Quantum university

B. Sc(hons){physics}3rd year
Present-

ROLE OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

IN COMMUNICATION
By Divyansh
Q.Id -18031800001
To –Dr. Anamika
Content

■ History
■ Introduction
■ Role in communication
■ Fibreoptics
■ Optimal control
■ Telegrapher’s equation
■ Total variation denoising
 Differential equation

■ A differential equation is an equation containing the derivative of one or more

dependent variables with respect to one or more independent variables.

■ For Example,
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
= 2𝑥𝑦 𝑥. =𝑦−1 + +𝑦 =0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑢 𝑑2𝑢 𝑑𝑢
= − + +2=0 + =2
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡
 Basic type of differential equation

■ ODE(ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION):

An equation contain only ordinary derivatives of one or more dependent variables of a
single independent variable
■ PDE(PARTIAL DIFFFERENTIAL EQUATION):
An equation contain partial derivates of one or more dependent variable of two or
more independent variables.
Initial and boundary value problems……
■ Boundary value problems are similar to initial value problems. A boundary value problem
has conditions specified at the extremes ("boundaries") of the independent variable in
the equation whereas an initial value problem has all of the conditions specified at the
same value of the independent variable (and that value is at the lower boundary of the
domain, thus the term "initial" value).
■ For example, if the independent variable is time over the domain [0,1], a boundary value
problem would specify values for at both and , whereas an initial value problem would
specify a value of y(t) and y’(t) at time t=0.
■ Finding the temperature at all points of an iron bar with one end kept at absolute zero
and the other end at the freezing point of water would be a boundary value problem.
■ If the problem is dependent on both space and time, one could specify the value of the
problem at a given point for all time the data or at a given time for all space.
■ Concretely, an example of a boundary value (in one spatial dimension) is the problem
y’’(x) + y(x) =0
Role in communication

■ There are various field of science where we can see the differential equation in main role
for solving the parameter’s
■ We see it in data processing , prediction of future data like in case of COVID-19 , for
distributing the data among different consumer, setting the frequency of spectrum for
telecommunication ,etc
■ Some of the application mention in upcoming slides
■ Fiber optics
■ Optimal control
■ Telegrapher’s equation
■ Traffic flow
■ Total variation denoising……
Fibre optics

■ In fibre optics we use differential equation in waveguide theory as shown below

■ And in TE modes of a symmetric step index planner waveguide

Optimal control….

■ It’s a branch of mathematical optimization that deal with finding a control for
dynamic system over a period of time such that an objective function is optimized
■ Linear quadratic control
subject to the linear first – order dynamic constraints

■ Numerical methods for optimal control

Telegrapher’s equation

■ a pair of coupled, linear partial differential equations that describe

the voltage and current on an electrical transmission
line with distance and time.

■ Equation of lossless transmission lines

Total variation denoising

■ In signal processing, total variation denoising, also known as total variation

regularization, is a process, most often used in digital image processing, that
has applications in noise removal.
■ Time independent version of the ROF equation….

■ This model was a pivotal component in producing the first image of a black hole.
THANKYOU EVERYONE