Status of applicability in the selected subsectors

Technology Conclusion regarding selection for pilot

Group Paper/ projects
Textile Steel Cement Fertilizer
pulp
Energy
Yes (WHR, Yes Yes (Cogen, Yes (Cogen, Not selected for pilot projects, because these are
efficiency Yes (WHR,
efficient (WHR, efficient efficient existing options while efficient motors and boilers are
(Efficient efficient
motors, efficient motors, motors, already included in the first zoom-in on the EE
equipment, motors)
boilers) motors) boilers) boilers) replacement program.
WHR, Cogen)
Alternate
Yes (Solar Yes (Limited Yes (Solar Yes (Solar Yes (Solar Not selected, because RE technologies (solar PV, Wind)
energy
PV, solar base load PV for PV, solar PV, solar are known options that exist locally and are already
(Renewable
thermal) RE) electric load) thermal) thermal) implemented (partly) across the selected sub-sectors.
energy)
Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Fuel switching (biomass
(biomass (biomass (biomass/wa (biomass Biofuel plants can be considered for a third zoom-in on
(biomass/ boiler,
boiler, reheating ste in a boilers, pilot projects.
waste) biomass-
biofuel) furnace) cement kiln) biofuel)
fired dryers)
Selected for pilot projects because it is an emerging
Yes (for iron Yes (for Yes (for Yes (for
Fuel switching Yes (for option and applicable to all the selected sub-sectors.
reduction, power power and green
(Green power/steam (Can be exported, burnt in commercially available
and power generation, steam ammonia
hydrogen) generation) steam boilers, or can be added to GE turbines and
generation) heat in kilns) generation) production)
natural gas lines)
Not selected because electrification of furnaces is
Electrification Yes (electric Yes (electric Yes (electric
Yes (electric Yes (electric already implemented in the steel sector of Pakistan
(heating/ boilers and induction boilers and
kiln) boilers) whereas electrification of kiln is very immature (low
melting) dryers) furnace) dryers)
TRL) in case of the cement sector.
Yes (to
Yes Yes (to Yes Yes (to Selected for pilot projects because it is the most
capture
Carbon (Applicable capture both (Applicable capture both promising emerging option for decarbonization of
process/ener
capturing to exhaust of process and to exhaust of process and process emissions in cement, steel, and fertilizer as
gy emissions
(CCU/CCS) captive energy captive energy well as applicable to captive units of textile and
in steel
units) emissions) units) emissions) paper/pulp.
production)
Process
Yes (bio- Yes Not selected because process improvement
improvement Yes (ORC, Yes (Deep Yes
scouring, (alternate technologies are very specific within selected
(Alternate raw direct eutectic (methane
ozone, binders/clink subsectors and cannot be applied across the
material or reduction) solvents) pyrolysis)
sCO2) er) sectors/firms.
process)
Circular Yes (raw Yes Not selected because recycling technologies/options
Yes Yes (scrap- Yes
economy paper-based (decentralize are mostly existing and are already implemented in
(recycling based steel (recycling of
(Recycle, paper d ammonia steel, paper/pulp, and textile (partly) sub-sectors of
fiber) production) concrete)
reuse) production) production) Pakistan.
 Status of applicability in the selected subsectors
Technology Conclusion regarding selection for pilot
Group Paper/ projects
Textile Steel Cement Fertilizer
pulp
Yes (WHR Any of these innovative technologies can be selected
Yes (WHR
Innovative system on Yes (WHR Yes (WHR as a pilot project. Because both these technologies
system on
technologies compressors system on Yes (WHR system on apply to the selected subsectors and both technologies
compressors
(WHR on , ORC on compressors system on compressors are specifically mentioned in the TOR of this study.
, ORC on a
compressors, gas , ORC on compressors , ORC on Note: ORC-based pilot WHR plants are already included
kiln, and air-
ORC-based turbine/Gens furnace ) gas turbine in the first zoom-in on the EE replacement program
cooler
WHR) et exhaust in exhaust) exhaust) which can be adjusted here in our third zoom-in on pilot
exhaust)
spinning) technologies.

Options selected for third zoom-in.

Options not selected for third zoom-in

Other options under consideration