Tutorial Sheet

Modules 3 and 4
6
(1) Using standard limits, limit laws and the relationship between continuity and sequences,
evaluate the following limits. You do not have to explicitly state which limit laws you are
using.
 2  2 
n 1 n +1
sinh + cos
n! n −n 2n − 1
(a) lim   (b) lim e  π
n→∞
n
n! n→∞
ln 2 +
3 − tan n
n2n
sin2 n
    
n + n! ∗
(c) lim exp √ (d ) lim ln ln 1 +
n→∞ 3 n + 2n! n→∞ n
√ !
3 n2 
π 2n

√
arctan − n cos + − n
ln n
3 3 3 n!
(e) lim  3 (f∗ ) lim
sin(n4 )
  
n→∞ n +1 π n→∞
−3n
sin + ln 2 + e +
n! 2 n2

(2) Using the definition of derivative (i.e. using “first principles”), limit laws and standard
limits, find the derivatives of the following functions.

Note: You are asked to use the incremental ratio

f (x + h) − f (x)
f 0 (x) = lim ,
h→0 h
and recast the resulting expression into known limits, i.e. SL. 1–8. A bit of algebra is also
required.
3
(a) y= (b) y = tan x
x

1
2 Tutorial Sheet 6. Modules 3 and 4

(c) y = x3 + 2x2 + x − 4 (d) y = ln x

√
(e∗ ) y = |x| (f) y = x

(3) Evaluate the following derivatives, using the appropriate rules

sin x
(a) y= (b) y = sinh2 (x2 ) − cosh2 (3x)
1+x
√
1 + x2 1 + 2x
(c) y= (d) y =
1 − x2 1 + x2
 
tan x
(e) y = exp (f) y = xcos x
tanh x
3x2 + 6x − 8 2
(g) y= (h) y = 2−x + ln(sinh x)
x3 + 1
(i) y = cos(sin x) · sin(cos x) (j) y = sec x tan(2x)
√
r 
1−x
(k) y= 3
1 − x − x2 (l) y = cos
1+x

Standard limits for functions

sin x 1 − cos x 1
SL. 1 lim =1 SL. 2 lim 2
=
x→0 x x→0 x 2
√
ex − 1 1+x−1 1
SL. 3 lim =1 SL. 4 lim =
x→0 x x→0 x 2
ln(1 + x)
SL. 5 lim =1 SL. 6 lim x loga x = 0, for a > 0
x→0 x x→0+
 α x
SL. 7 lim xx = 1 SL. 8 lim 1 + = e α , for any α ∈ R
x→0+ x→∞ x

Standard limits for sequences

1
SL. 1 lim rn = 0, for r satisfying |r| < 1 SL. 2 lim a n = 1 for any a > 0
n→∞ n→∞
1
 α n
SL. 3 lim n n = 1 SL. 4 lim 1 + = e α , for any α ∈ R
n→∞ n→∞ n
an loga n
SL. 5 lim = 0, for any a > 0 SL. 6 lim = 0, for any a > 0, if p > 0
n→∞ n! n→∞ np
np n!
SL. 7 lim n = 0, for any a > 1, if p > 0 SL. 8 lim n = 0
n→∞ a n→∞ n
 3

Derivatives

d d n
C=0 x = nxn−1
dx dx
d d
sin x = cos x cos x = − sin x
dx dx
d d
tan x = sec2 x sec x = sec x tan x
dx dx
d x d x
e = ex a = (ln a)ax
dx dx
d 1 d 1
ln x = loga x =
dx x dx x ln a
d d
sinh x = cosh x cosh x = sinh x
dx dx
d d
tanh x = sech2 x sech x = − sech x tanh x
dx dx
d 1 d 1
arcsin x = √ arccos x = − √
dx 1 − x2 dx 1 − x2
d 1 d 1
arctan x = arcsinh x = √
dx 1 + x2 dx 2
x +1
d 1 d 1
arccosh x = √ arctanh x =
dx 2
x −1 dx 1 − x2