progress Report
- GIS/OPIS update database
- Communication & City branding materials as agreed in the strategy
• Stakeholder workshop & materials (aside from smaller meetings and workshops)
Stage 3B Deliverables (not limited to):
 Detailed Masterplan submission and detailed masterplan Presentation to Head of

state (HOS) (Provisional) (Arabic and English)
 Outline Cost Plan and cost benefit analysis for any proposed projects eg. in
infrastructure and transport projects, or etc.
 Cross-cutting report:
- Stakeholder Consultation Progress
- Final Implementation Plan & Phasing Strategy/Plan report (Governance

Framework)
- Capacity Building Progress Report
- GIS / OPIS Updates Report
- Final City brand, vision, communication tools & mechanisms
 Executive Summary and high-level presentation slides (both English and Arabic)

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 Map documents that were produced to support the mapping of Haima detailed
Masterplan
 Manual for the development of the concept and detailed masterplan
 Final Planning guidelines for Haima Detailed Masterplan
 Final Governance Framework Report
 Stakeholder workshop & materials (aside from smaller meetings and workshops)

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SECTION 05 – CROSS CUTTING

5.1 STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT
Genuine stakeholder participation is today essential to ensuring successful project

outcomes. Local participants will not only have both detailed, in-depth local knowledge
and experience of Haima and its environs but will also share a real interest in achieving
the best possible future for their city. Effective, active, and inclusive stakeholder
participation is a proven means to secure support for emerging proposals as it ensures
a sense of ownership and can often mean a smoother design process. A forward-
thinking, creative, and innovative stakeholder engagement plan must therefore be
integral to the development of the Masterplan. It should ensure engagement is
undertaken at all stages, beginning from project inception right up to final approval and
adoption.
The Tenderer shall propose the means for a stakeholder consultation strategy and
mechanism throughout the various stages of the project and submit that as part of the
technical proposal. Tenderer shall include in the bid a minimum of two main workshops
for stakeholder consultations, one at the start of Stage 1 to obtain and develop all
stakeholders input and the other at the end of Stage 3 for the consultation of the Final
Masterplan. The result of the stakeholder consultation shall be reported and submitted
to the Client.
Tenderers may suggest alternative mechanisms and timelines for stakeholder
consultations, if deemed appropriate.
The Tenderer is expected to set out the approach to undertake the following:
- The involvement of the stakeholders or representatives in the programme as
they are identified through the Masterplan development process. The Tenderer
will be expected to target representation from the wider community of Haima, to
include young people, women, disabled, old people, and difficult-to-reach
groups, and propose approaches that ensure that all sectors of society are
involved.
- The identification and definition of key milestones for meetings, presentations,
open seminars, or other forms of engagement to be proposed.
- Collaboration and consensus in developing the Masterplan.
- Demonstrate how they expect the outputs obtained from the engagement plan
will be used to inform the Masterplan development.
- The inclusion of an online presence via a project-specific website, or to also include
social media, providing regular updates on the Masterplan development, which
allows for further engagement and participation. The use of current techniques of
communication in Stakeholder engagement is welcomed.
The inclusion of a Stakeholder Engagement expert will need to form a key part of the
project team with demonstrated experience in handling stakeholder engagement for
comparable city-wide strategic plans.
Deliverables:
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- Stakeholder Engagement Strategy

- Reports (materials, results and analysis of engagement)
- Progress Reports as per section 3
- Stakeholder engagements (workshops, focus groups, meetings, etc…)
- Presentation to Key Stakeholders in Arabic and English
5.2 GIS/OPIS UPDATES
(Policies Data) The Tenderer is to extend the ONSS database model by adding the local
level entities and data structures. The ONSS
database schema will be delivered in UML or XML format under the current ONSS
database schema.
(RawData) It is expected that the Geodatabase structure will evolve as data will be
collected and generated in subsequent stages. Accordingly, at the end of each stage, it
is requested from the Tenderer to submit an updated (populated) model of the
Geodatabase.
On the other hand, the Geodatabase development is to be guided by the ONSS/RSS
mapping guidelines and OPIS data structures.
The Client will provide to the tenderer the ONSS/RSS Geodatabase(s), that includes
Geodatabase model templates related to land use, policies and projects as well as other
relevant datasets. It is expected that the Tenderer will make use of these Geodatabases
as a baseline for implementing the required tasks and develop the model to accommodate
the Masterplan components and finally the action areas spatial elements. The Client will
also provide the Oman Spatial Data Infrastructure Project National Geodatabase (NGDB),
as well as other relevant studies’ data to be used as a reference for developing the project
Geodatabase. The NGDB includes various thematic datasets covering a wide range of
sectors (administrative, infrastructure, transportation, environment, demographics, etc.)
at the Sultanate level.
The datasets that will be prepared and included in the final Geodatabase include, but not
limited, to the following:
- Topography
- Geology
- Solid Waste
- Sewage
- Land use
- Administrative Boundaries
- Telecommunications
- Transportation
- Water Resources
- Water Networks and supply
- Power Networks and supply
- Archaeological/cultural Sites
- Protected Areas
- Natural Resources
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- Risk Areas
- Socio-Economic data
- Location of Committed Planning Projects
- Others as need be or requested.
Tenderers may suggest alternative mechanisms and timelines for stakeholder

consultations, if deemed appropriate.
Deliverables:
- See Deliverables of Stages 1-3
5.3 CAPACITY BUILDING
The work on the HDMP is a pioneering project in Oman. It is essential therefore that it is
supported with a programme of knowledge-transfer from the Tenderer to local
stakeholders, who will seek to develop other similar types of plan for other parts in Oman
in the future.
The Tenderer will need to develop a programme of capacity building, that is engaging,
participative and effective.
In consultation with the Client, the Tenderer will propose a programme of knowledge
transfer that includes the processes and procedures that were adopted in developing the
Masterplan. The programme will need to be supported with best-practice examples that
strengthen the decisions taken to inform development of the spatial development
strategy.
Deliverables:
- Process manual and development of training programme for developing the output
of each Stage; Stage 2: Data gathering, Stage 3: Haima detailed Masterplan
- See Deliverables of Stage 1-3
5.4 IMPLEMENTATION & DELIVERY
An implementation strategy will be essential to ensure the successful delivery of the

Masterplan for Haima. The Tenderer is expected to identify:
- Priority projects of strategic city-wide importance, such as large-scale
infrastructure projects, or key elements
- Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) from the HDMP, for successful delivery within
the given timeframe, to be addressed and considered on an annual basis, with a
mechanism to identify responsibilities

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- A step-by-step framework for a phased implementation of the Masterplan,

supported with target dates for each stage in the masterplan delivery and a
feasible economic/financial model.
- Institutional and governance: The Tenderer will need to identify the key projects
in line and to complement what has been identified by the RSS. The Tenderer is
requested to present the benchmarking of successful implementation strategies of
Masterplan projects they have worked on before.
As part of the Technical Proposal, Tenderers are requested to elaborate on their approach
for implementation and suggest measures that the Client can take to ensure this.
Deliverables:
- Implementation Strategy Report
o Inclusion of best-practice and innovative development solutions such as the
implementation of innovative concepts.
o Development of an adequate and implementable institutional framework/
governance to ensure delivery of the Plan.
- See Deliverables of Section 3
- Presentation to Key Stakeholders in Arabic and English
5.5 COMMUNICATION & CITY BRANDING
HDMP will play an important role as a tool to design and communicate the city’s image
and identity therefore, the city branding shall reflect the image currently, and its vision
in the future. As for Communication, it shall empower stakeholders with tools, resources,
communication and feedback mechanisms.
The Tenderer shall propose a comprehensive communication strategy inclusive of
branding and tools of communication, also a staged communication plan for every stage
of the HDMP development.
Deliverables:
- Communication Strategy (vision and branding of Haima detailed Masterplan,
communication tools and mechanisms)
- Deliverables as per Section 3
 Communication & City branding materials
 Masterplan City brand, vision, communication tools & mechanisms
 Presentation to Key Stakeholders in Arabic and English

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SECTION 6: PROJECT ORGANIZATION & KEY PERSONNEL

REQUIREMENTS
6.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
The successful Tenderer shall have the resources and depth of experience and expertise
to maintain a dedicated program / project management team within Oman in addition to
the necessary supervisory and technical resources from his other offices abroad.
Tenderer’s Staff deployed for the Scope of Services shall be composed of highly qualified
and experienced technical staff for the proper performance of the services and for
achieving the project objectives.
Successful Tenderer program management scope shall include but not be limited to
developing a detail project schedule, monthly reporting of the progress of the project,
coordination of meetings with the Client and developing and managing the project risk
matrix.
6.2 KEY PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS AND QUALIFICATIONS
During the course of the (6) months of the project, the Tenderer shall make available a
Core team for the development of the HDMP with the following minimum requirements
for time spent in Oman to actively participate in the project. The tenderer should establish
offices in both Muscat and Haima and make sure the following team members will be
available to mobilize between both Muscat and Haima according to the project needs.
Discipline Time to be Spent in Oman

Lead Expert Specialist
Project Manager 100%
Technical Lead 100%
Urban Planning 50% 100%
Transport Mobility 50% 100%
Urban Design 50% 100%
GIS 50% 100%
Technical support 100%
Table 1: Core Team Minimum Presence in Oman

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The following table describes the minimum guidelines for the project team members,
their qualifications and working experiences:
Key Expert Academic qualifications Required credentials

& Years’ experience
Project Director Degree with an experience - Decision maker within

of at least 20 years the firm.
- Relevant professional
experience in
leadership positions,
management,
contractual, financial
and conflict resolution.
Project Manager Degree with experience in - Relevant professional

program management, experience in
contractual and finance. leadership positions,
management,
Experience: At least 20 years contractual, financial
in the field of regional and conflict resolution.
planning, urban planning or - International
development planning and experience working in
delivery. the field of
development planning
in several countries
preferably in the Gulf
region.
- Have led teams of
similar nature and
enjoys team work
spirit.
- Excellent oral and
written communication
skills in English.
- Computer literate and
aware of computer-
based planning models.
Technical lead Degree with experience in - Relevant professional
the field of regional experience in
planning, urban planning management and
or development planning regional and urban
and delivery. planning and related
fields, sectoral /spatial
Experience: At least 20 planning.
years in leadership and - International
management positions on experience working in
decision making and the field of
development planning
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conflict resolution in urban in several countries

planning preferably in the Gulf
region.
- Have led teams of
similar nature and
enjoys team work
spirit.
- Excellent oral and
written communication
skills in English.
- Computer literate and
aware of computer-
based planning models.
Team Leaders and Experts
Regional and Urban Degree in Urban & - Responsible for
Planning Expert Regional Planning or other developing quality
relevant studies regional strategies and
spatial plans.
Experience: At least 15 years - Preparation of work
plans and reports for
implementation
- Preparation for and
attendance to key client
meetings.
- Expertise in preparing
and editing reports of
complex studies.
- Excellent interpersonal
and communication
skills.
- Excellent command of
English. Knowledge of
Arabic would be an
asset.
- Experience in project
management.
- Experience in
developing and
applying project
monitoring systems.
Urban Design Expert Degree in Urban Design/ - Provision of spatial
Urban Planning and Open visualisation for
Space, or other relevant detailed area plans.
studies - Broad-based
experience in urban
Experience: 15 years design and
development matters.

