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13.Apr 2021 10:47:41 - torsion both ends tarp but nat tit em 4 vadetagettan [C= 4 9) =A i pt A cheno —* < Fl ee eee cet ert n e a lite mer C, tbe waning stan othe co ct ‘betaine oe Te 102 epee or Cl th mia of ih cer mn ofthe mtr "Te flwing estate nd cts ey dled inl perm ecg the td rm wih lo. Se page 1 alain c-Met sah =e sated uo if ne tha PHC his i er s+ Baga or ete sates Eig El +ee-or oe caecum vocigl satis annem] odie thar Hl] «ett 3 ) ‘The unit step function is denoted by (x —a)° where the use of the “*) angle brackets () is defined as follows: If x < a, (x —a)° = 0; ifx >a, x)-1 (v—a)°=1. At x=a the unit step function is undefined just as x)-p. Vertical shear is undefined directly beneath a concentrated load. The use of the angle brackets () is extended to other cases involving powers of the unit step function and the ordinary function (x — a)". Thus the quantity (x —a)"(x— a)” is shortened to (x —a)" and again is given a else value of zero if x a. unit (x)sif x

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