PRONOUN

DEFINITION
• A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun.
• For example,
❑I, Me, You, He, She, It, Her, Him, We, They, Myself,
Himself etc.
❑Amit saw Kavita and he waived at her.
 TYPES OF PRONOUN

1. Personal 5. Interrogative
2.Possessive 6. Relative
3.Reflexive 7. Demonstrative
4.Emphatic 8. Indefinite
 1. PERSONAL PRONOUN

• It is used in place of a noun as the subject or

object in a sentence.
• Personal pronoun is so distributed into :-
SUBJECT Pronoun OBJECT Pronoun
 SUBJECT PRONOUN

• They are used to replace the Subject (person or

thing) of a verb.
• They usually answer the question – Who ?
• E.g., Raju is tall and Raju is smart. (we do not say so
normally)

• Raju is tall and he is smart. (used a subject pronoun- ‘he’)

 Subject pronouns can be :

Singular subject pronoun Plural subject pronoun

I, he, We, they

she, you and you.
and it.
Use of ‘it’ :

#. ‘It’ is used to replace things, animals,

babies or ideas and not normally people.
E.g.,
1. The dog is big. It is also hairy.
2. My chair is small. It is comfortable.
3.Their baby is very cute. It weighs only 2 kg.
 OBJECT PRONOUN

• They are used to replace the Object (after verbs

or prepositions).
• They receive the action of the subject in the
sentence.
• They usually answer the question – Whom ?
 After Verbs After Prepositions

• I like you but you • According to her, she is

don’t like me. 18.
• Do you really like • Can you give this pen to
her? him?
• Our parents love us. • You are luckier than me.
• The teacher asked • She is sitting between
them to keep quiet. me and my father.
 NOTE :
• Sometimes an animal can be referred as he/him or
she/her especially if it is a pet.
• Some ships, vessels, vehicles or countries are
treated as females and referred as she/her.
• ‘It’ is used to talk about weather, temperature,
time and distance.
Examples:
✓This is our dog Rusty. He is a Pomeranian.
✓The Titanic was a great ship but she sank on her
first voyage.
✓My first car was a beauty and I treated her like my
wife.
✓Thailand has now opened her border with
Cambodia.
 2. POSSESSIVE PRONOUN
• A possessive pronoun shows ownership.
• It covers possessive adjectives and absolute possessive
pronouns.
• A possessive adjective is used before a noun.
e.g., my, our, your, his, her, their.
• An absolute possessive pronoun is not used before a noun.
e.g., yours, ours, theirs, mine, hers.
 For example :
Possessive adjective Absolute possessive
pronoun
That is your chair. Is that chair yours?
This is our car. This car is ours.
These are their houses. These houses are theirs.
This is my car. This car is mine.
 3. REFLEXIVE PRONOUN

• They refer back to the ‘Subject’ of the sentence or

clause.
• They either end in –self (singular form) or –selves
(plural form). [e.g., myself, yourself, herself, himself,
ourselves, yourselves, themselves.]
• They are not used in place of subjects.
 For example :

✓Amit accidently cut himself.

✓The thief hanged himself.
✓Vibha blames herself for the failure.
✓The beggar covered himself with a blanket.
 4. EMPHATIC PRONOUN
• When reflexive pronouns are used to
indicate emphasis, they are called
emphatic pronoun.
• It refers to noun or pronoun in the
sentence to emphasize it.
 For example :

✓Ravi himself will clean the room.

✓The boys themselves admitted their mistake.
✓The theft was disclosed by the thief himself.
✓She herself said so.
 5. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN

• A pronoun is used for asking a question is

called an interrogative pronoun.
• It represents the thing or person that we
don’t know.
 For example :

✓Who broke the camera ?

✓Whom do you blame for this mistake?
✓Which is your shirt?
✓What is this?
✓Whose car is this?
 NOTE :

❖What is generally used for things.