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- Experienced in design
of local urban areas.
Landscape design expert Degree in engineering or - Experience in city
Landscape architecture landscaping and design
of open spaces in
Experience: 15 years similar climatic
environment
Public Administration and Degree in public - Have worked with

Urban Governance administration or business national and local
Specialists administration governments to
develop and implement
Experience: 10 years of institutional
International experience enhancement programs
- Background in public
policy making.
Stakeholder Engagement Degree in Socio-economic - Organisation and
Expert studies, or other relevant management of
discipline participatory processes.
- Design and carry out
Experience: 10 years social surveys
- Extensive experience in
corresponding tasks
and engagements.
Economist Degree in the field of - Experience in planning
economics and local development
of economic sectors
Experience: 15 years and investments.
Legal and Institutional Degree in legal affairs - Assessment of legal

Expert bases, implications, and
Experience: 10 years requirements.
- Knowledgeable on legal
matters regarding
urban planning, land
management,
resettlement, etc.
Environmental Expert Degree in Environmental - Experience of

Engineering or undertaking
Environmental planning environmental review.
- Experience in setting
Experience: 10 years environmental
management plans on
regional or urban scale.
Infrastructure and Utilities Degree in relative fields of - Experience of
Experts Energy, Utilities & undertaking
Infrastructure infrastructure designs
(roads, utilities, etc.).
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Experience: 15 years - Experience in setting

infrastructure
management plans on
regional or urban scale.
Urban mobility planning Degree in the same field - Experience in the field
expert of transport and
Experience: 15 years mobility planning
- Experience in the
provision of similar
studies for large urban
centres.
Transportation Engineer- Bachelor Degree in
Transport Modeler Expert relevant topic and proven - Experience in transport
specialisation in Transport modelling using PTV
Modelling VISUM and traffic
analysis
Experience: 10 years
GIS Expert Degree in Data - GIS and other IT
management or related related mapping
fields experience.
- Broad–based
Experience: 15 years experienced in regional
and urban mapping and
GIS application.
- GIS experience in city
and urban planning
development projects
Social Expert - Provide technical
direction to define
social behaviour
approaches and
activities to ensure
public buy-in
- Develop social
behaviour packages
(framework, tools,
messages and
materials)
- Develop detailed
implementation plans
for social behaviour
interventions, and
ensure high quality and
timeline delivery of
deliverables against
intended objectives,
targets, and timelines.
- Preferably Arabic
Speaker
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City Marketing Expert Degree in Marketing and - Experience in city

city branding marketing and
promotional
Experience: 10 years campaigning
- Experience in public
relations
Technical Support Personnel
Support Personnel Degree in relevant fields - Secretaries, data entry
operators, GIS
Experience: 3-5years technicians, draftsmen,
relevant experience architects, data
collection team,
surveyors, etc.
Table 2: Key Personnel Required and Qualifications

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APPENDIX A: ONSS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

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APPENDIX B: AL WUSTA RSS

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APPENDIX C: DETAILED SCOPE

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DETAILED SCOPE
This section details the scope for consultants for the development of HDMP. This is by no
means an exhaustive description of activities required by the Consultant to perform the
services under this tender. Tenderers are therefore requested to respond by elaborating
on the Scope of Services and include that as part of their technical submissions
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Data collection and analysis phase shall include, but not limited, to the following
planning themes:
INFRASTRUCTURE UTILITIES
The Consultant is to collect data, to include the following where available:

− Planned/ future infrastructure projects including networks and utility facilities
such as desalination plants, regional and sub-regional water reservoirs with
pump stations, wastewater treatment plants, etc.
− Rainfall data, flood risk mapping studies, and recharge and attenuation dams
− Provisional flood risk assessment maps prepared for the RSS and ONSS
− Storm surge
− Hydrology and hydraulic studies, and updated wadi flood risk maps in order to
identify (and prioritise) areas at risk.
− Areas that are experiencing an increase in groundwater levels.
− Studies, recommendations and procedures prepared by the Civil Aviation
Authority (CAA) in relation to delineating the extent of storm surges.
− Location and data about existing wells such as:
− Groundwater studies, including groundwater balance and quality;
− Wellfield Protection Zones (WPZ)
− All relevant information on the Solid Waste Management (SWM) sector and
practices, including regulatory data and guidelines, sustainability aspirations,
generation rates and compositions, existing and planned solid waste storage and
collection requirements, existing and planned SWM infrastructure projects (such
as transfer stations, processing and treatment plants, energy recovery plants,
final disposal sites, etc.)
− Data about the existing wet utilities (water, wastewater, irrigation, firefighting
and stormwater networks), including the locations, dimensions and levels of the
networks.
− HAYA WATER Regional Master plan for wastewater systems.
− HAYA WATER Guidelines.
− Public Authority for Electricity and Water (PAEW) studies, such as Water
demands, planned reservoirs and networks.
− PAEW guidelines.
− Existing constraints, if any, that may have a bearing on the project development.
− All planned / future infrastructure projects including grid station, primary
substation, corridor reservation for overhead or underground lines, etc.

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− Updated data about the existing electrical utilities (HV and MV networks)
including location, dimension, spare capacities, voltage level, etc.
− Updated guidelines and standards from relevant authorities such as OETC,
MEDC, etc.
The received data related to the existing electrical network is to be studied and
analysed, and the following activities are to be undertaken:
− Analysis of the collected authorities' regulations, procedures, standards, and

relevant information that will assist in evaluating the existing systems and for
planning for the future systems.
− Analysis of the existing and planned primary and secondary infrastructure
networks and utility systems.
− Determining the location, capacity, and processes of existing substations.
− Review, evaluate and update the current and projected levels of consumption
and demands based on previous studies and forecasts undertaken.
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
The Consultant is to collect/ complement data related to the following:

A wide-ranging characterisation of the socio-economic situation in Haima and the
establishment of the key baseline indicators to assist the production of socio-economic
projections, scenarios and evaluation. The Consultant is expected to utilise the full
spectrum of data sources available and undertake interviews with project stakeholders to
ensure an up-to-date picture is provided. The Consultant is also expected to deploy the
innovative use of the GIS tool already developed for ONSS and other spatial data to
capture the socio-economic aspects of land-use change and, in part, to compensate for
potential gaps in other types of datasets.
Key example socio-economic baseline indicators include:
− Macro-economic and FDI trends;
− Age, gender and demographic composition;
− Educational attainment, including skills attainment;
− Labour force status;
− Employment/ occupational activity;
− Schooling of children (by age and gender);
− The health status of household members;
− Average incomes/ household income with sources of income;
− Household expenditure on different needs such as transport;
− Access to key infrastructure/ services.
The consultant should update the existing economic model from the RSS and the
analysis should provide a comprehensive diagnosis of issues that underpin the socio-
economic development of Haima, covering emerging trends, opportunities, constraints
and threats. It should identify the key parameters and informants for the follow-on
projections, as well as the economic development strategy.

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SURVEY UPDATE
Land use survey:

An update of the existing land use survey taken from the RSS study is to be undertaken
based on a preliminary desktop study using up-to-date satellite imagery for 2021/2022,
with an appropriate accuracy, to identify the areas with land use deviation, and for
which targeted field surveys are to be conducted.
TRANSPORT SURVEY
In support of the development of the Oman National Transport Model (ONTM), an

extensive number of traffic surveys were conducted across the country over the period
from October 2017 to early 2018. The ONTM base year model was built, calibrated, and
validated based on these traffic surveys.
Aiming the recalibration of the base year model as per the new data – changes (post-
COVID 19 period) the new 2020 e-census data etc., the Consultant shall organise and
conduct two types of field surveys:
1. traffic surveys e.g. Automatic Traffic Counts, journey times etc. in some of the same
locations as per the 2017 survey program as control -checkpoints in order to compare
the two periods between the base year model 2017 and today and do the needed
adjustments.
2. traffic surveys e.g. Automatic Traffic Counts, journey times, Household survey etc. in
new locations so that the Consultant will ensure that the new disaggregated TAZ
system (according to the needed level of details in the masterplan) will have the
needed data populated properly.
The Consultant is expected to calibrate and validate the base year Model. The
Consultant will describe in his technical offer the type of surveys and the methodology
he proposes to follow to do the above.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE HAIMA DETAILED MASTERPLAN
SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
The masterplan spatial development will need to be in line with the planning policies
developed in the RSS, in order to ensure compact development and efficient future land
use and put an end to the continuous horizontal expansion of urban areas. Based on
the planning intervention policies identified in the RSS studies, the Urban Change Plan
(UCP), and Stage 2 data collection and analysis, the masterplan needs to identify the
additional developable land over brownfield land within the Haima UCP area to
accommodate future expansion, and the existing areas that need infill, regeneration
and enhancement. Limiting urban sprawl by ensuring compact development is one of
the main requirements of this masterplan in order to achieve future sustainable urban
development.
The Consultant’s methodology must cover the below-listed items:
− Land use plan
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− Development area schedules for land use areas, as well as population and
housing unit projections
− Planning and urban design guidelines, Design Control and Regulations (DCR).
Urban design guidelines are needed for the following key areas:
 Public realm – the streets, parks, and urban squares that are accessible to
the public
 Built Form – the size, mass, scale, design elements, and uses of buildings,
both individually and in how they relate to each other collectively
 Public realm and mobility areas for walking, transit, bicycle and private
vehicles
Heritage and cultural resources, with guidelines for buildings and landscapes that are
considered to be important to current and future generations, and that should be
preserved including: coastal setbacks, defined areas for protection/restoration and their
relevant guidelines; landmarks and viewpoints that need to be maintained and their
guidelines/ standards; at-risk areas and relevant guidelines/ interventions required and
pollution monitoring stations.
LANDSCAPE STRATEGY
Following the review and analysis of the relevant site surveys, and the collection of
baseline data, the Consultant is to review the current distribution, size and quality of
the existing network of open space, and assess their accessibility, in order to provide a
strategy to their enhancement. The strategy should aim to ensure that all urban areas
are within close proximity of open space, and should advise on how the masterplan
strategy will achieve this, identifying areas of deficiency that need to be resolved.
The development of the landscape strategy is to include the provision of an open space
hierarchy including: public parks, communal open space, urban squares and
streetscapes and pedestrian green routes. The Consultant will need to present their
approach to delivering a landscape strategy that promotes the generation of a unified,
safe and welcoming public environment for all.
DEMOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
The Consultant is to produce projections of population, households and employment,

