3210 BACKFILLING OF PREFABRICATED CULVERTS AND STORMWATER

DRAINS

After the pipes have been firmly laid on the required bedding as described above in clause
3209 [(ii) Class B and class C beddings The pipe shall be laid on a bedding cradle of
compacted selected granular material as specified. The bedding shall extend upwards on both
sides of the pipe to a specified portion of its height, as shown on the drawings. Joint holes shall
be formed in the bedding cradle for pipe sockets and couplings, to ensure that each pipe is fully
supported throughout the length of its barrel on the bedding cradle.], backfilling shall be
carried out as follows:

The material used for the backfilling of those portions of culverts or pipes subject to traffic
loads shall be selected material of at least sub base quality. Where the excavated material is not
of adequate quality, selected material shall be imported for this purpose. Backfilling alongside
and over all pipes shall be placed and compacted in layers not exceeding 150 mm after
compaction, to a density of at least the density required for the material in adjoining layers of
fill, sub grade and sub base. The density of backfilling in excavations made in the natural
ground shall be at least 90% of modified AASHTO density. Backfilling shall be carried out
simultaneously and equally on both sides of a pipe to avoid any unequal lateral forces.