❖Who , Whom and Whose are used for
people.
❖Which may be used for non-living thing
or animal. It also indicates selection.
Number Person Subject Object Possessive Reflexive
Pronouns Pronouns Pronouns Pronouns
(1st form) (3rd form) (2nd form)
Singular 1st Person I Me My Myself
2nd Person You You Your Yourself
3rd Person He Him His Himself
3rd Person She Her Her Herself
3rd Person It It (not used) Itself
Plural 1st Person We Us Our Ourselves
2nd Person You You Your Yourselves
3rd Person They Them Their Themselves
 6. RELATIVE PRONOUN

• This is used to describe a noun mentioned earlier.

• The main relative pronouns are:
➢Who, whom, whose – used for people
➢Which – used for non-living things and animals
➢that – used for non-living things and people
• This description comes after the noun:
(a) to identify it. e.g.,
✓The lady who made your dress is
standing outside.
✓I saw the dog which ate the cake.
✓The woman that spoke to you is my aunt.
(b) to give us more information about it:
e.g.,
✓Mr. Gupta who teaches you is our neighbour.
✓My father bought a car which gives good
mileage.
✓The letter that I received this morning was
from my brother.
 7. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN

• It is used to identify person or thing that

is being referred to.
• There are 4 demonstrative pronoun: this
and that (for singular), these and those
(for plural).
 For example :

✓This is very fishy. (for closer thing/person)

✓That is a nice dress. (for farther thing/person)
✓These books are costly. (for closer things/people)
✓Those men are working. (for farther things/people)
 8. INDEFINITE PRONOUN

• It refers to non-specific person or thing.

• For example, all, any, anyone, anything, each,
everybody, everyone, everything, few, many, nobody,
none, one, several, some, somebody and someone.
• Like all pronouns, an indefinite pronoun replaces a
noun.
 For example :

✓Not all of them are my friends.

✓I do not know any of them.
✓Each of them brought a gift for me.
✓Everybody knows me.
✓Few will agree with you.
1.Write Personal Pronouns in the
blank space for the nouns.
1. …….. is swimming. 1. (Kavita)
2. …….. is green. 2. (the shirt)
3. …….. are on the wall. 3. (the posters)
4. …….. is barking. 4. (the dog)
5. ……... are playing cards. 5. (my father and I)
6. ……… are in the basket. 6. (the apples)
7. ……… is riding his bike. 7. (Saleem)
8. ……… has a brother. 8. (Radhika)
9. ……… is from Mumbai. 9. (the car)
10. ……… is very intelligent. 10. (Mohit)
 2. Fill in the blanks with the
correct words .
1. It is ….. party.
2. He hurt …...
3. She did it …..
4. He ….. took chairs from the room.
5. I saw it with ….. own eyes.
6. It is not ….. Problem.
7. I caught sight of ….. in the mirror.
8. If you want more milk, help ……
 3. Fill in the blanks with relative
pronouns .
1. Students …… parents are poor need not pay any fee.
2. The flowers …… I picked this morning are still fresh.
3. This is the lady …… car has been stolen.
4. Do you know the man …… helped the poor beggar?
5. Where is the camera …… your uncle gave you on your birthday?
6. Man is the only living thing …… can talk.
7. The house …… he lives in is very small.
8. Everyone hates the person …… tell a lie.
9. Our teacher likes the boys ….. Speak the truth.
10. Where is the book …… I gave you to read?
 4. Fill in the blanks with
Indefinite pronouns .
1. I forgot to bring a pen. Can you lend me ….?
2. ….. of the mourners were dressed in white.
3. I need some stamps. Have you got ….. ?
4. ….. was at home.
5. ….. of us has to die one day.
6. Did ….. See you coming here?
7. Can you tell me ….. Interesting?
8. The police questioned ….. In the hotel.
 ANSWERS - 1 ANSWERS - 2 ANSWERS - 3 ANSWERS - 4

1. She 1. My 1. Whose 1. One

2. It 2. Himself 2. Which 2. Everyone
3. They 3. Herself 3. Whose 3. One
4. It 4. Himself 4. Who 4. Nobody
5. We 5. My 5. Which 5. Each
6. They 6. Our 6. Who 6. Someone
7. He 7. Myself 7. Where 7. Something
8. She 8. Yourself 8. Who 8. Everybody
9. It 9. Who
10.He 10.Which