together with robust calculations of the anticipated net land use requirement at
appropriate geographical units over the planned timeline and interval phases, that will
inform the emerging planning framework over the timeline of the projected period of
development that the masterplan should cover.
The Consultant is expected to conduct the following exercises:
− Review and update the base case population and employment/ labour force
projections for Haima, as produced under the RSS, taking into account
underlying assumptions used in the Oman National Population Model and any
significant trends and developments that have occurred since completion of the
RSS;
− Produce projections for population and employment growth that reflect
opportunities and risks identified by the Consultant;

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− Produce appropriate disaggregation of projected population by Omani/ Non-

Omani, gender, age group, household, economic classification and other
characteristics as required;
− Quantify and disaggregate socio-economic projections to help guide future
allocations and area-specific master planning (which do not form a part of this
current scope).
The Consultant should pay particular attention to the translation of quantified sectoral
employment and household demand into land use categories, and illustrate how this
may be influenced by emerging economic and social trends.
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
Economic Development Strategy within the masterplan shall determine the broad scale
and composition of the economy that will influence future land use and general physical
development over the proposed timeline. The Consultant is expected to identify key
sectoral drivers and emerging activities that present strong and realistic opportunities
for investment and economic diversification.
The principal aspects of the Economic Development Strategy are expected to include:
− Sectoral assessment/ opportunities;
− Social infrastructure gap analysis, including training and skills;
− Organisational arrangements for delivering economic projects;
− Regulatory environment (including planning, land use and development policy);
− Refreshed project portfolio (review of the RSS);
− Assessment of the project funding and financing environment, including PPP
options, or a different funding model, determining innovative finance
mechanisms that fit in Haima other than business as usual.
The main outcome is the production of an Economic Development Framework detailing
the target activities, projects, interventions, responsibilities, timeline, and proposed
funding/ financing model (to be consistent with the masterplan phases and timeline).
In particular, the Consultant shall:
Validate the feasibility of the newly proposed economic districts as listed in the Ad Al
Wusta RSS; and provide an implementation framework including regulatory structures,
PPP arrangements, development phasing, infrastructure requirements, transport
connectivity, financial planning)
Stimulating the rural economy
− Modern new CBD with modern commercial premises, hospitality, retail and
attractive public spaces
− Residential development will take the form of a more compact villa typology,
townhouses and new formats for apartments, with improved access to public
gardens and natural open space within the urban area.
− -Major highway and public transport investment.
INVESTMENT STRATEGY
The masterplan should place great importance on identifying potential sites and
locations for investment that can be swiftly expedited and also establish the broad

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expectation of economic and financial benefit associated with them. The RSS should be
used as a guide to identify opportunity sites and locations, and Consultants are
expected to elaborate on these and identify additional sites and project opportunities at
a more detailed scale.
Key elements of the study should include:
• Locational analysis;
• Market demand/need analysis;
• Detailed land use options analysis;
• Identify necessary infrastructure;
• Costing, due diligence and viability testing;
• Financial assessment and modelling;
• Business case preparation, marketing plan;
• Proposed Timeline and Project Phasing;
• Project delivery/implementation guidance.
Accordingly, the Consultants are expected to advise on an appropriate PPP model(s)
and regulatory framework for attracting private sector investment for each
recommended priority project and or host sector under which it will operate.
EFFICIENT TRANSPORT STRATEGY

The Consultant will prepare the concept design of the transport network based on the
Ministry’s requirements, and the outcome of the RSS policies and projects. This includes
the road network, the protected rail corridor (passenger and freight), airport and port,
public transit networks and services, including buses and stations. In addition, the
pedestrian and micro-mobility network, parking strategy (including parking charges),
the new development in transport technology systems or the ITS systems, the travel
demand measures and the city logistic solutions. The masterplan will include the final
transport policy and projects.
Transport Model Update

In order to fully grasp the impact on Haima, the forecast ONTM will need to be utilised
with the following refinement carried out:
 The Consultant is expected to revalidate the base year model and update the
supply and demand elements of the forecast models 2025, 2030, 2035 and
ultimately year 2040. The highway road network included in the current models will
need to be reviewed and checked for any missing city-level local road network,
including changes in junction control since 2017. Similarly, the public transport

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network included in the model will need to be checked for inter-urban city-
scheduled bus networks.
 Review and disaggregation of the TAZ system in Haima as per the agreed grains/
level of details of the masterplan; incorporating with the updates from the 2020
census data; the current TAZ allocated to the Haima should undergo a finer review
and disaggregation exercise incorporating the preliminary masterplan land-uses.
The Consultant will be provided with a user manual for undertaking this task.
 The ONTM forecast models (2025, 2030, 2035 and 2040) were built for two
scenarios: Do-Minimum and Do-Something. The RSS models for the Do-Minimum
models will need to be re-visited and reviewed by the Consultant for new updated
information on the planned and committed developments, and highway and public
transport networks that were considered to be in place by the corresponding
forecast years. The Consultant will need to develop the forecast DM and DS
models for the three weekday peak hours (AM, LT and PM) and daily models
based on the Haima Detailed Masterplan Urban strategy
From the results obtained from the forecast model assignments, the Consultant is to
apply mitigation measures when the model experiences congestion and overcapacity.
The mitigating measures will need to be applied to the model, and further assignments
carried out until a satisfactory Level of Service (LOS) is achieved. Once this process is
completed in the update of the model, the Consultant is to develop the road network
hierarchical system and produce typical cross-sections based on Oman Highway Design
Manual.
 Roads, public transportation and active travel The Consultant is required to provide
their methodology for the update of the road network system hierarchy based on
the outcome of the updated NTM model, considering a fully integrated approach
with the urban planning strategy of land use distribution. Development of urban
districts that are structured around high-density and well-connected urban centres
must be included in this methodology, together with the co-friendly modes of
transport development for more sustainable and walkable residential
neighbourhoods.
The Consultant’s methodology must be explicit on how it intends to establish a public
transport network and system (routes, stops and terminals configuration including
pedestrian accessibility, fare policy etc.) and a built environment that favours the
walking and cycling as genuine modes of transport while retaining a role for private
vehicles within the transportation system.
The Consultant is to develop dedicated provisions for active modes of transport with the
view to support a public transport system of various modes as developed in the RSS
study. The Consultant is also to introduce and plan a well-connected pedestrian and
cycling infrastructure and dedicated network at the existing neighbourhood level and
also in close proximity to public transit routes so that most of the short and medium
distance trips are made by these active modes;
The Methodology of using the Transport Model in all stages (stage 2 and 3) should be
clearly explained. For example, it is expected that the model will be used for the typical
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period in stage 2 for validation and calibration of the base year model (2022) and
analysis of the existing situation, in stage 3 for the assessment of forecasted demand
and future scenarios, testing of alternatives in the system for the concept and detailed
masterplan for the different time horizons.
A parking strategy needs to be developed by the Consultant taking account of the
different land-use distribution and also recommending specific parking control demand
measures as set out in the RSS transport policies. The methodology should be clearly
described considering the identification of supply as a step to realise the gaps and then
propose specific off-street parking stations locations and capacities, P&R facilities etc
The consultant should propose the method and surveys needed to calculate the existing
parking supply and estimate the balance in demand in the future time horizons and
assess car parking requirements.
The handover of the model should report all the details, steps, methodology,
assumptions and calculations used. Manual to be produced including but not limited to
a detailed description of the operations carried out regarding:
● Updating of the national model, ONTM, in terms of infrastructures,
services, land-use, scenarios. It will be specified “what, how and why” of the
modifications
● The procedure of the use of the model
 Level of details achieved in the model, such as zoning, road network,
public transport, etc. description, examples and maps should be provided
to clarify all the mentioned topics.
EFFICIENT INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEM STRATEGY

The Consultant needs to start preparing the concept masterplan of the infrastructure
network based on the Ministry’s requirements, and the outcome of the RSS policies.
This includes the pre-concept requirements for the different utility networks, as well as
the preliminary location of the required utility buildings such as the wastewater
treatment plant, water treatment plant, reservoirs, elevated water tanks, pump stations,
lift stations, electrical substations and telecommunication data centre
The Consultant will need to cover the following as part of the Preliminary Infrastructure
Plans development:
− Hydrological study of Haima, along with floodplain delineation, while upgrading the
flooding risk maps as per existing guidelines and establishing buffer zones for
future development, ensuring wadi channelization in compliance with the RSS, and
the following:
 Rainfall analysis
 Drainage basins
 Hydrologic and hydraulic preliminary modelling
 Hazard identification
 Preliminary sizing of proposed storm retention dams

