Ethical Procedures

Requested localized, specific, systemic events, and use of antipyretic drugs or pain within the first 7
days after receiving each vaccine or placebo dose, as documented in an electronic diary, unpleasant
reactions that occurred unexpectedly after the first dose after a month from the second dose and
severe adverse events after receiving the first dose 1 and 6 months after the second dose, as
documented in an electronic diary. Blind tracking and label opening timings are used to convey
security data. (Thomas, 2021)

Common Side Effects

Since the publishing of this research, phase 3 clinical studies of both the Moderna and Pfizer/
BioNTech mRNA vaccines have found no notable negative effects (Polack, 2020) (Baden LR et al.,
2021). Vaccines cause higher local adverse effects, such as fever, discomfort, redness, and
inflammation, than placebo (common salt) (Polack, 2020) (Baden LR et al., 2021). Other systemic
side effects, including as fatigue, fever, headache, myalgias, and arthralgias, are more common in
vaccine recipients than in placebo recipients with the majority occurring 1 to 2 days after
immunization (Polack, 2020) (Baden LR et al., 2021). In both trials, Hypersensitivity side effects were
recorded equally in the placebo and immunization groups (Castells MC et al., 2021). As previously
reported, two doses of mRNA vaccine provided 94-95 percent protection in COVID-19 for people
aged 16 and up after two months. The vaccination is safe when compared to other viral vaccines.
(Polack, 2020) (Baden LR et al., 2021)

Local Reaction
Preliminary experiments using mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 found that vaccine recipients had a
better local response than the placebo control group (Polack, 2020) (Baden LR et al., 2021). Soreness
at the injection site was the most common local reaction within one week of immunisation. The
majority of local reactions were mild to moderate in intensity and persisted between 24 and 48
hours (Polack, 2020) (Baden LR et al., 2021). Less than 1% of participants in all age groups reported
severe pain, and pain of any sort was increasingly recorded with participants over the age of 55.
(Polack, 2020) (Baden LR et al., 2021)

Systematic Reaction
Younger insurance recipients (ages 16 to 55) reported system occurrences more frequently than
their older counterparts (above 55 years of age) in the same research (Polack, 2020) (Baden LR et al.,
2021). This increased rate of systemic occurrences could indicate that young people have a higher
immune response than adults. When compared to the first dose, the second dose of the vaccine
resulted in more adverse effects (Polack, 2020) (Baden LR et al., 2021). The most prevalent side
effects following the second dose were fatigue and headaches. However, the same side effects were
also recorded in a substantial number of placebo-controlled patients. (Polack, 2020) (Baden LR et al.,
2021)

Systemic adverse effects were reported at a rate of less than 1% after the first dosage and fewer
than 2% after the second dose, The most common symptoms are weariness (3.8 percent) and
headache (2.0 percent), (Polack, 2020) (Baden LR et al., 2021). Only 0.2 percent of vaccination users
and 0.1 percent of placebo receivers developed a fever of up to 40 degrees Celsius after the first
dose. After the second dosage, 0.8 percent of vaccination recipients and 0.1 percent of placebo
recipients returned to 40 degrees Celsius. Two participants in both the vaccine and placebo groups
had temperatures exceeding 40 ° C. Systemic events such as colds and flu disappeared within 24 to
48 hours of vaccination. (Polack, 2020) (Baden LR et al., 2021)