Professional Documents
Culture Documents
For use from 2020 in all papers for the above syllabuses.
CST319
*2508709701*
PURE MATHEMATICS
Mensuration
Volume of sphere = 4
3
πr 3
Algebra
For the quadratic equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 :
−b ± b 2 − 4ac
x=
2a
For an arithmetic series:
un = a + (n − 1)d , S n = 12 n( a + l ) = 12 n{2a + (n − 1) d }
Binomial series:
n n n
(a + b) n = a n + a n −1b + a n − 2b 2 + a n −3b3 + K + b n , where n is a positive integer
1 2 3
n n!
and =
r r!(n − r )!
n(n − 1) 2 n(n − 1)(n − 2) 3
(1 + x) n = 1 + nx + x + x + K , where n is rational and x < 1
2! 3!
2
Trigonometry
sin θ
tan θ ≡
cos θ
cos 2 θ + sin 2 θ ≡ 1 , 1 + tan 2 θ ≡ sec 2 θ , cot 2 θ + 1 ≡ cosec 2 θ
sin( A ± B) ≡ sin A cos B ± cos A sin B
cos( A ± B) ≡ cos A cos B m sin A sin B
tan A ± tan B
tan( A ± B ) ≡
1 m tan A tan B
sin 2 A ≡ 2sin A cos A
cos 2 A ≡ cos 2 A − sin 2 A ≡ 2cos 2 A − 1 ≡ 1 − 2sin 2 A
2 tan A
tan 2 A ≡
1 − tan 2 A
Principal values:
− 12 π ⩽ sin −1 x ⩽ 12 π , 0 ⩽ cos −1 x ⩽ π , − 12 π < tan −1 x < 12 π
Differentiation
f( x ) f ′( x )
xn nx n −1
1
ln x
x
ex ex
sin x cos x
cos x − sin x
tan x sec 2 x
sec x sec x tan x
cosec x − cosec x cot x
cot x − cosec 2 x
1
tan −1 x
1 + x2
du dv
uv v +u
dx dx
du dv
v −u
u dx dx
v v2
dy dy dx
If x = f(t ) and y = g(t ) then = ÷
dx dt dt
3
Integration
(Arbitrary constants are omitted; a denotes a positive constant.)
f( x ) ∫ f( x ) dx
x n +1
xn (n ≠ −1)
n +1
1
ln x
x
ex ex
sin x − cos x
cos x sin x
sec 2 x tan x
1 1 x
tan −1
x + a2
2
a a
1 1 x−a
ln ( x > a)
x − a2
2
2a x + a
1 1 a+x
a − x2
2
ln
2a a − x
( x < a)
dv du
∫ u dx dx = uv −∫ v dx dx
f ′( x)
∫ f ( x) dx = ln f ( x)
Vectors
If a = a1i + a2 j + a3k and b = b1i + b2 j + b3k then
4
PROBABILITY & STATISTICS
Summary statistics
For ungrouped data:
Σx Σ( x − x ) 2 Σx 2
x= , standard deviation = = − x2
n n n
For grouped data:
Σxf Σ( x − x ) 2 f Σx 2 f
x= , standard deviation = = − x2
Σf Σf Σf
n
pr = p r (1 − p) n − r , µ = np , σ 2 = np(1 − p )
r
For the geometric distribution Geo(p):
1
pr = p(1 − p) r −1 , µ=
p
For the Poisson distribution Po(λ )
λr
pr = e − λ , µ =λ , σ2 =λ
r!
Σx Σ( x − x ) 2 1 2 ( Σx ) 2
x= , s2 = = Σx −
n n −1 n −1 n