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- Electrical Infrastructure in compliance with the relevant RSS policies including but
not limited to the following:
 Design criteria
 Load estimate calculation based on the BUA and GFA. The load estimate is to
include the load and diversity factors at the different voltage levels
 Location and plot reservation of proposed substations
 Proposed upgrade of existing stations if required
 Corridor reservation for the different voltage levels
 Single line diagrams/schematic diagrams for new and upgraded substations;
 Routing for HV and MV cables down to distribution level (11kV);
 Sizing for outdoor package substations;
 Concept utility disposition drawings showing the arrangement of the utility
corridors based on the various type of roads
− Infrastructure utilities, in compliance with the relevant policies set out in the RSS,
including but not limited to the following:
 Routing and sizing for potable water, irrigation, firefighting, wastewater and
storm water pipelines along the roads included in the land use plan
 Location, sizing and upgrading of desalination plants
 Location and sizing of proposed STPs and upgrading of existing STPs if
needed
 Preliminary sizing of TSE reservoirs, and corresponding irrigation network and
pump stations
 Location and preliminary sizing of water and firefighting regional and sub-
regional reservoirs and pump stations
 Locations and preliminary sizing of sewage lift stations
 Discharge location points for storm water drainage networks
− Solid Waste Management strategy in compliance with the RSS-relevant policies

including, but not limited to:
 Identifying solid waste types and sources, and the estimation of forecast
generation quantities/ volumes, based on land use types
 Classification of solid waste compositions by percentage distribution of waste
material constituents
 Evaluation and recommendation of sustainable measures and source-
separation practices, as applicable to project specific conditions
 Assessment of main upstream SWM requirements such as solid waste
temporary storage, and collection needs and recommendations
 Locations and preliminary sizing of all proposed downstream SWM
infrastructure needs, such as waste treatment/ processing plants and final
disposal sites

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ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

Al Wusta has several unique landscapes and ecosystems, including the central stony
desert (Jiddat) and the coastal areas including the Bar al Hikman wetlands. There is a
shared concern among stakeholders engaged in the RSS process that degradation of
these unique environmental assets continues to take place, resulting from a
combination of factors such as lack of spatial planning and inadequate management.
Better protection of natural assets is thus imperative, regarding spatial planning,
environmental management, enforcement of regulations and the necessary institutional
arrangements.
Haima will expand and become an integrated urban area in which a comprehensive
approach to the protection of the natural environment and built heritage is needed,
which should include the wider improvement of the towns and villages as attractive,
pedestrian-friendly and visitor welcoming destinations. However, this expansion will put
the sensitive natural and cultural heritage at risk. The HDMP needs to embed
environmental principles and practices into the wider spatial planning
system and sectoral development processes. Also ensure that areas of natural
and cultural sensitivity, terrestrial, are proactively managed and enhanced; and that
future development is integrated into and respectful of Oman’s natural environment and
cultural heritage
The Governorate of Al Wusta enjoys a wealth of natural heritage, including dramatic

landscape and scenery, rich biodiversity and habitats for flora and fauna, a unique
geological setting, and cultural heritage. However, rapid urban expansion has put the
sensitive natural and cultural heritage at risk. The masterplan of Haima must therefore
proactively manage and conserve ecologically-sensitive areas and valuable cultural and
geological sites, and manage extensive overgrazing and rural sprawl, while accounting
for sensitive receptors and their proximity to polluting sectors such as industrial and
contamination by drilling fluids and disposal of oil production water are potential
concerns.
Improved Environmental Monitoring
A healthy environment is essential for the well-being of Haima residents. To keep the
environment in a good condition, the quality of water and air requires constant
monitoring, as do greenhouse gas emissions and other sources of pollution while
currently data are being gathered for some environmental parameters, there is a need
for a more structured approach. The consultant shall recommend putting in place an
Environmental Monitoring Network that enables the gathering, storing and analysing of
environmental data such as:
− Improving Air Quality
− Noise Management
− Water Quality

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Special Planning Zone (SPZ) and Nature Conservation Areas (NCAs)
 Special Planning Zones (SPZs) are established in parts of Oman characterised by

natural beauty where developments need to be controlled in order to better
preserve the distinct character of the area. The SPZs are a planning tool that help
strengthening environmental protection while also promoting socio-economic
development. Given their aim of sustainable development, the SPZs can be
compared with National Parks in other countries, and over time, may obtain a
similar status in Oman. The following SPZs are (partly) situated in Al Wusta:
 The Huquf and Jiddat al Harassis SPZ which includes the terrestrial
areas of the Huquf and parts of the Jiddat al Harassis.
 A small part of the Sharqiyah Sands SPZ that extends into northern
Al Wusta.
 A small part of the Dhofar Mountains SPZ that extends into southern
Al Wusta from Dhofar (Al Jazer coast).
 The Al Wusta and Masirah SPZ which includes the terrestrial and
marine areas of Bar al Hikman,
 Gulf of Masirah and Masirah Island, up to Hijj (Mahawt) in the west
and the Sharqiyah Sands SPZ.
● Within Al Wusta Governorate, the SPZ aims to protect about 13,890 km2 of the
terrestrial area from harmful or unsustainable development (refer to the attached
RSS in the appendix). However, there are certain areas of outstanding
conservation concern, such as remarkable biodiversity value or geological assets,
where all forms of anthropogenic intervention need to be carefully regulated
through the designation of Nature Conservation Areas.
● Nature Conservation Areas (NCA’s):

There are currently five areas identified by the RSS for Nature Conservation, two
existing site, and three proposed areas. The consultant must consider the
identified sites and prepare the management guidelines considering the points
below:
● Strengthen the connectivity of the NCA’s with the other natural and
cultural heritage sites surrounding the Haima boundary
● Restriction areas and activities to be clearly indicated
Water resources:
The consultant should ensure the optimum management and use of all water resources
through the following:
● Groundwater Management Plans
 Excessive and unsustainable groundwater abstraction potentially leads to
depletion of groundwater
● Technical Assistance for Monitoring Water Sources
● Develop Opportunities for TSE Reuse

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 Review and Re-evaluate water resource protection zones (WPZ, Aflaj,

dams) and improve their performance
 Developing sustainable and resilient water resources
Flood Risk Study and Flood Mitigation Infrastructure Investment Programme

The Flood Risk Study and Flood Mitigation Infrastructure Investment Programme should
cover at least the following components:
 Analysis of existing work and models and their applicability to the study at
hand.
 Collection of relevant data in a central database (e.g. precipitation, water
levels, DEM, drainage infrastructure data).
 Assess data availability, identify data gaps and conduct surveys to fill gaps.
 Detailed modelling study to develop hazard maps (inundation, flow velocity)
for various return periods (incl. climate change) using next-gen modelling
software.
 Identification of infrastructure, land use, natural features and population
exposed to flood hazards.
 Mapping of vulnerability, critical infrastructure and economic values in
exposed areas.
 Identification of flood risks based on exposure to hazards, vulnerability,
critical infrastructure and economic values.
 Identification of potential hard (infrastructure) and soft measures to mitigate
flood risks in close consultation with stakeholders.
 Assess impact of potential measures using scenario modelling, stakeholder
involvement and Cost-Benefit-Assessments.
 Identification of short-term and ‘no-regret’ measures and development of
medium to long term plans incl. financing mechanisms
SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY
The Consultant should provide an overall strategy for urban sustainability and urban
resilience, that is Informed by the assessment above. The overall strategy should be
aligned with the following:
1. Oman National Spatial Plan Strategic Goal 1: Anticipate, mitigate and adapt to
climate change.
2. Regional Spatial Strategy for the Al Wusta Governorate Spatial Policies
towards 2040: Sustainable Development and Climate Change.
The Consultant shall carry out a high-level climate change impact assessment for
Haima. The assessment shall include but is not limited to, climate-related risks
highlighted in the RSS. At a minimum, it should include an assessment of water
security, increased rain variability, increased temperatures, extreme weather events and
flood risk. It should also outline possible climate resilience approaches.

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APPENDIX D: ABBREVIATIONS & GLOSSARY OF TERMS

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ABBREVIATIONS
ASYAD: Oman National Logistics Group

BRT: Bus Rapid Transit
CBD: Central Business District
CZMP: Coastal Zone Management Plan
EIA: Environmental Impact Assessment
FDI: Foreign Direct Investment
GDP: Gross Domestic Product
GIS: Geographic Information System
IBAO: Important Bird Area of Oman
IPA: Important Plant Area
IUCN: International Union for the Conservation of Nature
MAF: Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries
MD: Ministerial Decision
MECA: Ministry of the Environment and Climate Affairs
MoCI: Ministry of Commerce and Industry
MoH: Ministry of Housing
MoHC: Ministry of Heritage and Culture
MoT: Ministry of Tourism
MoT: Ministry of Transportation
MW: Megawatt
NCA: Nature Conservation Area
NCSI: National Center for Statistics and Information
NPA: National Planning Authority (proposed)
NTS: National Transport Survey
ONSS: Oman National Spatial Strategy
OETC: Oman Electricity Transmission Company
ONTM: Oman National Transport Model
OPIS: Oman Planning Information System
OPWP: Oman Power and Water Procurement
ORTMC: Oman Road and Transportation Management Company LLUC
PAEW: Public Authority for Electricity and Water
PAPP: Public Authority for Privatisation and Partnership
PDO: Petroleum Development Oman
PPP: Public Private Partnership
RAECO: Rural Areas Electricity Company
RD: Royal Decree
RPT: Regional Planning Team (proposed)
RSS: Regional Spatial Strategy
SBIZ: Special Botanical Interest Zones
SCP: Supreme Council for Planning
SPZ: Special Planning Zones
STP: Sewerage Treatment Plant
TDM: Travel Demand Management
TOD: Transport Oriented Development
TSE: Treated Sewage Effluent
WPZ: Wellfield Protection Zone

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GLOSSARY
Administrative The established hierarchy of administrative boundaries based on

Hierarchy size in Oman:
1. Sultanate
2. Governorate (Muhafadhat)
3. Wilayat
4. Hila
Planning levels 1. National Level National Spatial Strategy

Policy Framework
Consolidated planning Standards
2. Regional level Governorate Spatial Strategy

Policy Framework
General Planning Standards
3. Structural level Urban Boundary Spatial

Policy Framework
4. Master Plan level Action Area Plan

Plot Planning Standards
Agricultural Settlement Small rural settlement which is linked to a sizeable area of natural
or planted agricultural area.
Bottom-up/ Top-down Bottom-up – Ideas originating from ordinary people/ non-
professionals or lower layers of an organisation that can
proactively influence decision-making in an urban context.
Top-down – The reverse. Ideas and decisions from high-ranking/

government officials that influence/ impact the lives/ context of
ordinary people.
Brownfield Land Land (or a defined site) that has been previously developed.
Building Code The term 'building codes' refers to rules/ regulations that set out
the standards to which all buildings and other structures must
conform so as to obtain planning permission, usually from a local
council. The codes cover design, construction, alteration, repair
and maintenance and specify the minimum requirements
necessary to safeguard the health, safety and welfare of building
occupants and the public as well as other impacts on the
environment, efficiency, community, etc. In some countries,
building codes are referred to as 'building regulations'.
Building Regulations Building regulations are a set of standards for design and
construction that apply to alterations of existing buildings and
most new builds. The standards are very in-depth and include
consideration of materials and workmanship requirements,
structural matters, fire safety, sound insulation, energy

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conservation, provision of infrastructure and access to and use of

buildings.
Capacity Building Programmes to develop/ improve the capabilities of the personnel

working within the country’s planning/ development system.
Census 2010 Government survey to identify population figures and population

mix within the country. Usually undertaken every 10 years.
Central Business The main business or commercial area of a town or city – area of
District high economic activity.
Committed land (or All land which is allocated for development (particularly
commitments) residential development as part of the Ministry of Housing’s
subdivision plans).
Conurbation A conurbation is a region comprising a number of cities, large

towns, and other urban areas that, through population growth
and physical expansion, have merged to form one continuous
urban or industrially developed area. In most cases, a
conurbation is a polycentric urbanised area, in which
transportation has developed to link areas to create a single
urban labour market or travel to work area.
Densification A development strategy used to increase the capacity of an

existing urban area to house more people/ dwelling units and the
development of support economic and social infrastructure. The
process improves land utilisation and infrastructure provision,
contributes to the achievement of sustainability targets and
counters urban sprawl.
Density In the case of residential development, a measurement of either

the number of habitable rooms per hectare, or more commonly,
the number of dwellings per hectare.
Development Control Development control is the process by which planning authorities

manage the extent and nature of growth in local areas and the
standards/ building codes/ regulations that must be followed in
order to construct a building or other structure.
Landowners/ developers wishing to develop are typically required

to apply to a planning authority for permission to build prior to
commencing any development work. Such development control –
regulating and managing what is built where, when and how –
allows authorities to manage land across a large area. It allows
authorities to balance competing needs – such as allocating land
for farming, while accommodating the growth of cities and towns
– and to protect areas with particular values. The implementation
of relevant standards and regulations ensures that all buildings
safeguard the intended users of the building or structure.
Development Development control regulations are the Policies and Regulations

Regulations that can regulate and control the standard of development as
well as the projected physical growth in an area to ensure that
development is sustainable, and that best practice is integrated
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into the planning of an area to ensure that it is developed as an

attractive place to live, work and visit.
District Centre Usually comprising groups of shops and some services, separate
from the town centre, but with more variety than local centres.
Can include suburban centres.
Expansion A growth strategy when an area (within the Urban Boundary)

refers to an increase in the built-up area of a settlement or
collection of settlements (e.g. at the national level). This often
accompanies an increase in urban population size (i.e. urban
growth).
Gap Analysis The difference between ‘what there currently is’ against ‘what
there should be’ to implement the planning system
Governorates Administrative sub-area made up of Wilayats; at roughly the

(Muhafadhat) same scale as a region.
Green Belt Areas of open land surrounding existing built up areas, the
purpose of which is to check the unrestricted sprawl of the built-
up area to safeguard the surrounding countryside against
encroachment. There is a presumption against inappropriate
development with the Green Belt.
Greenfield Land Land (or a defined site) which has not been previously
developed.
Hila Smallest administrative boundary currently in Oman – used by

the NCSI when undertaking national census surveys.
Land Use How land is used by humans for economic, residential,

recreational, conservational and governmental purposes. Land
use is closely associated with human community development.
Mixed Use Provision of a mix of complementary uses such as residential,

community and leisure land uses on a given site or within a
particular area. Where a building is a mixed use, this refers to
more than one land use within the building. There is usually a
prominent use such as several storeys of residential development
above commercial or retail storey’s.
Non-agricultural Rural settlement with no sizeable area of natural or planted areas

Settlement associated with it.
Open Space Open space covers all open space of public value, including not
just land, but also inland bodies of water such as rivers, canals,
lakes and reservoirs which offer important opportunities for sport
and outdoor recreation and can also act as a visual amenity.
The following list illustrates the range of open spaces that are of
public value:
1. parks and gardens – including urban parks, country parks,

forest parks and formal gardens;

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2. outdoor sports facilities (with natural or artificial surfaces and

either publicly or privately owned) – including tennis courts,
bowling greens, sport pitches, golf courses, athletic tracks,
school and other institutional playing fields, and other outdoor
sports areas;
3. amenity green space (most commonly, but not exclusively in

housing areas) – including informal recreation spaces,
communal green spaces in and around housing, and village
greens;
4. provision for children and teenagers – including play areas,

kick about areas, skateboard parks and outdoor basketball
hoops;
5. green corridors – including river banks/ wadi channels,

amenity footpaths and cycleway;
6. natural and semi-natural urban green spaces – including

woodlands, urban forestry, grasslands (e.g. meadows),
wetlands, open and running water, and rock areas (e.g. cliffs);
7. allotments and community gardens;
8. cemeteries and churchyards; and
9. civic spaces, including civic and market squares and other hard
surface areas designed for pedestrians.
Peri-urban Formerly rural areas, typically on the fringe, which have been
urbanised, both in a qualitative and quantitative sense.
Place-making Placemaking is a multi-faceted approach to the planning, design

and management of public spaces. Placemaking capitalises on a
local community's assets, inspiration, and potential, with the
intention of creating public spaces that promote people's health,
happiness, and well-being. Placemaking refers to a collaborative
process of shaping the public realm to maximize shared value.
More than promoting better urban design, placemaking facilitates
use, paying particular attention to the physical, cultural, and
social identities that define a place.
Planning Standards Planning standards are requirements approved by laws to guide

physical development in a particular area at a particular time.
Planning standards are set to prevent the development of poor
quality urban areas but rather to ensure and maintain a minimum
standard as to the quality of new development.
These are national planning standards and ensure conformity of

planning throughout the country, although recognising that there
will be variations to reflect regional distinctiveness.
Public Access The ability for public or open spaces to be easily accessed by the
general public.

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Public Space Public space refers to all places publicly owned or of public use. It
is accessible and enjoyable by all for free and without profit
motive. This includes streets, open spaces and public facilities.
(see also Open Space above).
Regulatory Framework A regulatory framework is a model people can use for reforming
and enacting regulations in an effective and logical way.
Policymakers may develop a framework with a specific area of
interest, such as improving development in urban areas, or could
use an existing model to work on a regulatory project. Many
governments rely on such frameworks for handling regulatory
matters and developing flexible and useful networks of
regulations, laws, and rules.
A regulatory framework usually consists of different elements

such as:
● Regulatory requirements
● Codes of practice
● Regulatory guidance
Regulatory Instruments Regulatory Instruments or tools that have been developed as

part of a regulatory framework used to achieve policy goals.
Rural Diversification The expansion, enlargement or variation of rural businesses to

branch out from traditional farming activities.
Rural/ Remote Small settlement away from urban areas. Usually in Oman has
Settlement less than 75 housing units and few facilities, apart from a
settlement mosque
Settlements Places, which are typically previously uninhabited, where people

establish a community. Settlements are typically smaller than a
town in size and may also constitute a village. They may be
urban or rural in nature (see also Rural/Remote Settlement and
Urban Area).
Settlement Boundary A 'settlement boundary' is a dividing line or boundary between

(Urban Boundary) areas of built/ urban development (the settlement) and non-
urban or rural development. Although a settlement boundary
does not necessarily preclude all development beyond the
boundary, it does give clarity as to where new development
(particularly housing) is likely to be acceptable in planning terms.
Inclusion of land within a settlement boundary does not mean

that it is automatically suitable for new development, as there
may be areas within the settlement boundaries that are not
suitable due to other constraints, for example, land protected as
local green space (wadi channels, etc.); mountainous terrain;
areas of special townscape character; Cultural Conservation
Areas and the like.
The benefits of establishing settlement boundaries are:

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● Ensure development is directed to more sustainable locations,

both in terms of accessibility to and support of existing
services and transport, and in terms of landscape.
● Protect the special character of the rural or cultural landscapes
from the encroachment of land uses more characteristic of
built-up areas.
● In conjunction with other policies, to sustain the individual
identity of each of the communities and maintain the
distinctiveness of each settlement.
● Provide greater certainty to communities, landowners and
developers over where certain types of development could be
acceptable in principle.
Settlement Hierarchy The system of ordering settlements by character (i.e. inherently

urban/ rural) is dependent on size, location and spacing. Each
level of the hierarchy is characterised by places with a particular
set of facilities and services and a similar amount of complexity.
Positioning within the hierarchy, therefore, is usually based on a
number of different criteria, namely:
● Proposed population range;

● Defined economic/ administrative function; and
● Locational criteria related to a settlement’s spatial setting –
within the country; within the Governorate; or in relation to
settlements in neighbouring Governorates.
Settlements within the hierarchy can also be defined by the

political and/ or economic roles that they may play within a
country’s spatial development regardless of size or relative
location.
Spatial Development Changes in the distribution of activities in space and the linkages
between them in terms of the use and development of land.
Spatial Options Geographical representation of the potential for change in a given

area.
Spatial Planning Spatial planning goes beyond traditional land use planning to
bring together and integrate policies for the development and use
of land with other policies and programmes which influence the
nature of places and how they function.
Spatial-economic Combination of spatial options and economic development

Strategies scenarios to form a combined strategy.
Special Planning Zones A Special Planning Zone (SPZ) is a proposed new planning
designation which provides greater protection to areas where the
interaction of people and nature over time has produced an area
of distinct character with a combination of significant ecological,
geological, cultural and scenic values. An SPZ does not prevent
development, rather it provides a more stringent framework to
guide development to ensure the unique assets contained within

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its boundaries are well managed – now and for future

generations.
Under the SPZ system proposed for Oman, areas with rich
environmental assets (especially high-value landscapes) and
which may be sensitive to particular projects, activities or
changes in land use, will be designated SPZs.
Sultanate A state or country governed by a sultan, a king, or a sovereign,

especially of a Muslim state. In this case, the country of Oman is
a strategically located monarchy on the southern and eastern
coasts of the Arabian Peninsula, which traditionally has been
governed by Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said who has ruled since
1970.
Sustainable Places where people want to live and work, now and in the
Communities future.
Sustainable Development capable of maintaining a balance between short-

Development term human needs and interests with the preservation of natural
resources and ecosystems and the protection of the long-term
interests of future generations.
Temporary Settlement Residential areas/ developments that are only used on a

temporary or perhaps seasonal basis – worker camps; nomadic
camps; temporary pastoral farming; etc.
Town Extents Settlement Boundaries linked to the Census.
Transit-oriented Transit-oriented development (TOD) seeks to maximize the

Development amount of residential, business and leisure space that falls within
walking distance of public transport hubs/ interchanges. In doing
so, TOD aims to increase public transport ridership by reducing
the use of private cars and by promoting sustainable urban
growth.
Urban Area Contiguous areas that include residential development and other
areas to support the residents – industrial areas, schools, health
facilities, etc. Defined as areas with more than 500 housing units.
Urbanisation The process of population movement away from rural areas to

urban areas, for residential and employment purposes. The
process expands urban land-take and the services needed to
serve the increasing population.
Urban Agriculture Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the

practice of cultivating, processing and distributing food in or
around urban areas. Urban agriculture can also involve animal
husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and
horticulture. These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well,
and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.
Urban Fringe The urban-rural fringe, also known as the outskirts, peri-urban or
the urban hinterland, can be described as the "landscape
interface between town and country", or as the transition zone
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where urban and rural uses mix and often clash. Alternatively, it
can be viewed as a landscape type in its own right, one forged
from an interaction of urban and rural land uses.
Urban Heat Island An urban heat island is an urban/ metropolitan area that is
significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to
human activities. The temperature difference is usually larger at
night than during the day and is most apparent when winds are
weak.
The main cause of the urban heat island effect is due to the
modification of land surfaces. Waste heat generated by energy
usage is a secondary contributor. As a population centre grows, it
tends to expand its area and increase its average temperature.
Urban Resilience Urban resilience has conventionally been defined as the

"measurable ability of any urban system, with its inhabitants, to
maintain continuity through all shocks and stresses, while
positively adapting and transforming towards sustainability".
Additionally, it is the ability to respond, absorb, and adapt to, as
well as recover from a disruptive event.
A resilient structure/ system/ community is expected to be able

to resist an extreme event with minimal damages and
functionality disruptions during the event; after the event, it
should be able to rapidly recover its functionality similar to or
even better than the pre-event level.
Urban Sprawl The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas leads to the

injudicious use of land and problems with infrastructure
provision.
Village A group of houses and associated buildings, larger than a hamlet

and smaller than a town, situated in a rural area.
Wali The senior official within the administrative district known as a

Wilayat. Appointed by the Ministry of the Interior.
Walkability measures the extent to which the built environment is friendly to

people moving on foot in an area. Factors affecting walkability
include but are not limited to: street connectivity; land-use mix;
residential density; the presence of trees and vegetation; and the
frequency and variety of buildings and entrances along street
frontages.
Wilayat Important administrative area within Oman, that deals with local
issues. Currently, there are 63 Wilayats across Oman. The head
of each Wilayat is the Wali.
Windfall Sites Sites, usually within urban areas, which have not been specifically
identified as available for future development in the local
planning process. They normally comprise previously developed
sites that have unexpectedly become available.

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Zoning Legislative regulations by which a municipal government can

control the use and characteristics of buildings and land within its
boundaries.
Zoning Guidelines The Zoning Guidelines provide clear definitions for land use
activities within each land use zone, indicating the uses that are
permitted and prohibited in each zone. They spell out the
considerations that must be taken into account if the land use
zone is to be changed, either for an individual plot or parcel of
land within a Local Plan or a broad land-use zoning classification
in the Structure Plan. Zoning guidelines are statutorily
enforceable guidelines used in the preparation of spatial plans
such as Structure Plans and Local Plans as well as permitting of
development.
Urban Interventions
Urban Redevelopment Refers to the demolition, remediation or development of existing

developed sites inside a defined urban area that are either
unused or under-utilised; beyond its built life-span; includes
inappropriate uses based on the needs of the current and future
population or its specific locality; or is beyond the potential of
regeneration. Urban Redevelopment can be achieved through
the full or partial demolition of the existing buildings and based
on a site-specific master plan, the complete reconstruction of
the area to create a new and more functional neighbourhood for
the city. Urban Redevelopment promotes the revitalisation/
redevelopment of brownfield sites.
Urban Regeneration Refers to the revival of existing urban areas that are currently
facing physical, economic or social decline such as population
outmigration; closure or reduced viability of businesses;
degradation of the physical/ built environment; and the
presence of unused or under-utilised sites and plots. The
process typically takes on a larger urban area, in which a
number of combined strategies and projects can achieve
transformation through upgrading old or run-down buildings or
complexes; constructing new or updating housing; upgrading
community buildings such as sports and community centres;
revitalising commercial areas, and improving streetscapes and
public spaces.
Urban Enhancement Refers to improving the quality of public spaces within urban
areas, through various methods such as improving pedestrian
connectivity; introducing traffic calming measures in residential
neighbourhoods; landscaping, shading and general public
beautification and the creation of quality public open spaces; the
provision of missing amenities; and upgrading social
infrastructure based on local needs. Urban Enhancement relates
to improving the overall aesthetics of urban areas, as well as
their social functions and support – creating places where
people want to live, work and play and take pride in their local
areas.
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Densification Is a development strategy used to increase the capacity of an

existing urban area to house more people/ dwelling units and
the development to support economic and social infrastructure.
The process improves land utilisation and infrastructure
provision contributes to the achievement of sustainability targets
and counters urban sprawl.
Expansion Is when an area (within Urban Boundary) refers to an increase
in the built-up area of a settlement or collection of settlements
(e.g. at the national level). This often accompanies an increase
in urban population size (i.e. urban growth).
Delivering Growth and Prosperity
Clusters Networks of specialised creative, industrial or high-tech

businesses concentrated within a particular location or particular
area.
Economic Development Change parameters that cover the potential distribution of

Scenarios population and economic activity/ employment.
Fourth Industrial The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is the fourth major
Revolution industrial era since the first Industrial Revolution of the 18th
century. It is characterized by a fusion of technologies that blur
the lines between the physical, digital, and biological spheres
collectively referred to as cyber-physical systems. It is marked
by emerging technology breakthroughs in several fields,
including robotics, artificial intelligence, nanotechnology,
quantum computing, biotechnology, the Internet of Things, the
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), fifth-generation wireless
technologies (5G), additive manufacturing/3D printing and fully
autonomous vehicles.
Gulf Cooperation Council The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) is a political and economic
(GCC) alliance of six countries in the Arabian Peninsula: Bahrain,
Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab
Emirates.
Inward Investment New business investment or expansion of an existing investment

into a Region or Country from a source outside of the Region or
Country.
Mineral Rock or other material that has a commercial value when

extracted.
Mineral Resources A potential mineral deposit where the quality and quantity of
material present has not been tested.
National Labour Force The National Labour Force in Oman is the section of the working
population in the age group of 16-64 in the economy currently
employed or seeking employment. People who are in education,
housewives and persons above the age of 64 are not included in
the labour force.

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Productivity A measure of the efficiency of a person, machine, factory,

system, etc., in converting inputs into useful outputs.
Productivity is computed by dividing the average output per
period by the total costs incurred or resources (capital, energy,
material, personnel) consumed in that period.
Socio-Economic Growth The process of social and economic development of a society

based on a basket of growth indicators.
Special Economic A special economic designation is a spatial area which has a set
Designation of preferential policy arrangements in place to attract investors.
This includes the concept of special economic zones, free zones,
bonded warehouses which serve many types of markets and
investors to the integrated tourism complexes which specifically
target tourist activities or urban regeneration corporations/areas
which seek to use preferential policy arrangements to transform
previously developed land in urban areas.
Special Economic Zones A special economic zone is an area in a country that is subject
(SEZ) to unique economic regulations that differ from other regions of
the same country. The SEZ regulations tend to be conducive to
foreign direct investment (FDI). Conducting business in an SEZ
typically implies that the company will receive tax incentives and
the opportunity to pay lower tariffs.
Sustainable Economic Development which promotes a strong, stable and productive

Development economy and aims to bring jobs and prosperity for all,
recognising that economic development can also deliver social
and environmental benefits.
Vision 2040 Vision 2040, which will replace the existing Vision 2020, is the
overarching strategy which aims to guide the Sultanate towards
a sustainable and diversified economy. The vision will follow
three key pillars: people and society, economy and
development, and governance and institutional performance.
Managing the Environment and Responses to Climate Change
Adaptation (Climate Adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or

Change) expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm
or exploit beneficial opportunities (IPCC Definition).
Aquifers An area of permeable rock or underground geological formation

containing or conducting ground water, especially one that
supplies the water for wells, springs, etc.
Biodiversity Biological diversity means the variability among living organisms

from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other
aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they
are a part; this includes diversity within species, between species
and of ecosystems (Convention on Biological Diversity 1992)
Buffer Zone A buffer zone is generally an area that lies between two or more
areas (often, but not necessarily, countries). Common types of

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buffer zones are demilitarized zones, border zones and certain

restrictive easement zones and green belts.
They can be established to prevent violence, protect the

environment, or shield residential and commercial zones from
industrial accidents or natural disasters. Buffer zones often result
in large uninhabited areas that are themselves noteworthy in
many increasingly developed or crowded parts of the world.
In nature conservation, a buffer zone is often created to enhance

the protection of areas under management for their biodiversity
importance. This buffer zone may be situated around the
periphery of the region or maybe a connecting zone within it,
linking two or more protected areas. The term gained
prominence in the conservation of natural and cultural heritage
through its usage in the establishment of UNESCO’s World
Heritage Convention, where it is considered as a ‘Best
Management Practice’. For UNESCO, a buffer zone is intended to
avert the effect of negative environmental or human influences,
whether or not it embodies great natural or cultural value itself.
The importance and function of a buffer zone and the necessary
protective measures derived thereof can differ greatly for each
site.
Climate Action Is any activity that helps people cope with a changing climate, or
that results in a decline in climate gas emissions. It includes
mitigation, adaptation and promoting an economic transition to a
low-carbon society through actions by government, businesses,
communities and individuals.
Climate Change Changes in climatic conditions largely brought about by the

increase in human emissions. Consequences of climate change
for Oman could include more extreme weather events, an
increase in average temperatures, flooding, sea-level rise and risk
of coastal erosion.
Coastal Special Areas with rich coastal assets and marine habitats, which may be
Planning Zones (CSPZ) sensitive to particular projects or activities, may be designated as
‘Coastal Special Planning Zones’. These Areas may be under
intense development pressure and therefore shall have special
institutional arrangements where rigorous and environmentally
sensitive planning is a priority in order to protect Oman’s most
important coastal and marine assets.
Coastal Zone The coast, also known as the coastline or seashore, is the area
where land meets the sea or ocean, or a line that forms the
boundary between the land and the sea/ ocean. The coastal zone
is considered as the interface area between land and sea; defined
as the part of the land affected by its proximity to the sea
(influence of marine processes), and the part of the sea affected
by its proximity to the land (influence of terrestrial processes).

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Coastal Zone Coastal zone management involves managing coastal areas to

Management balance different environmental, economic, human health, and
human activities ensuring that coastal communities are equipped
to better address the continued economic development of the
coastal zone while accounting for natural resource management.
Cultural Conservation An area of special architectural or historic interest, the character

Area or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance.
This could be a place, locality, natural landscape, settlement
area, architectural complex, archaeological site, or standing
structure that is recognized and often legally protected as a
specific place/ area of historical and cultural significance.”
A Cultural Conservation Area can comprise a significant cultural

heritage site or a cluster of sites.
Cultural Heritage The term cultural heritage encompasses:
● Tangible cultural heritage:

o movable cultural heritage (paintings, sculptures, coins,
manuscripts)
o immovable cultural heritage (monuments, archaeological
sites, and so on)
o underwater cultural heritage (shipwrecks, underwater ruins
and cities)
● Intangible cultural heritage: oral traditions, performing arts,
rituals
● Natural heritage:
o See definitions for Cultural Landscapes and Natural
Heritage
● Heritage in the event of armed conflict
o Sites which are defined by previous conflicts and now are
considered of important historical and cultural importance,
both locally and nationally.
Cultural Landscape A cultural landscape, as defined by the World Heritage

Committee, is the "cultural properties [that] represent the
combined works of nature and of man".
A cultural landscape is a significant area in terms of scale,

composed of a number of cultural and natural heritage assets –
both tangible and intangible. It may comprise several cultural
conservation areas along with other elements, such as
settlements and infrastructure and is reflective of man’s
interaction with its natural setting. Cultural landscapes in Oman
should, where possible, be incorporated within an SPZ.
Ecosystem A habitat or a group of related habitats can be considered an

ecosystem. Ecosystems are dynamic complexes of plant, animal
and micro-organism communities and their non-living
environment, which interact to form functional units.

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Environmental Environmental Management can be understood as those

Management administrative functions that are associated with the
development, implementation, and monitoring of the
environmental policy of an organization/ country. It is a
systematic approach to minimising the ill effects of different
actions on the environment. Environmental Monitoring (at the
national and project level) and Environmental Impact Assessment
and Construction and Operational Environmental Management
Plans (at the project level) are among the tools that have been
developed to understand the state of the environment and to
influence development actions and thus help to improve
Environmental Management. The establishment of conservation
areas and of conservation area networks can be regarded as
another tool for improving environmental management.
Falaj The falaj is an original Omani irrigation system, deep-rooted in

the country’s land and history. The Falaj Irrigation System relies
on water stored underground. It is extracted in a simple manner
without the use of machines, and flows through a variety of
underground and aboveground channels, before being used in
agriculture and all other essential uses.
Food Security The condition in which all people, at all times, have physical,
social and economic access to sufficient safe and nutritious food
that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active
and healthy life.
Food Self-Sufficiency The ability of a country to be able to provide through its own
resources and without external assistance, an adequate food
supply for its residents.
Greenhouse Gases Gases which when emitted into the atmosphere can increase the
likelihood of global warming. Naturally occurring examples
include water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and
ozone. Some human activities increase these gases, including
fossil fuel combustion within motor vehicles and some power
stations.
Groundwater An important part of the natural water cycle present

underground, with strata known as aquifers.
Habitat The term “habitat” has several meanings.
In ecology, it means either (i) the area and resources used by a

particular species (the habitat of a species) or (ii) an assemblage
of animals and plants together with their abiotic environment. In
the ONSS and RSS project it is the latter definition which is most
often applicable and can be expanded as follows: “a place where
plants or animals normally live, characterized primarily by its
physical features (topography, plant or animal physiognomy, soil
characteristics, climate, water quality etc.) and secondarily by the
species of plants and animals that live there”. This definition is
from EUNIS (the European Nature Information System) which is

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the most comprehensive hierarchical approach for describing and

classifying habitats in European ecosystems.
https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/biodiversity/an-introduction-
to-habitats/an-introduction-to-habitats
As well as “natural” habitats, man-made habitats can be

recognised. These refer to an environment designed and created
by human beings, which contains the elements, sometimes
synthetic, which would otherwise be found in a natural habitat,
and are necessary to support a species. Agricultural areas can be
described as man-made habitats.
Hazard A physical situation with a potential for human injury, damage to

property, damage to the environment or some combination of
these.
Important Bird Areas of A compilation of the most important areas in the Sultanate of
Oman (IBAO) Oman for breeding birds, resident as well as migratory, and for
birds that visit the country on passage or in winter. The
compilation is made in a report Prepared by Dr Jens Eriksen for
the Supreme Council for Planning (February 2019). based on
more than three decades of studies throughout Oman by Jens
Eriksen and studies by thousands of other observers. BirdLife has
defined a number of categories for selecting a site as an IBA
(BirdLife 2019) and the relevant categories have been used in
this report http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/ibacriteria.
The report has not been reviewed and verified by Birdlife

International and hence the term Important Bird Areas of Oman
has been used to distinguish this list from lists of sites which
have been agreed by BirdLife International and can be found on
their website – and noting that the information on Oman areas,
as currently posted on the Birdlife International website, is 25
years out of date, going back to Evans, M. I. (ed) (1994)
Important Bird Areas in the Middle East. Cambridge, UK: BirdLife
International.
Important Bird and Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas are key sites for the
Biodiversity Areas conservation of bird species, identified through the BirdLife
(IBAs) International IBA programme.
(https://www.birdlife.org/worldwide/programme-additional-
info/important-bird-and-biodiversity-areas-ibas)
In 2013 IBAs were renamed from "Important Bird Areas" to

"Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas", to reflect their
importance for other species.
Important Mammal In the context of the ONSS/RSS project refers to key areas used
Area by or determined to be suitable for four flagship species of large
mammal in Oman: the Arabian Tahr (endangered), the Arabian
Gazelle (vulnerable), the Nubian Ibex (vulnerable) and the
Arabian leopard (critically endangered) – making reference to the

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global conservation status of these mammals, according to the

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
Important Plant Area A natural or semi-natural site exhibiting exceptional botanical

richness and/or supporting an outstanding assemblage of rare
threatened and/or endemic plant species and/or vegetation of
high botanic value.
Integrated Coastal Integrated Coastal Zone Management is a strategy for an

Zone Management integrated approach to the planning and management of coastal
areas, in which all policies, sectors and, to the highest possible
extent, individual interests are properly taken into account, with
the proper consideration given to the full range of temporal and
spatial scales and involving stakeholders in a participative way. It
demands good communication among governing authorities
(local, regional and national), and promises to address all three
dimensions of sustainability: socio/ cultural, economic and
environmental. It thus provides management instruments that
are not per se included or foreseen in the different policies and
directives in such comprehensiveness."
Key Biodiversity Area Whilst widely recognised (including by the International Finance
(KBA) Corporation), KBAs and their subsets (IBAs and IPAs) are a non-
statutory designation. There is no government requirement to
identify KBAs and they are not necessarily recognised by local or
national authorities. They are however the most high-profile
designation for areas of importance for biodiversity and can be
used by governments to support protected area designations.
Fletcher, R., Tolley, M., Jones, M., Brauneder, K. (2014)
Protected Areas in IFC Performance Standard 6, UNEP-WCMC,
Cambridge, UK.
Land Cover Physical surface of the earth. Includes various combinations of

natural land categories such as vegetation types, soils, exposed
rocks and water bodies. Can also include man-made uses such as
agriculture and built environment.
Mitigation (Climate An anthropogenic intervention to reduce the sources or enhance

Change) the sinks of greenhouse gases (IPCC Definition)
Nature Conservation “A clearly defined geographical space, recognised, dedicated and

Area managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the
long-term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem
services and cultural values.”
Natural Heritage Natural features, geological and physiographical formations,

biodiversity (flora and fauna), ecosystems (including delineated
areas that constitute the habitat of threatened species of animals
and plants) and natural sites of value from the point of view of
science, conservation or natural beauty.

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Nature Reserve A protected area of importance for wildlife, flora, fauna or

features of geological
or other special interest
Risk The likelihood of a specified undesired event occurring within a

specified period or in specified circumstances. It may be either a
frequency (the number of specified events occurring in unit time)
or a probability (the probability of a specified event following a
prior event), depending on the circumstances.
Valorisation Valorisation refers to the productive use of a resource, and more

specifically the use or application of that resource so that it
makes money or generates value. 'Heritage valorisation' is,
therefore, seen as 'the value-generating revival of heritage
assets, such as Oman’s harats, that have the potential to provide
financial/ commercial benefit for the host community.'
Wadi A valley, ravine, or channel that is dry except in the rainy season,
common in desert areas such as in Oman.
An Efficient Transport System
Accessibility The ability to conveniently reach key services at a reasonable

cost, in a reasonable time and with reasonable ease.
Bus Rapid Transit Bus rapid transit (BRT) is a bus-based public transport system
designed to improve capacity and reliability relative to a
conventional bus system. Typically, a BRT system includes
roadways that are dedicated to buses and gives priority to buses
at intersections where buses may interact with other traffic;
alongside design features to reduce delays caused by passengers
boarding or leaving buses or purchasing fares. BRT aims to
combine the capacity and speed of a metro with the flexibility,
lower cost and simplicity of a bus system.
Intelligent Transport An intelligent transportation system (ITS) is an advanced

Systems application which aims to provide innovative services relating to
different modes of transport and traffic management and enable
users to be better informed and make safer, more coordinated,
and 'smarter' use of transport networks.
Light Rail Transit Light rail transit (LRT) is a form of passenger urban rail transit
characterized by a combination of tram and metro features.
While its rolling stock is more similar to a traditional tram, it
operates at a higher capacity and speed, and often on an
exclusive right-of-way. A local railway or tram system designated
direct, accessible and sometimes capable of sharing roads with
traffic and heavy railways.
Means of Transport The means of transport refers to the (motorized) vehicles

necessary for transport according to the chosen mode (bicycle,
car, airplane, ship, truck and rail). Each mode of transport (see
below) has a fundamentally different technological solution, and
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some require a separate environment. Each mode has its own

infrastructure, vehicles, and operations.
Mode of Transport Mode of transport is a term used to distinguish between different

ways of transportation or transporting people or goods. The
different modes of transport are air, water, and land transport,
which include rail/ railway, road and off-road transport, although
other modes also exist. Human-powered transport and animal-
powered transport are sometimes regarded as their own mode.
Public Transport Transport services provided for the public on a regular basis by
vehicles such as bus, trams or rail that use specific routes and
schedules and usually on a fare paying basis.
Sustainable Transport Walking, cycling and public transport; modes which are less
damaging to the environment and which contributes less to
traffic congestion than other modes such as the car.
Transport The physical features (for example highways, fixed rail, cycle
Infrastructure routes, stations, interchanges and bus stops) that facilitate the
overall transport network.
Transport Interventions Range of transport-related activities including for example

demand management, public transport, and highway
development to enable improved transport systems planning.
Travel Demand A package of measures which reduce the demand to travel by

Management private vehicles.
Visitor Accessibility Ensuring that venues open for public exhibition are accessible by
different means of transport and that the accessibility needs of
disadvantaged groups – the disabled and those with limited
mobility, wheelchair users, guide dog owners and those who are
visually impaired, young children in prams, those who are hearing
impaired – are taken into account when developing visitor
attractions.
Visum Modelling software providing traffic analyses, forecasts and GIS-

based data management, utilised for developing the Oman
National Transport Model.
An Efficient Infrastructure System
Critical Infrastructure Critical infrastructure (or critical national infrastructure) is a term

used by governments to describe assets that are essential for the
functioning of a society and economy – the infrastructure. In its
broadest sense, the term is most commonly associated with
facilities for:
● Shelter – heating (e.g. natural gas, fuel oil, district heating);

● Agriculture – food production and distribution;
● Water supply – drinking water, wastewater/ sewage,
stemming of surface water (e.g. dikes and sluices);
● Public health – hospitals, ambulances;
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● Transportation systems – fuel supply, railway network,

airports, harbours, inland shipping;
● Security services – police, military.
● Electricity generation, transmission and distribution – natural
gas, fuel oil, coal, nuclear power;
● Renewable energy sites – solar, wind, rain, tides, waves, and
geothermal heat.
● Telecommunication – coordination for successful operations
● Economic sector – goods and services and financial services
(banking, clearing).
Desalination Desalination is a process that takes away mineral components

from saline water, commonly used to remove salt from seawater.
Incineration The controlled burning of waste. Energy may also be recovered in

the form of heat (see Energy from Waste).
Landfill The permanent disposal of waste into the ground, by the filling of
man-made voids or similar features, or the construction of
landforms above ground level (land-raising).
Material Recovery A materials recovery facility, materials reclamation facility,

Facilities materials recycling facility or Multi re-use facility (MRF) is a
specialized plant that receives, separates and prepares recyclable
materials for marketing to end-user manufacturers. Generally,
there are two different types: clean and dirty materials recovery
facilities.
Mechanical Biological A mechanical biological treatment (MBT) system is a type of

Treatment waste processing facility that combines a sorting facility with a
form of biological treatment such as composting or anaerobic
digestion. MBT plants are designed to process mixed household
waste as well as commercial and industrial wastes.
Municipal Solid Waste Household waste and any other waste collected by a Waste
Collection Authority such as municipal parks and gardens waste,
beach cleansing waste and waste resulting from the clearance of
fly-tipped materials.
Renewable Energy Energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as
wind or solar power.
Residual Waste Waste remaining after materials for re-use, recycling and
composting have been removed.
Treated Sewage Sewage treatment is the process of removing contaminants from

Effluent municipal wastewater, containing mainly household sewage plus
some industrial wastewater. Physical, chemical, and biological
processes are used to remove contaminants and produce treated
wastewater (or treated effluent) that is safe enough for release
into the environment. A by-product of sewage treatment is a
semi-solid waste or slurry, called sewage sludge. The sludge has
to undergo further treatment before being suitable for disposal or
application to land.
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Waste Waste is any material or object that is no longer wanted, and

which requires disposal. If a material or object is re-usable, it is
still classed as waste if it has first been discarded.
Waste Hierarchy A framework for securing a sustainable approach to waste

management. Wherever possible, waste should be minimised. If
waste cannot be avoided, then it should be re-used; after this
value is recovered by recycling or composting, or waste to
energy, and finally landfill disposal.
Waste-to-Energy Waste-to-energy (WtE) or energy-from-waste (EfW) is the

(Energy-from-Waste) process of generating energy in the form of electricity and/or
heat from the primary treatment of waste or the processing of
waste into a fuel source. WtE is a form of energy recovery. Most
WtE processes generate electricity and/or heat directly through
combustion, or produce a combustible fuel commodity, such as
methane, methanol, ethanol or synthetic fuels.
Other
Components Common elements of each alternative scenario, including: land

use, environment, agriculture & water, economy, population,
transport and infrastructure, allowing a comparison of each
alternative scenario to be made.
Data Capture Scale at which data should be captured during area surveys.
Data Viewing Scale at which surveyed material should be shown.
Key Drivers The most important catalysts for growth and/or change in Oman.
Clustered together for the purposes of ONSS as socio-economic
dynamic drivers and Urbanisation drivers. These clusters of key
drivers form the basis of the two-axis model.
Institutional A detailed assessment of the government’s structures/ machinery

Assessment responsible for
planning and development in Oman.
Stakeholders Individuals, groups of individuals or organisations who have an

interest in/ can influence the work being undertaken.
Stakeholder Process of involving key stakeholders in the planning and

Engagement decision-making process
Strategic Goals The agreed objectives or desired outcomes of the ONSS project,
which have been agreed by MCE, PMT and RSS consultants. The
strategic goals are: liveable communities, sustainable land use,
adaptation to climate change, preservation of Omani cultural
identity, governorate compatibility and complementarity,
sustainable use of resources, and economic diversification.
Thematic Areas Layers or themes, developed through consultation with

stakeholders, which guide the review and form a structure under
which assessments can be made.

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Two-axis model A tool used to characterise outcomes on two dimensions – taking

the form of a horizontal and vertical axis – providing four
quadrants or four alternative outcomes.
Windshield Survey A technique used when undertaking land use surveys. Areas are
viewed through driving through areas rather than more detailed
on-site surveys. Often used for verification of desk surveys.

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SULTANATE OF OMAN

MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN PLANNING

HAIMA DETAILED MASTERPLAN

TENDER NO. /2022

TECHNICAL OFFICE – MoHUP

Haima Detailed Masterplan - Consultancy Services for the

This tender document consists of two volumes:

VOLUME - 1 : PRIME DOCUMENT

VOLUME - 2 : SCOPE OF SERVICES (SOS)

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... 5

1.1.1 OMAN VISION 2040: SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT AS A NATIONAL PRIORITY........ 6

1.1.2 THE MINISTRY’S MANDATE: A PARADIGM SHIFT ........................................................................ 6

1.2.1 OMAN NATIONAL SPATIAL STRATEGY: A COHERENT PLANNING FRAMEWORK ......................... 7

1.2.2 PLANNING LEVEL 1: NATIONAL PLANNING ................................................................................ 7

1.2.3 PLANNING LEVEL 2: REGIONAL PLANNING CONTEXT ................................................................ 10

1.2.4 PLANNING LEVEL 3: HAIMA URBAN CHANGE PLAN (UCP) ........................................................ 12

3.2 AIMS OF HAIMA DETAILED MASTERPLAN (HDMP) ....................................................................... 16

4.2 STAGE 2 – DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS .............................................................................. 19

4.3 STAGE 3 ......................................................................................................................................... 20

 3A HAIMA CONCEPT MASTERPLAN ............................................................................................ 20

 3B HAIMA DETAILED MASTERPLAN ............................................................................................ 20

SECTION 05 – CROSS CUTTING .............................................................................................. 25

5.2 GIS/OPIS UPDATES ........................................................................................................................ 26

5.3 CAPACITY BUILDING ...................................................................................................................... 27

5.4 IMPLEMENTATION & DELIVERY .................................................................................................... 27

5.5 COMMUNICATION & CITY BRANDING .......................................................................................... 28

SECTION 6: PROJECT ORGANIZATION & KEY PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS ......................... 29

6.2 KEY PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS AND QUALIFICATIONS............................................................. 29

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

Appendix A: ONSS Executive Summary .................................................................................. 35

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

SECTION 01 - PROJECT BACKGROUND

1.1.1 OMAN VISION 2040: SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT AS A

1.1.2 THE MINISTRY’S MANDATE: A PARADIGM SHIFT

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

1.1 PLANNING LEVELS

1.2.1 OMAN NATIONAL SPATIAL STRATEGY: A COHERENT PLANNING

1.2.2 PLANNING LEVEL 1: NATIONAL PLANNING

 Strategic Goal #3: Delivering Growth and Prosperity

 Muscat as a major regional capital city, supported by growth of the

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

1.2.3 PLANNING LEVEL 2: REGIONAL PLANNING CONTEXT

1.2.3.1 AL WUSTA REGIONAL SPATIAL STRATEGY

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

Figure 2 Regional Strategy Map for Al Wusta

1.2.4 PLANNING LEVEL 3: HAIMA URBAN CHANGE PLAN (UCP)

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

Figure 3 Urban Map for Haima

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

 Re-estimation of existing and future population based on the recent 2020 e-

1.2.5 PLANNING LEVEL 4: HAIMA CONCEPT & DETAILED MASTERPLAN

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

SECTION 02 - THE SITE

2.1 HAIMA OVERVIEW

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING

SECTION 03 - PROJECT AIMS

3.1 AIMS OF UPDATING HAIMA URBAN CHANGE PLAN (UCP)

3.2 AIMS OF HAIMA DETAILED MASTERPLAN (HDMP)

MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN PLANNING